KEY

TERMINOLOGIES
INSCRIPTION
This includes written or engraved, cut or carved
letters, words, paragraphs, messages, etc. whether
questions or answers to questions made and found
on the skin, clothes or any surface.
MASS CHEATING
Where more than half of the candidates for a
subject(s) at a centre are involved in collusion, this
shall be regarded as mass cheating.
LEAKAGE
This occurs where candidates as well as the general
public have access to examination question(s) before
release from the Council’s proper custody. It is the
illegal filtration of the question(s) from the Council.

FOREKNOWLEDGE
This occurs where candidates and/or members of the
general public have knowledge of the contents of
examination question paper(s) after release from the
Council’s proper custody but before the scheduled
NOTE

A candidate is deemed to be found with a material

in the examination hall, if the material is found:
(a) on any part of the candidate’s body;
(b) in or on the desk/seat of the candidate.
 DE-RECOGNITION
The school may be allowed to present its candidates as school
candidates after fulfilling specified requirements, or move them
to another centre for the conduct of the examination.

However, the conduct of the whole examination (Objective,

Practical and Essay) shall be the responsibility of the Council.
Usually occurs when the appropriate Committee of the Council is
satisfied that school(s) at a centre is/are involved in mass
cheating.
 WITHDRAWAL OF RECOGNITION
The school will not be allowed to present its candidates as
school candidates and the centre number will be
withdrawn.
 THE
RULES
BRINGING FOREIGN MATERIAL INTO EXAMINATION HALL

(1) Where a candidate is found with a blank piece of paper,

cribs, notes textbooks, prepared material or any other printed
material, in the examination hall (except mobile phone or any
other electronic communication device), the following shall
apply:
(a) where it is confirmed or there is evidence
to show that the candidate is involved in
examination malpractice in only one subject,
the result of the subject involved, shall be
withheld pending the outcome of investigation
by the appropriate Committee of the Council.

If the candidate is found guilty, the subject

result involved shall be cancelled by the
Committee.
(b) where it cannot be immediately
confirmed or there is no evidence to show
that the candidate is involved in examination
malpractice in only one subject, the entire
results of the candidate shall be withheld.

If the candidate is found guilty, the entire

results of the candidate shall be cancelled by
the Committee.
(2) Where a candidate is found with a
programmable calculator in the
examination hall, the entire results of the
candidate shall be withheld pending the
outcome of investigation by the appropriate
Committee of the Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire

results of the candidate shall be cancelled by
the Committee.
(3) Where a candidate is found in the
examination hall to have inscription(s) on
any part of his/her body or clothing, the
candidate’s entire results in the examination
shall be withheld pending the outcome of
investigation by the appropriate Committee
of the Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire

results of the candidate shall be cancelled by
the Committee.
(4) Where a candidate is found with a mobile phone
or any other electronic communication device in
the examination hall, the entire results of the
candidate shall be withheld pending the outcome of
investigation by the appropriate Committee of the
Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results

of the candidate shall be cancelled by the
Committee.
 IRREGULAR ACTIVITIES INSIDE OR OUTSIDE
THE EXAMINATION HALL

(1) Where a candidate is apprehended for the

following or such as offence(s) inside or outside the
examination hall, the candidate’s entire results shall
be withheld pending the outcome of investigation by
the appropriate Committee of the Council:

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results

of the candidate shall be cancelled by the Committee.
(a) stealing, converting or misappropriating the
scripts of other candidates.
(b) substituting worked scripts during or after the
examination.
(c) submission of more than one worked script.
(d) possession of more than one question paper or
answer booklet.
(e) seeking or receiving help from non-candidate(s)
such as invigilator(s), supervisor(s), teacher(s) or
other personalities before, during or after the
examination.
(2) Where the person giving the help is not a
candidate for the examination in session, but a
prospective candidate, he/she shall be barred from
taking any examination conducted by the Council for
1 year and will also be reported to the appropriate
authority for disciplinary action to be taken against
him/her.
In addition, the candidate’s entire results of the
candidate sitting the examination shall be withheld
pending the outcome of investigation by the 3
appropriate Committee of the Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results

of the candidate shall be cancelled by the
Committee.
(3) Where a candidate is apprehended for offence(s)
such as those listed inside or outside the
examination hall, the candidate’s entire results shall
be withheld pending the outcome of investigation by
the appropriate Committee of the Council:

