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Green Revolution Computer Hhw by Rudraksha Class8th

The Green Revolution, initiated in the 1960s in India, significantly increased food grain production through modern agricultural techniques, transforming the country from food-deficient to food-surplus. While it ensured food security and improved farmers' incomes, it also led to environmental issues and social disparities. The ongoing Second Green Revolution aims to address these challenges by promoting sustainable practices and enhancing agricultural resilience.

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1 views

Green Revolution Computer Hhw by Rudraksha Class8th

The Green Revolution, initiated in the 1960s in India, significantly increased food grain production through modern agricultural techniques, transforming the country from food-deficient to food-surplus. While it ensured food security and improved farmers' incomes, it also led to environmental issues and social disparities. The ongoing Second Green Revolution aims to address these challenges by promoting sustainable practices and enhancing agricultural resilience.

Uploaded by

dakshitagusai30achiever
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GREEN……

REVOLUTION
-RUDRAKSHA SINGH GUSAI
The Green Revolution marked a significant turning point in the
history of agriculture, not just in India but globally. It introduced
modern scientific techniques that dramatically boosted food grain
production, transforming the agricultural landscape and ensuring
food security for millions. This presentation explores the origin,
impact, current status, and future of the Green Revolution,
especially in the Indian context.
What is the Green Revolution?
The Green Revolution refers to a period, beginning in the 1940s
and gaining momentum during the 1960s and 1970s, when major
advances in agricultural practices led to a dramatic increase in
crop production. This was achieved through the introduction of
high-yield variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides,
advanced irrigation techniques, and mechanization of farming.
The movement was spearheaded globally by agronomist Norman
Borlaug, who is credited with saving over a billion people from
starvation and is often called the “Father of the Green Revolution.”
GREEN REVOLUTION IN INDIA

In India, the Green Revolution began in the 1960s under the


leadership of Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, who is often regarded as
the Father of the Indian Green Revolution. The government,
with international support, focused on improving food grain
production to tackle severe famines and food shortages. The
first wave targeted states like Punjab, Haryana, and western
Uttar Pradesh, where infrastructure was conducive to modern
farming. The introduction of HYV wheat seeds led to a boom
in production, turning India from a food-deficient country to a
food-surplus nation within a decade.
PROS AND CONS
• The Green Revolution brought numerous positive outcomes. It ensured national food security by drastically
increasing the production of staple crops like wheat and rice. For instance, wheat production in India rose
from around 12 million tonnes in 1965 to approximately 114 million tonnes by 2024. Farmers in Green
Revolution regions witnessed increased incomes, rural infrastructure improved, and new agro-based
industries emerged. India’s dependence on food imports reduced significantly, and the country became
self-reliant in food grain production.

• Despite its achievements, the Green Revolution also had significant drawbacks. Excessive use of chemical
fertilizers and pesticides led to soil degradation and pollution. Over-reliance on groundwater for irrigation
caused a steep decline in water tables, especially in Punjab and Haryana. The focus on monoculture—
mainly wheat and rice—reduced biodiversity and made crops more vulnerable to pests and diseases.
Moreover, the benefits were not evenly distributed, leaving behind marginal farmers and rain-fed regions,
which contributed to social and economic disparities in rural India.
SECOND GREEN REVOLUTION /
EVERGREEN REVOLUTION

In response to the limitations of the first Green Revolution,


India has been pursuing what is often called the Second or
Evergreen Revolution. This modern phase aims to make
agriculture more sustainable, inclusive, and environmentally
friendly. Key strategies include promoting organic farming,
crop diversification, climate-resilient varieties, and precision
agriculture using AI, drones, and sensor-based monitoring.
Government initiatives like the Digital Agriculture Mission
(2021), PM-KISAN, and Soil Health Card schemes are vital
components of this next agricultural transformation.
CHALLENGES AHEAD

Despite advancements, Indian agriculture faces


persistent challenges. Climate change is altering rainfall
patterns and increasing the frequency of droughts and
floods. Fragmentation of land holdings continues to
hinder economies of scale. Young people are moving
away from farming due to lack of profitability and
modern appeal. There’s an urgent need to increase
investment in agricultural research, promote sustainable
practices, and enhance the resilience of rural livelihoods
to ensure long-term food security and environmental
health.
GLOBAL LESSONS
& INDIA’S ROLE

India’s success with the Green Revolution has offered valuable


lessons to other developing nations. By sharing technology,
seeds, and policy frameworks, India has helped improve
agricultural systems in parts of Africa and Southeast Asia.
Furthermore, India's leadership in promoting millets through the
International Year of Millets 2023 underlines its role in
advocating for climate-smart nutrition and food security. As the
world faces new environmental challenges, global collaboration
—particularly among agrarian economies—will be key to a more
sustainable future.
SCENARIO
Current Old
• During the early 1960s, India was facing severe food
• As of 2025, India remains the second-largest shortages, frequent famines, and was heavily dependent

producer of both rice and wheat in the world. on food aid, especially from the United States under
Technological innovations have become the PL-480 scheme. Food grain production was low
due to traditional farming methods, poor irrigation
increasingly common in Indian agriculture, with
infrastructure, and lack of access to modern inputs.
AI-powered decision support, remote sensing, and
The average yield of wheat was less than 1 tonne per
smart irrigation tools being adopted by hectare. In 1965, India produced only about 12.26
progressive farmers. The government continues to million tonnes of wheat and around 89 million tonnes
support farmers through schemes like PM-KISAN of total food grains. Per capita food grain availability
(offering ₹6,000 annually to small farmers), eNAM was just 395 grams per day. The country was importing
(an online marketplace for agricultural produce), millions of tonnes of wheat annually to prevent mass
and a significant agriculture budget allocation of starvation. The launch of the Green Revolution in 1966
₹1.37 lakh crore in 2024–25. These initiatives aim changed the landscape—HYV seeds, fertilizers,
to ensure both productivity and sustainability. irrigation projects, and government subsidies were
introduced. The revolution first succeeded in wheat
production, particularly in Punjab and Haryana, where
farmers achieved record harvests by the early 1970s.
By 1980, India’s food grain production had crossed 130
million tonnes, reducing dependency on imports and
moving toward self-sufficiency in food.
CONCLUSION

The Green Revolution was a monumental achievement that fed millions and
transformed agriculture in India and beyond. However, its long-term
sustainability has come under scrutiny. The future demands a Green Revolution
2.0—focused not just on higher yields, but on better food, ecological balance,
and economic inclusiveness. With innovation, smart policy, and collective effort,
agriculture can continue to be a source of food, income, and national pride.

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