Fire alram system ( sem-iii )

By MR. SHRUTIK M. DHOKE

MR. DEEP M. PATIL
MR. SIDDESHWAR K.
MR. RAJ S. GAIKWAD
MR. ABHISHEK A. WAGH

BACHELOR OF ENGINNERING (COMPUTER ENGINNERING)

UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF PROF. HARISH BARAPATRE SIR

YADAVRAO TASGAONKAR INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY
Affiliated to University of Mumbai
Academic Year :2022-2023
 Abstract
• If you’ve never experienced what it’s like to recover from a fire, consider yourself lucky.
According to the National Fire
• Protection Association (NFPA), over 113,000 non-residential fires broke out in the U.S. in 2015,
killing 90 civilians, injuring
• 1,425 others, and causing $3.1 billion in property damage. Mitigate these risks with a fire alarm.

• Fire alarms save lives: The number one reason to install a fire alarm is to make the building safe
for your employees,
• customers, and tenants. A combination of smoke and heat detectors, sirens and bells, and strobe
lights detect fires and alert
• building occupants, giving them ample time to evacuate in an orderly fashion.

• Fire alarms reduce property loss: While strobe lights and sirens don’t actively put out fires, they
alert the people who can.
• The fire control process begins when trained personnel attack a small fire with an extinguisher
and bystanders, guests, or
• employees call the fire department. Monitored fire alarm systems automatically notify
emergency responders and fire trucks
• dispatch to your location without delay. The faster these responses happen, the sooner the fire is
extinguished and the less
• damage your building sustains.
• Fire alarms shorten your recovery time: Less building damage means shorter
downtime until you can reopen for business.
• This cuts your losses from the fire even more, allowing you to return to
business as usual before long.
 Motivation
• Having a fire detection system can significantly reduce damages and
maximize fire control efforts.

• It is also one of the most fundamental steps you can take for fire safety
measures.

• Even if you are sleeping or busy working, early fire detection will warn you
and help you respond quickly so you'll be out of danger.

• By detecting a fire quickly and accurately (i.e., by not sacrificing speed or

causing false alarms) and providing early warning notification, a fire-
detection system can limit the emission of toxic products created by
combustion, as well as global-warming gases produced by the fire itself
 Introduction
• A fire alarm system warns people when smoke, fire, carbon monoxide or other fire-related or general
• notification emergencies are detected. These alarms may be activated automatically from smoke
• detectors and heat detectors or may also be activated via manual fire alarm activation devices such as
manual
• call points or pull stations. Alarms can be either motorized bells or wall mountable sounders or horns.
They
• can also be speaker strobes which sound an alarm, followed by a voice evacuation message which
warns
• people inside the building not to use the elevators. Fire alarm sounders can be set to certain frequencies
and
• different tones including low, medium, and high, depending on the country and manufacturer of the
device.
• Most fire alarm systems in Europe sound like a siren with alternating frequencies. Fire alarm electronic
• devices are known as horns in the United States and Canada and can be either continuous or set to
different
• codes. Fire alarm warning devices can also be set to different volume levels.

• In the simplest terms, the role of a fire alarm system is to detect fires and alert both building occupants
and
• emergency personnel from a centrally monitored and controlled location.
 Aim
• In our day-to-day life, we typically use several electronic appliances such as
calling bell, TV remote, automatic outdoor lights, automatic door opening
systems, fire alarm systems, etc.,.

• These electronic home appliances are designed using various electronics

projects that include sensor based circuits, microcontroller based circuits,
embedded circuits, communication based projects and so on. In this article,
let us discuss about simple fire alarm circuit using nodemcu.

• These electronics projects can be realized over the breadboard without

soldering any component, hence these projects are also called as solderless
breadboard projects.

• The solderless breadboard projects can be used for testing the projects
working, outputs of various circuits with different components, the same set
of components can be reused for designing various projects with a few
additional components.
 Objective
• The four ways your fire alarm system works to protect your property and
its occupants from the dangers of fire are by detecting fire, alerting
occupants, managing risk, and notifying the fire department.

• #1 Detect FireYour fire alarm system is designed to detect fire in two main
ways: smoke and heat. It should also have the capability of manual pull, in
case a fire is observed before smoke or heat reaches the sensors of the
system. Other systems are activated when movement in the sprinkler
system is detected, indicating that the sprinklers are responding to a fire.

• #2 Alert OccupantsWhen the fire alarm system detects smoke, heat, or

water movement, it alerts occupants of the building using both audible and
visible alarms. These alarms will be bright, loud, obnoxious, and
impossible to ignore, which help mobilize individuals to follow your
evacuation plan. Using both types of alarms ensure that every person in the
building is alerted.
• #3 Manage RisksYour building’s fire alarm system works in a third way to
protect you: by reacting to potential risks using control measures. When
the alarm is activated, some systems perform a set of tasks that help
prevent fire and smoke from spreading as well as protect occupants, such
as: automatically shutting doors in different zones, powering off ventilation
and air conditioning, or redirecting elevators to bring cars to a designated
level.

