History Kita Zayin

The Romans

Mrs Antian
Enquiry Question: What did the
Romans do for us?
 0
1
Introduction
to the Roman
Empire
Mrs Antian
In this unit we will
learn about:
1. Growth of the Roman empire
2. The Roman Army
3. Roman slaves and gladiators
4. How healthy were the Romans?
5. Jews in the Roman empire
6. What did the Romans do for us?
 Lesson 1
Learning
Objectives
● Know who the Romans were and
where the Roman empire was
located
● Understand why the Romans
wanted an empire
 Key Words
Empire - An empire is a group of countries
controlled by one government or person. This could
be an Emperor (male leader) or Empress (female
leader).

Provinces - An area of the Roman empire that was

outside of Italy

Republic - When people vote for who should be

their leader

Roman - A person who lived in the Roman empire in

ancient times

Trade - The buying and selling of goods and services

18/5/25 Rome: The Rise of
an Empire
Starter: What do you
already know about the
Romans?

You have 2 minutes to

write (individually or in
pairs) any words,
names, or images they
associate with the
Romans.
Starter: Spot all the
anachronisms
 The city of Rome was created when
seven villages in Italy came together in
How did the 6th century B.C.E.. Then there were
4 stages of expansion:
Rome • 1 – Rome takes over Italy
• 2 – Rome fights Carthage (N. Africa)
start off? • 3 – Rome takes over areas in the
eastern Mediterranean
• 4 – Rome takes over larger areas in
Africa and Asia
 The 3 Different Stages of
Development of Rome
Stage Type Start End Who ruled?
1 Roman 753 509 Ruled by kings
Kingdom B.C.E. B.C.E.
2 Roman 509 27 B.C.E. Representative
Republic B.C.E. democracy
3 Roman 31 B.C.E. 476 C.E. Ruled by
Empire emperors
218 BCE
100 BC
44 BCE
14 CE
54 CE
116 CE
Complete activities
1-2 on your sheet
EXTENSION: Match the Roman name to the
modern name
Roman Name Modern Name
Britannia Turkey and Iran
Gaul Germany and Switzerland
Hispania Britain
Mauritania Israel, Jordan and Syria
Germania Tunisia and Libya
Dacia France, Belgium and Holland
Arabia Morocco and Algeria
Cyreneacia Spain and Portugal
EXTENSION: Match the Roman name to the
modern name
Roman Name Modern Name
Britannia Turkey and Iran
Gaul Germany and Switzerland
Hispania Britain
Mauritania Israel, Jordan and Syria
Germania Tunisia and Libya
Dacia France, Belgium and Holland
Arabia Morocco and Algeria
Asia Romania, Greece, Serbia and Bulgaria
Cyreneacia Spain and Portugal
 Answers
As the population of R_________ grew l_________ the Romans needed
to t________ with many countries for f________ and other g________.
The Roman a________ gradually began c________ (or defeating) other
countries. These countries were known as the p_________.
People in many of the provinces were given a form of Roman
c_________ if they agreed to f_________ for Rome. In this way the
Romans i_________ their armies and made a_________ (or friends) of
people who once had been their e________.
Enquiry Question: What did the
Romans do for us?
 Lesson 1
Learning
Objectives
● Know who the Romans were and
where the Roman empire was
located
● Understand why the Romans
wanted an empire
23/9/24 The Reasons that the Romans Wanted an
Empire
Summarize in
bullet points
the reasons
that Rome
wanted an
empire using
the sheet
Reasons for Roman
Expansion
• Increased wealth
• Increased types of goods
• Feed the population of Rome
• Control of hostile neighbours
• Ample supply of slaves
Plenary
1) Using a pencil, draw the outline of
your hand (just one hand)
2) Then inside each finger write a
new fact you have learnt about
the Romans so far OR questions
have about Roman life
3) Inside your thumb write what you
think we are going to learn next!
Enquiry Question: What did the
Romans do for us?
 0
2
The Roman
Army
Mrs Antian
 Lesson 2
Learning
Objectives
● To understand why the Roman
army was so successful
● To explore why men would want to
join the Roman army
Key Words
Barbarian – people from other
countries/other armies
Citizen - A person who legally belongs to a
country and has full rights
Legionaries - were the elite (very best)
soldiers
Auxiliaries - was soldiers who were not
Roman citizens.
Centurion - a soldier in the Roman army
responsible for the command of one
hundred men.
Legion- was the largest unit (group) of the
Roman army
Starter: What makes a
sports team successful?
 Why was the
Roman Army so
Successful?
Activity: Put the information
cards into the right categories.