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results

of the candidate shall be cancelled by the
Committee.
 (a) tearing part of the question paper or answer
booklet during the examination.
(b) refusing to submit worked script to the Supervisor
after the examination.
(c) starting to write an examination before
commencement of work is officially announced OR
continuing to write after official orders have been
given for candidates to stop work.
(d) other irregular activities including but not limited
to causing noise or disturbances within the immediate
precincts of the examination hall before, during or
COLLUSION
(1) Where a candidate is found during the
examination passing notes for help from other
candidate(s), receiving or giving assistance, talking
with or conniving in any manner with
another/other candidate(s), the entire results of the
candidate(s) involved shall be withheld pending the
outcome of investigation by the appropriate
Committee of the Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the subject result

(2) Where cases of collusion are detected in script(s)
and/or otherwise established in one paper, the
entire results of the candidate(s) involved shall be
withheld pending the outcome of investigation by the
appropriate Committee of the Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the subject result

involved shall be cancelled by the Committee.
Where a candidate is proved to have colluded with
another/other candidate(s) in more than one
paper/subject, the entire results of the candidate(s)
involved shall be withheld pending the outcome of
investigation by the appropriate Committee of the
Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results

of the candidate shall be cancelled by the Committee.
 IMPERSONATION
(1)Where a person is found impersonating a candidate, he/she shall be handed over
to the Police for prosecution. The bona fide candidate, if apprehended, shall also
be handed over to the Police for prosecution.
(2)The entire results of the candidate being impersonated and those of the
impersonator, if he/she is also a candidate for the examination, shall be withheld
pending the outcome of investigation by the appropriate Committee of the
Council.
If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results of the candidate shall be
cancelled by the Committee.
Both the impersonator and the impersonated shall also be barred from taking any
examination conducted by the Council for a period of not less than 2 years.
The Council also reserves the right to publish the names of persons so barred.
 FOREKNOWLEDGE
(1)Where a case of foreknowledge in a subject(s) is established at a
centre, the entire results of the candidates offering the subject(s)
involved at the centre shall be withheld pending the outcome of
investigation by the appropriate Committee of the Council.
If the candidates are found culpable, the entire results of the candidates
shall be cancelled by the Committee.
(2) Where it is established that a case of foreknowledge occurred and
any examination official(s), connived at, aided and/or encouraged the
foreknowledge, the appropriate sanction(s) shall be meted out on all who
are found culpable, by the appropriate Committee of the Council.
LEAKAGE

Where it is established that leakage has occurred and

any examination official(s) connived at, aided and/or
encouraged the leakage, the appropriate sanction(s)
shall be meted out on all who are found culpable by
the appropriate Committee of the Council.

The official would be handed over to the police for

prosecution, reported to the employer, etc.
 MASS CHEATING
(1) Where mass cheating in a subject(s) at a centre is
established, the entire results of the candidates at
the centre shall be withheld pending the outcome
of investigation by the appropriate Committee of
the Council.
If the candidates are found culpable, the subject
results involved shall be cancelled by the
Committee.
INSULT/ASSAULT ON SUPERVISORS / INVIGILATORS /
SCHOOL OFFICIALS / INSPECTORS

(1) Where a candidate insults or assaults a supervisor /

invigilator / school official / inspector in the lawful
performance of his/her duties inside or outside the examination
hall, or in any other way disturbs the conduct of the
examination, the entire results of the candidate shall be
withheld pending the outcome of investigation by the appropriate
Committee of the Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results of the

candidate shall be cancelled by the Committee.
The candidate shall also be barred from taking any
examination conducted by the Council for a period
not less than 2 years.

In addition, he/she may be handed over to the Police

for prosecution.
Where a candidate brings into the examination hall or uses
anything including firearms, chemical substances with intent to
cause injury, temporary or permanent incapacity to any
authorised person in the examination hall including other
candidates, the entire results of the candidate shall be withheld
pending the outcome of investigation by the appropriate
Committee of the Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results of the

candidate shall be cancelled by the Committee.

In addition, the candidate shall be barred for a period of not less

than 2 years from taking any examination conducted by the
Council.
Where a school official(s) insult(s) or assault(s), incite(s)/instigate(s) the
assault on an examination official(s) before, during or after the
examination, such school(s) shall be de-recognised for a period not less
than 2 years.