• #4 Notify AuthoritiesThe fourth purpose of your fire alarm system is to

notify authorities. This ensures the fire department is en route as quickly as
possible, so they can respond and extinguish the fire before it becomes an
even bigger threat.
 Advantages
• As far as fire alarm installers go, a wireless system is ideal because they
are much easier to install. A wireless system essentially involves mounting
the devices to the appropriate locations around a building or room, setting
up the actual system and syncing it to WiFi.

• Compare this to a wired system, which requires fire alarm installers to

connect the system to power supplies and ensure cables are connected
properly.Another great advantage of a wireless fire alarm system is it
operates off of a battery.

• This frees up a wall outlet and you can feel safe knowing the system will
still work in the event of a power outage. And adding a second or
subsequent wireless device is easy if you add on to your home or office.
 Disadvantages
• The one thing most fire alarm system inspectors caution against with wireless
systems is having to replace the battery.

• The system is essentially useless if the batteries aren’t charged, since it won’t
work properly.

• There is a bit of a burden to homeowners or business owners to always

remember to keep the batteries fresh so the system operates properly when
you need it most.A couple other disadvantages fire alarm system inspectors
point out is wireless systems have limited range and don’t have centralized
monitoring.
• Range can be a problem for large offices or homes, since a weak wireless
connection may cause the system to not operate reliably. Wireless fire alarm
systems also don’t connect directly to the telephone lines, which are linked to
the fire departments, so the response to an emergency could be slower as a
result.
Hardware Requirements:

• Node Mcu(ESP 8266)

• Flame sensor

• 180 Ohm

• Jumper wire

• Bread board

• Buzzer

• Led lights
NODE MCU ESP 8266

• NodeMCU is a Firmware on ESP8266.

ESP8266 is a low-cost, WiFi Module chip
that can be configured to connect to the
Internet for Internet of Things (IoT) and
similar technology Projects. Basically, your
• normal Electrical and Mechanical
equipment cannot connect to the Internet on
their own. This board will be connected to
internet to send data to the cloud server. This
module will perform the controlling action
the system. It receives signal from sensors
act performs different operation.
Flame sensor

• A sensor which is most

sensitive to a normal light is
known as a flame sensor. That’s
why this sensor module is used
in flame alarms.The output of
this sensor is an analog signal
or digital signal. These sensors
are used in fire fighting robots
like as a flame alarm.
Buzzer

• A buzzer or beeper is an
audio signaling device,
which may be
mechanical,
electromechanical, or
piezoelectric (piezo for
short).
• Typical uses of buzzers
and beepers include alarm
devices, timers, train and
confirmation of user input
such as a mouse click or
keystroke.
Bread board
• Breadboard (plugboard) has sets of
miniature sockets laid out on a 0.1
inch grid which will accept the
manual insertion of component
leads and tinned copper wire (TCW)
links . It has rows of contacts
interconnected in groups placed
either side of the center line of the
board, where the integrated circuits
(ICs) are inserted, giving multiple
contacts on each IC pin.

• At each side of the board, there are

long rows of common contacts,
which are used for the power
supplies. Some types of breadboard
are supplied in blocks that link
together to accommodate larger
circuits, or are mounted on a base
with built-in power supplies.
Circuit Diagram
Flowchart
Implementation
 Working

i)The working concept of this project is quite simple as there are only two
components.

ii) The Flame sensor comes under the category of the photosensor. So the light
of the flame is sensed by the sensor and it then sends the appropriate signals to
the ESP8266 board.

iii) The ESP board then sends the signal over wi-fi to the smartphone in which
the Blynk App has been installed.

iv)The App will show the notification that the phone that the Fire has been
detected.

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=cloud.blynk
v) Download the Blynk App from the link given above.
vi) Register using an email id in the Blynk app. Remember, you will receive an
authorization token in your email.
vii) After logging into the Blynk app, create a new project selecting the
NodeMCU board and Wi-Fi setting.
viii) Now you will see the main page where you can drag and drop widgets on the
main screen as you like.
ix) Now upload the code to NodeMCU. If you do not know how to configure the
Arduino IDE to upload the code to NodeMCU, you can check out that blog here.
x) After uploading, you will see something like this on your serial monitor.
xi)After this, your fire alarm system is ready to go.
xii) This system has the main advantage over the Arduino fire alarm system as
you need to keep the Arduino board connected to the computer and you need to be
at that place to see if there is a fire or not.
xiii) But using the NodeMCU makes this system wireless, so you can use this fire
alarm at any point. You just need the IP address to access it anywhere in the
world.
 Conclusion

• In present days lot of fire accidents are occurring and been reported.
Though it is been reported to the fire rescue or emergency help personnel,
the percentage of life loss and property loss are considerably high.
• This is due to the lack of communication or due to the delay in informing
and getting the services of the fire rescue or emergency help personnel
during an accident.
• So, by adopting the proposed system, we can alert the surrounding people
and also inform the firemen regarding the accident along with the accurate
location of accident area specified.
• Hence this is an era of automation the proposed system is apt for the
environment and to ensure the safety of all.
 Prefrence

• https://www.flyrobo.in/blog/fire-alarm-nodemcu
• https://blog.koorsen.com/how-does-a-fire-alarm-system-work
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_alarm_system
• https://youtu.be/YN522_npNqs
• https://youtu.be/7yWbS8B3cJU