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Prejudice Stigma & Discrimination.

The document addresses the concepts of culture, prejudice, stigma, and discrimination, focusing on their definitions, impacts, and strategies for overcoming them. It emphasizes the importance of understanding personal prejudices, the effects of stigma on individuals with stigmatized diseases, particularly HIV/AIDS, and the need for community-based strategies to reduce discrimination. The document outlines various forms of prejudice and stigma, their consequences, and suggests methods for promoting acceptance and support for affected individuals.

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1 views23 pages

Prejudice Stigma & Discrimination.

The document addresses the concepts of culture, prejudice, stigma, and discrimination, focusing on their definitions, impacts, and strategies for overcoming them. It emphasizes the importance of understanding personal prejudices, the effects of stigma on individuals with stigmatized diseases, particularly HIV/AIDS, and the need for community-based strategies to reduce discrimination. The document outlines various forms of prejudice and stigma, their consequences, and suggests methods for promoting acceptance and support for affected individuals.

Uploaded by

bilalkhanafridi582
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CULTURE, PREJUDICE,

STIGMA AND
DISCRIMINATION
 At the end of the unit learners will be able to:

1. Explore understanding of prejudice and identification of own


prejudices.
2. Explore ways to handle these prejudices in their own way.
3. Discuss how these prejudices could impact clinical practice.
4. To define stigma and discrimination.
5. To explore how and why stigma is associated with
stigmatized disease.
6. To examine how stigma impacts health care services.
7. To discuss the strategies of enhancing acceptance of
individuals with stigmatized diseases.
PREJUDICE
 An unfair and unreasonable opinion or feeling,
especially when formed without enough thought or
knowledge.
 It’s a negative attitude towards a person or

group

 (e. g” I don’t like/don’t want to have contact with


someone with mental health problem”)
UNDERSTANDING FOR TERM PREJUDICE

 Personal prejudice is a view or judgment that someone


has for another person or group based on their real or
perceived group membership. A personal prejudice can
shape the way that people interact with others and can often
last a lifetime.
 According to the Oxford English Dictionary, prejudice simply

means "prejudgment.“ More specifically, the definition


says "Preconceived opinion not based on reason or actual
experience; bias, unreasoned dislike, or discrimination
against, a race, sex, or other class of people."
SOME OF THE MOST WELL-KNOWN TYPES OF
PREJUDICE INCLUDE

 Racism.
 Sexism.
 Classism.
 Nationalism.
 Religious prejudice.
 Ageism.
 Xenophobia
HOW TO OVERCOME PREJUDICE

There are, however, a few things you can do if you feel like
someone has prejudged you.

 1. Talk to the person. If you feel that someone has made


incorrect assumptions about you, go to that person and talk to
them. Find out why they made those assumptions. Explain your
actual point of view. Try to make that person understand where
they made an incorrect judgment.

2. Talk to your supervisor. If you feel prejudice from someone


at work, talk to your supervisor. She/he may be able to talk to
the person about improper behavior at work. Or she/he may be
able to remove that person from working around you.
(CONT)

3. Develop thicker skin. Some people will never


listen to reason, no matter what. In these situations,
the best you can do is just deal with the prejudice. Try
to avoid working with or being around that person.
Don't let their uneducated, inconsiderate thoughts get
to you. Be bigger than that.
STIGMA
 Defined as a sign of disgrace or discredit, which sets a
person apart from others.
 The stigma of mental illness, although more often

related to context than to a person's appearance,


remains a powerful negative attribute in all social
relations.
 Stigma is a ‘feeling’ that other people have a bad

opinion of you or do not respect you. there is a stain


placed on your good name .stigmatism describes ”a
process of discrediting an individual or group in the
eyes of other”. A stigma devalues the person rather
than a specific action.
FORMS OF STIGMATIZATION
1/ Name Calling, Finger Pointing;
2/ Labeling, Blaming, Judging, Gossiping;
3/ Making Assumptions, Suspecting;
4/ Neglecting, Rejecting, Isolating,
Separation, not Sharing Utensils, Hiding,
Staying at a distance;
5/ Harassment, all the way to Physical
Violence and Sexual Abuse.
DISCRIMINATION
 Refers to negative behavior or actions based on prejudice and to
actions taken against a person or group because of perceived
difference such as race, religion or disability.
 3 forms of discrimination

