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Graphs of Polynomial Functions

This document outlines a lesson on polynomial functions, including how to describe and interpret their graphs. It provides exercises on identifying polynomial functions, finding zeros, determining factored forms, and understanding the leading coefficient test. Additionally, it includes examples and assessments to reinforce learning objectives.

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aserehtblaire
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2 views

Graphs of Polynomial Functions

This document outlines a lesson on polynomial functions, including how to describe and interpret their graphs. It provides exercises on identifying polynomial functions, finding zeros, determining factored forms, and understanding the leading coefficient test. Additionally, it includes examples and assessments to reinforce learning objectives.

Uploaded by

aserehtblaire
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 33

After going through

Quarter 2 this lesson, you are


expected to:
Lesson 2 • describe and
interpret the graphs
of polynomial
Graphs of Polynomial functions; and
Functions • graph the
polynomial
functions
A polynomial
equation is a
mathematical What
555
statement stating
that
two algebraic I
expressions are
equal. Know
1. Which of the following is
a polynomial function?
Choose the letter of
the correct answer
and write your
answer on a your
notebook.
2. Find the zeros of 3. What is the factored form of
𝑃(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 4)3(𝑥 − 5)6. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥3 – 2𝑥2 – 3𝑥?
A. {−4 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 3, 5
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 6}
A. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 −3)( 𝑥+1)
B. {4 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 6, −5
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 3} B. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥(𝑥 −3)(𝑥 +1)
C. {−4 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 5, −5
C. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2( 𝑥+3)( 𝑥−1)
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 5}
D. {4 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 3, 5 D. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 +3)(𝑥 −1)
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 6}
4. Determine the degree of 5. Given that
𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 +3)(𝑥 −4)2(𝑥 +4)3(𝑥 +1)5. 𝑃(𝑥) = 2𝑥3 +3𝑥2 −4𝑥 −24, what
is the value of 𝑃(3)?
A. 9
A. 42
B. 10
B. 43
C. 11
C. 44
D. 12
D. 45
1. Which of the following is
a polynomial function?

Answer
2. Find the zeros of 3. What is the factored form of
𝑃(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 4)3(𝑥 − 5)6. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥3 – 2𝑥2 – 3𝑥?
A. {−4 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 3, 5
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 6}
A. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 −3)( 𝑥+1)
B. {4 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 6, −5
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 3} B. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥(𝑥 −3)(𝑥 +1)
C. {−4 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 5, −5
C. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2( 𝑥+3)( 𝑥−1)
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 5}
D. {4 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 3, 5 D. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 +3)(𝑥 −1)
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 6}
4. Determine the degree of 5. Given that
𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 +3)(𝑥 −4)2(𝑥 +4)3(𝑥 +1)5. 𝑃(𝑥) = 2𝑥3 +3𝑥2 −4𝑥 −24, what
is the value of 𝑃(3)?
A. 9
A. 42
B. 10
B. 43
C. 11
C. 44
D. 12
D. 45
In the previous
lesson, you learned
Graphs of a about determining
Polynomial polynomial
Function functions. Refresh
your mind by
answering the
activity.
Direction

Classify each function


as polynomial or not 𝑓 ( 𝑥)=𝑥+ 𝑥 2+ 𝑥 3
If the function is a
polynomial Degree Degree 3

Identify the degree and Leading


the leading coefficient Coefficient 𝒙𝟑
𝟏
𝟒 𝟑
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=𝒙 − 𝒙 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=
𝟖 𝒙

Degree Degree 4

Leading 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =9 √ 𝑥 +2 𝑥
4
Coefficient
4
4
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =𝑥 2 𝑓 ( 𝑥)=5 − 2
𝑥

Degree Degree 2
1
2
𝑃 ( 𝑥 )= 𝑥 +2
Leading
2
Coefficient
𝑃 ( 𝑥 )=4 𝑥 − 2+2 𝑥 −3 𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥3 + 𝑥4 + 2𝑥6

Degree Degree 1 Degree Degree 6

Leading Leading
Coefficient 𝟔𝒙 Coefficient 𝟐𝒙
𝟔
What are the
Describe a polynomial characteristics of non-
function polynomial functions?

𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =¿ ¿ 𝟑 1
2
𝒙 𝑥
¿ ¿ =0
𝒙
−𝟑
9√𝑥
Graph and
What’s the
New polynomial
function
𝑓 ( 𝑥)=( 𝑥 +3)( 𝑥 +2)( 𝑥+ 1) f(𝑥) = (𝑥 +2)(𝑥 +1)(𝑥−1)(𝑥−2)
𝑓 (𝑥)=−(𝑥+1)2( 𝑥 −1)(𝑥 − 2)2 𝑃 ( 𝑥)=−( 𝑥+3)(𝑥 +1)( 𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 4 )
There are four cases of
the
Leading Coefficient
Test:
Case 1

Leading Coefficient Positive

Degree Odd

End-Behavior of the Graph


Case 2

Leading Coefficient Negative

Degree Odd

End-Behavior of the Graph


Case 3

Leading Coefficient Positive

Degree Even

End-Behavior of the Graph


Case 4

Leading Coefficient Negative

Degree Even

End-Behavior of the Graph


Summary of the Leading Coefficient Test

Case 1 showed that if the degree of the polynomial is odd


and the leading coefficient is positive, then the graph falls to
the left and rises to the right.
Case 2 showed that if the degree of the polynomial is odd
and the leading coefficient is negative, then the graph rises
to the left and falls to the right.
Case 3 showed that if the degree of the polynomial is even
and the leading coefficient is positive, then the graph rises to
the right and also rises to the left.
Case 4 showed that if the degree of the polynomial is even
and the leading coefficient is negative, then the graph falls to
the left and also falls to the right.
Example 1.
Describe the behavior of the graph by completing
the table.
1. 𝑃 (𝑥)=𝑥 3 −2 𝑥 2 – 3 𝑥 2. 𝑃 ( 𝑥)=− 𝑥 3+ 𝑥 2 – 12 𝑥
End-behaviour of the graph
Factored Form Degree Leading
Coefficient
Left Tail Right Tail

𝑃 ( 𝑥)=𝑥( 𝑥 +1) ( 𝑥 − 3 ) 𝟑 𝒓𝒅 𝑥 3 𝒇𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆


𝑃 ( 𝑥 )=− 𝑥( 𝑥 +3) ( 𝑥 − 4 ) 𝟑 𝒓𝒅 − 𝑥 3 𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆 𝒇𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔
𝒙
𝟑
𝒐𝒅𝒅 𝒇𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆
𝒙
𝟒
𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆 𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆
− 𝒙 𝒐𝒅𝒅 𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆 𝒇𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝒔
𝟓

− 𝒙 𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒇𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 𝒇𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝒔


𝟒
Example 2.
Given the function in factored form,

𝑃 (𝑥) = (𝑥 + 2)2(𝑥 +1)3(𝑥 − 1)4(𝑥 −2).

Complete the table below by finding the zeros, multiplicity of the


zeros, characteristic of its multiplicity and behavior of the graph.
To find the zeros of 𝑃(𝑥) set 𝑃(𝑥) = 0 and solve for the values of
𝑥.
That is,
(𝑥 +2)2 = 0, (𝑥 +1)3 = 0,
( 𝑥 −1) 4
= Characteristic
Multiplicit
0, (𝑥 −2) = 0
Zeros of the Behavior of the graph
y of Zero
Multiplicity
-2 2 Even Touches the x-axis at -2
-1 3 Odd Crosses the x-axis at -1
1 4 Even Touches the x-axis at 1
2 1 Odd Crosses the x-axis at 2
Example 3. Complete the table
Polynomial Number of
Sketch Degree
Function turning Points

𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥4 –2𝑥2 – 15 4 3

𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥5 +𝑥3– 2𝑥 +
1 5 2
Example 4.

polynomial function: f(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 1)3(𝑥 + 2)2


Make a table of values for x and P(x) of the

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
P(x) -64 0 -8 -4 0 16
f(𝑥) = (𝑥 −1)3(𝑥 +2)2

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
( −2 , 0 )
P(x) -64 0 -8 -4 0 16 ∎ ∎
( 1 , 0)

∎
( 0 ,− 4 )
Assessment 1 Assessment 2
1. Write the polynomial function in
What I Have ________ form.
Factored
2. Describe the end-behavior of the
Learned graph of the given polynomial
function using the
______________________.
Leading Coefficient Test
Complete each
3. Find the ______
Zeros of the
sentence by filling in polynomial function and their
the blanks. Here are multiplicity.
the steps in sketching 4. Construct a _____________
Table of Values for x
the graph of a and 𝑃(𝑥).
polynomial function. 5. Plot the points and draw a
smooth continuous curve to
_________________
connect the points.
Thank
you!!!

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