Extension: What 3 cards are

most important in showing why
the Roman Army were so
successful?
Extension: Who did the Roman
Army want as its soldiers?
“A young man
should have alert The Roman Army wanted…
eyes and should
hold his head
upright. He should I know that the Roman Army
be broad chested wanted this, because the source
with powerful says…
shoulders and
arms. He should
not be pot bellied In my opinion, this would have
or have a fat made the Roman Army strong
bottom! His calves because…
 Why join the
army?
● You could earn a good reliable wage
● Uniform, weapons and equipment all
provided
● If you were brave you were rewarded
with a crown
● You could earn extra money by
robbing those you defeated
● Travel the world
● While you are in the army, part of your
wages would be saved so you could
retire in comfort
● You would become fit, strong and
brave - you can impress women!
 Legion made up of 5000 men

Divided in to 10 cohorts

One cohort was made up of six centuries

Each century
had 80 men
80 80 80 80 80 80
Training for
the Roman
Army
Read through the
double sided
information sheet.

Then create a
flowchart that shows
the different stages of
being trained in the
Roman army.
Two Types of Roman Soldiers
Legionaries Auxiliaries
 Two Types of Roman Soldiers
Legionaries Auxiliaries
• Had to be a Roman • Not citizens of Rome
citizen • Given the most
• Elite forces dangerous jobs
• Had to be physically • Second class soldiers
fit and 1.6m tall • Paid less and not
• Stayed in the army for trained as well
25 years • After 25 years- they
became citizens
Uniform of Roman
Soldiers
Use the information to correctly
label the blanks of the Roman
soldier.

Extension: Discuss with your

partner which part of the
uniform was the best for
defending the soldier from
attack.
Plenary
Summarise in one sentence why the
Roman army was so successful and
able to expand from Britain to Iran.
Websites for Students re
Roman Army Homework

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zqbnfg8#z7mbg7h

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/z6qt7yc#zgm33j6

https://www.historyskills.com/classroom/year-7/year-7-roman-army
-reading/

https://www.historyskills.com/classroom/year-7/roman-soldier-daily
-life/

https://youtu.be/OToh53wFh6c
Source A

Question 1:

With reference to source A, identify

three ways in which Roman soldiers
were able to fight effectively in battle
(3 marks)

● This question will test your

understanding of a source
and you will need to make three
points.
● Each relevant point will receive
one mark.
 Question 2:

Using source B and your own knowledge,

Source B explain why the Roman army was so
successful in wars (4 marks)

● This question will test how well you

can apply your knowledge to a
source.
● You should make two points backed
up with evidence.
● If you do not include your own
knowledge then you can only be
awarded a maximum of 3 marks
Enquiry Question: What did the
Romans do for us?
 0
3
Roman
Slaves
Mrs Antian
 Lesson 3
Learning
Objectives
● Know the different jobs of Roman
slaves
● Understand how slaves were
treated in the Roman empire
● To evaluate if slaves were treated
badly or not during the Roman
empire
Starter:
1) What can you see in this
clip?
2) Where is it taking place?
3) Who are the characters?
4) When is it taking place?
Background to Roman
Slavery
● Depending on the times, from 20%
to 40% of people in Ancient Rome
were believed to have been slaves.
● Rich men could own up to 500
slaves and an emperor would have
as many as 20,000 slaves at his
disposal.
Activity 1: The Different
Jobs of Roman Slaves

● Read the document “The Jobs of

Roman Slaves.”
● Make a list in your notebook of the
different jobs that a Roman slave
might have.
Source A - Roman Question 1:
mosaic from
Tunisia. 2/3rd
century A. D. With reference to source A, identify
three jobs that a Roman slave might
have.
(3 marks)

● This question will test your

understanding of a source
and you will need to make three
points.
● Each relevant point will receive
one mark.
Activity 2: How were
Roman Slaves Treated
by their Masters?
Step 1: You will be given 1 source
(there are 5 in total) and a blank chart.
Step 2: Go round the room and teach
other students about your source and
vise versa. Fill in your chart.
Step 3: Repeat.
 Model Answer
What does this source tell you about how Does this source tell you that slaves were
Source
Roman slaves were treated? treated well or badly? Explain your reason.
A The slaves are dressed in This source shows that slaves
clean clothes and appear were treated well because the
healthy and strong. They are slaves appear to be in good
carrying food and drink which physical condition
does not seem to be too
heavy.
 What does this source tell you Does this source tell you that slaves were treated
Source about how Roman slaves were well or badly? Explain your reason.
treated?