1. Segregation

2. Rejection

3. violence

are as is any action that treats a person or group of


people differently from anyone else.
_it is prejudice in action_
Unfair treatment of a person or group based of prejudice ;generally
refers to treating one group of people worse than another based on
their ethnicity, gender, disability, age, political views or another
personal characteristic.
STEREOTYPE
A stereotype is a simplified assumption about a group based
on prior experience or beliefs.

Stereotypes can be positive(“women are warm and


nurturing”)
or
negative(“teenagers are lazy”).

Stereotypes can not only lead to faulty beliefs, but they can
also result in both prejudice and discrimination.
STIGMA BRINGS EXPERIENCES AND FEELING
OF:

 Shame

 Blame

 Hopelessness

 Distress

 Misrepresentation in the media


 Reluctance to seek and/or accept

necessary help
EFFECTS OF STIGMA

 People with HIV/AIDS often face the following effects of


social stigma:
 Shame, denial, loneliness, loss of hope, depression,

isolation, self-rejection, self-blame, self-hatred, and violence –


including suicide
 Withdrawal from public activities (e.g. church or mosque

membership)
 Being forced to leave the community, kicked out of the

family, fired from Work;


 Discrimination from social events;
EFFECTS OF STIGMA

 An attempt to hide their status, making it harder for them to


obtain help.
 A lowered self-esteem, belief that no one else will befriend or

hire the because of their status.


 Declining school performance or dropping out of school

 Neglecting care or rejecting care.


EFFECTS OF STIGMA
In the longer term, the family may also be impacted in
the
following way:
 Conflicts within the family, divorce or separation

 Heavy burden on the care givers (usually women)

 Loss of income

 A lowered quality of life for all family member

 Children drop out of school because of lack of money

or
the need to help care for an infected family member.
 Children may become orphans.
STIGMA REDUCTION
STRATEGIES
Structural
Individual level(institutio
Social level nal/government
level(intra &
personal) al)
• Treatment • Education • Legal/ policy
• Care &support intervention
• Contact
• Counselling • Institutional
• Self help
• protest intervention/
groups • advocacy Right based
• Community
based approach
rehabilitation
STRATEGIES/SOLUTIONS TO ADDRESS
STIGMA AND DISCRIMINATION

Below is a list of some suggested strategies to reduce stigma and discrimination:


1/ Encourage setting up of associations for people who are living with HIV/AIDS.

2/ Creating more outreach programs and efforts to reach those especially at risk
to educate them about HIV/AIDS.

3/ Promoting dialogue and exchanges between groups of people living with


HIV/AIDS to share ideas and experiences.

4/ Informing persons with HIV/AIDS about the availability of care and


services for people living with AIDS
5/ Educating the community about the lives of those living with
HIV/AIDS.
6/ Undertaking advocacy to improve services and reduce
discrimination in health and other services to persons with
HIV/AIDS.
7/. Informing and showing of educational films on HIV/AIDS for the
stigma that exists in the community.
8/ Involving the whole community in discussing and identifying
forms of stigma and discrimination to persons with HIV/AIDS.
9/ Monitoring rights in legislation.
10/ Working with the media to play an active role in combating
HIV/AIDS based stigma and discrimination in the society
11/ Working with the media to encourage positive portrayals of
people with HIV/AIDS.

12/ Bringing together people living with HIV/AIDS, with


religious and traditional leaders to discuss stigma and
discriminate.

13/ Increasing self-esteem through provision of micro credit to


people living with HIV/AIDS.

14/ Increasing self esteem by teaching a skill to those living in


poverty with HIV/AIDS.

15/ Educating those living with HIV/AIDS and ensuring that


they have a voice and can communicate with others .

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