Where such assault in causes injury (temporary or permanent) on the

official(s), such school’s recognition shall be withdrawn. The school
shall be required to pay the cost of treatment of the injured examination
official(s).

Without prejudice, where the Proprietor of the school is found to be

involved in the assault, the recognition of the school shall be
withdrawn. Sanctions above, shall not preclude legal action being taken
against the offender(s) by the Council or affected individual(s).
CONTRAVENTION OF INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
(1)Where a candidate, in contravention of the instructions to
candidates, writes with pencil instead of ink or shades with
ink instead of pencil, the following shall apply:

(a) where it is confirmed that this is the only examination

malpractice the candidate is involved in, the result of the subject
involved, shall be withheld pending the outcome of investigation
by the appropriate Committee of the Council.
If the candidate is found culpable, the subject result involved
shall be cancelled by the Committee.
(b) where it cannot be immediately confirmed that
this is the only examination malpractice the
candidate is involved in, the entire results of the
candidate shall be withheld pending the outcome of
investigation by the appropriate Committee of the
Council.
If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results
of the candidate shall be cancelled by the Committee.
(2) Where a candidate fails to complete the cover page of his/her answer booklet
as specified in the instructions, the following shall apply:

(c) where it is confirmed that this is the only examination malpractice the candidate
is involved in, the result of the subject involved, shall be withheld pending the
outcome of investigation by the appropriate Committee of the Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the subject result involved shall be cancelled by
the Committee.

(a) where it cannot be immediately confirmed that this is the only examination
malpractice the candidate is involved in, the entire results of the candidate shall be
withheld pending the outcome of investigation by the appropriate Committee of the
Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results of the candidate shall be
cancelled by the Committee.
 MULTIPLE REGISTRATIONS/REGISTRATION OF
UNQUALIFIED CANDIDATES
(1) Where a candidate is involved in multiple
registrations for the same diet of examination and
investigations reveal that the candidate sat the
examination in more than one centre, the candidate’s
entire results shall be withheld pending the outcome of
investigation by the appropriate Committee of the
Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results of the

candidate shall be cancelled by the Committee.
(2) Where a Head of school(s) or its official(s) or
representative(s) is/are found to have committed
any of the offences listed below, before, during or
after the conduct of the examination;

(a) registration of non-school/unqualified

candidate(s) for School Candidates’ examinations;
(b) fabrication and/or falsification of continuous
assessment scores for the affected candidate(s) in (a)
above;
a report shall be made to the Ministry of Education or the
appropriate Board for disciplinary action to be taken against the
person(s) responsible and the school shall be de-recognised for
a period not less than 1 year.

(3) the non-school/unqualified candidate(s) who is/are found to

be beneficiary(ies) of the school’s breach as described above,
shall have his/her/their entire results withheld pending the
outcome of investigation by the appropriate Committee of the
Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results of the

candidate shall be cancelled by the Committee.
 DESTRUCTION OF EXHIBITS
Where a candidate is apprehended in the examination hall
or within its precincts, committing an offence or aiding
another/other candidate(s) to commit an offence, and
he/she proceeds to destroy the evidence of his/her offence,
his/her entire results shall be withheld pending the
outcome of investigation by the appropriate Committee of
the Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results of the

candidate shall be cancelled by the Committee.
 POSTING LIVE QUESTIONS ON THE INTERNET
Where a candidate is found to have posted/received live
questions/answers on the internet via social media, his/her entire
results shall be withheld pending the outcome of investigation by the
appropriate Committee of the Council.

If the candidate is found culpable, the entire results of the candidate

shall be cancelled by the Committee.

Where it is found that the live questions were posted by any

examination official(s), appropriate sanctions shall be meted out to
whoever is found culpable.
The matter shall also be reported to the Police for investigation and
 MISCONDUCT OF EXAMINATION OFFICIAL(S)
Where an examination official is found, inside or outside the
examination hall with any material relevant to the examination
being conducted and which may impugn the conduct of the
examination, the examination official shall be handed over to the
Police for investigation and prosecution.
In addition, he/she shall be formally reported to his/her employer.

Where the school authorities offer bribe to examination

officials before, during or after the period of the conduct of
examinations, the school shall be de-recognised for 2 years.
 NEW CASES
As new cases arise, which are not covered by the
above rules, the appropriate Committee of the
Council shall take necessary action.
Thank
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