4
 Essay Plan
‘Being a slave in Roman times must have
been a terrible experience’. How far do you
agree?
Reasons to agree Reasons to disagree
with the statement with the statement
 ESSAY: ‘Being a slave in Roman times must have been
a terrible experience’. How far do you agree?
Introduction - Set the scene in about 2-3 sentences: What is a slave? When
was the Roman times?
Paragraph 1 - It can be argued that being a slave in Roman times was a
terrible experience because ……….This can be proven by the fact that…..My
second reason for asserting that being a slave in Roman times must have been
a terrible experience is because….. This is evident from….
Paragraph 2 - However, it can also be argued that being a slave in Roman
times was not a terrible experience because……… This is apparent by the fact
that….My second reason being a slave in Roman times was not a terrible
experience is because…. This is illustrated by the fact that….
Conclusion - In conclusion, I strongly/partially agree/disagree with the
statement that being a slave in Roman times must have been a terrible
Enquiry Question: What did the
Romans do for us?
 0
4
Gladiators

Mrs Antian
Enquiry Question: What did the
Romans do for us?
 Lesson 4
Learning
Objectives
● Know what a gladiator was
● To understand what the life of a
gladiator was like
● Evaluate if gladiators led
gruesome lives
 Key Words
Gladiator – Professional fighters in
Ancient Rome
Chariot - two-wheeled and horse-
drawn vehicle of ancient times used in
battle and also in races and parades
Colosseum - A large stadium built in
Rome during the Roman empire
Who were the
Gladiators?
There were different types of gladiators and special
schools were set up to train ordinary men as gladiators:
● some were enslaved people
● some were criminals whose punishment was to
fight
● others were volunteers who may have volunteered
to make money or to achieve celebrity status

The prize money won by any enslaved gladiators went

to their master, or owner. They may have given some
of the money to the gladiator. People who were no
longer enslaved were able to keep any prize money for
themselves.
What was the life of a
gladiator like?
Activity 1: Read
through the sheet
“The Life of a
Roman Gladiator”
and answer the
questions in your
notebook.
 FOCUS: How gruesome
(horrible/disgusting/grisl
y) was the life of a
Roman gladiator?
How gruesome was the
life of a Roman
gladiator?
Step 1: Cut out all the cards and lay them
out flat on your desk.
Step 2: Place all the cards on the spectrum
of gruesomeness.
Step 3: Draw a circle on the spectrum for
how gruesome you think the life of a
gladiator was. Be prepared to explain your
answer.
 Question 1:
Source A

With reference to source A, identify

three ways in which Roman
gladiators kept themselves healthy
(3 marks)

● This question will test your

understanding of a source
and you will need to make three
points.
● Each relevant point will receive
one mark.
 Question 2:

Using source B and your own knowledge,

explain why Roman men became
gladiators
(4 marks)

● This question will test how well you

can apply your knowledge to a
source.
● You should make two points backed
up with evidence.
Source B: Painting of Roman ● If you do not include your own
gladiators by Jean-Leon Gerome
knowledge then you can only be
awarded a maximum of 3 marks
Plenary
 ESSAY: ‘Being a Gladiator in Roman times must have
been a terrible experience’. How far do you agree?
Introduction - Set the scene in about 2-3 sentences: What is a gladiator?
When was the Roman times?
Paragraph 1 - It can be argued that being a gladiator in Roman times was a
terrible experience because ……….This can be proven by the fact that…..My
second reason for asserting that being a gladiator in Roman times must have
been a terrible experience is because….. This is evident from….
Paragraph 2 - However, it can also be argued that being a gladiator in Roman
times was not a terrible experience because……… This is apparent by the fact
that….My second reason being a gladiator in Roman times was not a terrible
experience is because…. This is illustrated by the fact that….
Conclusion - In conclusion, I strongly/partially agree/disagree with the
statement that being a gladiator in Roman times must have been a terrible
 0
5
How healthy
were the
Romans?
Mrs Antian
Enquiry Question: What did the
Romans do for us?
 Lesson 5
Learning
Objectives
● Know how the Romans were able
to stay healthy
● Understand why the Romans
wanted to keep the empire
healthy
 Key Words

