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Articulation of Speech Consonants and Definition of Each

The document provides an overview of English consonants, detailing their classification into voiced and voiceless sounds, as well as their articulation based on the state of the glottis, place of articulation, and manner of articulation. It includes specific examples and a three-term labeling system for each consonant sound. The document serves as a guide to understanding the production and categorization of speech sounds in English.

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11 views7 pages

Articulation of Speech Consonants and Definition of Each

The document provides an overview of English consonants, detailing their classification into voiced and voiceless sounds, as well as their articulation based on the state of the glottis, place of articulation, and manner of articulation. It includes specific examples and a three-term labeling system for each consonant sound. The document serves as a guide to understanding the production and categorization of speech sounds in English.

Uploaded by

svfty001
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A RT I C U L AT I O N O F S P E E C H

CONSONANTS AND DEFINITION OF


EACH CONSONANTS

By,
Daleena Anna Sabu
1 PG English (Sem 2)
CONSONANTS

 Consonants include both voiced and voiceless sounds, oral and nasal
sounds.
 All English sounds are produced with a pulmonic egressive air stream
mechanism.
 Various organs in our body are also involved in the production of speech
sounds. These organs are called Organs of Speech.
 Consonants are described with the help of a three term label where the
labels relate to the glottis, the place of articulation and the manners of
articulation.
T H E S TAT E O F T H E G L O T T I S

 The state of the glottis determines whether the sound is voiced or


voiceless.
 The sounds produced with the glottis open are voiceless and those
produced wih glottis closed are voiced.
 Some consonants are voiced, meaning the vocal cords vibrate, while
others are voiceless, meaning they don’t.
• Voiceless sounds: /p/, /t/, /k/, /tʃ/, /f/, /θ/, /s/, /ʃ/, /h/
• Voiced sounds: /b/, /d/, /g/, /dʒ/, /v/, /ð/, /z/, /ʒ/, /m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /l/,
/w/, /r/, /j/
P L A C E O F A RT I C U L AT I O N A N D T H E L A B E L L I N G
 The place of articulation refers to the various organs that play an important role in
the production of sound.
Place of Explanation Examples
Articulatio
n
Bilabial Produced with both lips /p/, /b/, /m/, /w/ (pat,
bag, mango, wait)
Labio-dental Lower lip against upper teeth /f/, /v/ (fun, van)
Dental Tongue against upper teeth /θ/, /ð/ (think, that)
Alveolar Tongue against alveolar ridge /t/, /d/, /l/ /s/, /z/, /n/
(behind teeth) top,leaf dip, sun, zoo,
net)
Post-alveolar Tongue just behind the alveolar /r/ (receive)
ridge
Palato- Front part of the tongue is raised /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/ (shy,
alveolar towards the hard palate measure, chin, jug)
Palatal Tongue is raised towards the roof /j/ (you)
of the mouth
Velaric Tongue against the soft palate /k/, /g/, ŋ/ (cat, go, sing)
(velum)
Glottal Produced at the vocal cords /h/ (howl)
M A N N E R O F A RT I C U L AT I O N
 Manner of Articulation is defined as the restriction in the air passage as the air is expelled out
of the lungs.
Manner Explanation Examples
of
Articulati
on
Plosives Air is completely stopped, then /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/ (pat, bat,
(Stop) released tap, dip, cat, go)
Fricatives Air passes through a narrow gap, /f/, /v/, /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/ (fish, van,
creating friction sip, zip, ship, treasure)
Affricates Combination of a stop and a fricative /tʃ/, /dʒ/ (chip, judge)
Nasals Air passes through the nose /m/, /n/, /ŋ/ (man, net, sing)
Laterals Air flows around the sides of the /l/ (lip)
tongue
Trill (Roll) Rapid vibrations of the tongue against /r/ (as in Spanish perro)
the roof of the mouth
Tap or Flap A single, quick contact of the tongue /r/ (as in American English
with the roof of the mouth /ɾ/ (as in butter)
American English butter)
Semi- Speech organs glide from one vowel to /w/, /j/ (we, yes)
vowels another
Frictionless Similar to approximants but with a /r/ (as in run in some accents)
Continuant continuous, smooth airflow and no
ENGLISH CONSONANTS AND THEIR THREE TERM LABELS

/p/ Voiceless, Bilabial, Plosive /ʃ/ Voiceless, Palato-alveolar, Fricative


/b/ Voiced, Bilabial, Plosive /ʒ/ Voiced, Palato-alveolar, Fricative
/t/ Voiceless, Alveolar, Plosive /h/ Voiceless, Glottal, Fricative
/d/ Voiced, Alveolar, Plosive /tʃ/ Voiceless, Palato-alveolar, Affricate
/k/ Voiceless, Velar, Plosive /dʒ/ Voiced, Palato-alveolar, Affricate
/g/ Voiced, Velar, Plosive /m/ Voiced, Bilabial, Nasal
/f/ Voiceless, Labio-dental, Fricative /n/ Voiced, Alveolar, Nasal
/v/ Voiced, Labio-dental, Fricative /ŋ/ Voiced, Velar, Nasal
/θ/ Voiceless, Dental, Fricative /j/ Voiced, Palatal, Semi-vowel
/ð/ Voiced, Dental, Fricative /w/ Voiced, Bilabial, Semi-vowel
/s/ Voiceless, Alveolar, Fricative /r/ Voiced, Post-alveolar, Frictionless
continuant
/z/ Voiced, Alveolar, Fricative /l/ Voiced, Alveolar, Lateral
T H A N K YO U !

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