Aqueduct - Large system for carrying

water from one place to another

Public health - Efforts to keep a

whole community healthy
 Ancient Rome Background
Public health is the measures
taken by a government to look
after the health of its people.
The basic rule is “Fresh Water
OUT, Bad Water OUT!”
Today we expect to have a
toilet and a bath, to have a
ready supply of running water
and waste removed. These
services are part of public
Although the Egyptians and Greeks promoted hygienic
health.
lifestyles, the Romans had a system of public health
 Was the Army Helpful Towards
Health?
By the 2nd
century AD,
the Romans
controlled much
of Western
Europe. To
control this huge
empire, Rome
used a vast,
highly-trained
The Romans knew that to be able to
army.
take new lands and defend their
territory, its soldiers needed to be
 Was the Army Helpful Towards
Health?
Task 1: Read the short
paragraphs about the
army.
Task 2: Now, complete
these sentences in
your book.
1) The army was
important to Rome
because…
2) The army were well
looked after. Most
How Did the Romans Improve Public
Health?

How might
these have
helped public
health?
How Did the Romans Improve Public
Health?
How might
these have
helped public
health?
How Did the Romans Improve Public
Health?
Task: Using the information booklet, complete the
worksheet to show how the Romans’ use of water led
to massive improvements in public health.
Extension:
Which of the
inventions would
have had the
biggest impact
on public health?

Explain your
 Let’s Review!
Which was the most effective method of providing
public health? Task: Draw the graph to show
importance.Aqueducts
The higher up
Public
Lavatories the point on
Public Baths
the line, the
You more
r important it
Here are two
was.
turn
examples.
!
Drinking Your teacher
Fountains Sewers
will click 3
Extension: Does this source
prove that Rome was healthy
or not?
Source A:

Most of the city is propped up with planks to stop it collapsing. Your landlord
stands in front of cracks that have been there for years and says ‘Sleep well’,
although he knows that the house itself may not last the night.
I wish I lived where there were no fires, no midnight panics. Where I do not
have to sleep next to the pigeon’s nest, with only tiles between me and the
rain.

The Roman writer Juvenal complaining about housing in Rome in the 1st
century
 Source A

Question 1:

“Public bath houses were places of

business. Many complexes had large
With reference to source A, identify
waiting areas in the atrium that were three ways in which the Romans
made for wealthy Roman patrons to
do business with their clients. The
used public bath houses.
public bath houses quickly became a (3 marks)
meeting space for Romans to conduct
business transactions, socialize and
gossip. Some of the biggest imperial ● This question will test your
bath-houses even had libraries for
patrons to visit, as well as food and understanding of a source
drink vendors and purveyors of many and you will need to make three
other goods in order to entertain the
Roman guest. It was not uncommon points.
for a Roman to spend his whole day at
● Each relevant point will receive
the baths, shopping, exercising,
conducting business with clients, and one mark.
finally, bathing.”
 Question 2:

Using source B and your own knowledge,

explain why Roman public health was poor
(4 marks)

● This question will test how well you

can apply your knowledge to a
source.
● You should make two points backed
up with evidence.
● If you do not include your own
Source B: Painting of the Roman
hero Aeneas receiving treatment knowledge then you can only be
for a leg wound (possibly the awarded a maximum of 3 marks
removal of an arrowhead),
Pompeii (79 CE)
 ESSAY: ‘The Romans should be remembered for being
very healthy ’. How far do you agree?
Introduction - Set the scene in about 2-3 sentences: What does it mean to be
healthy? When was the Roman times? Who were the Romans?
Paragraph 1 - It can be argued that the Romans should be remembered for
being very healthy because ……….This can be proven by the fact that…..My
second reason for asserting that the Romans should be remembered for being
healthy is because….. This is evident from….
Paragraph 2 - However, it can also be argued that the Romans were not bery
healthy because……… This is apparent by the fact that….My second reason
that the Romans should not be remembered for not being very healthy is
because…. This is illustrated by the fact that….
Conclusion - In conclusion, I strongly/partially agree/disagree with the
statement that the Romans should be remembered as being very healthy
Plenary - Tell me three
things
● you have learnt today
● you have done well
● the group has done well
● you would like to find out more
about
● you know now that you didn’t know
50 minutes ago
 0
8 in
The Jews
the Roman
Empire
Mrs Antian
Enquiry Question: What did the
Romans do for us?
 Lesson 8
Learning
Objectives
● Know how Romans dealt with the
Jews in the Roman Empire
Key Words
Starter
1. Who do you think
made this monument?

2. What seems to be
happening in this
sculpture?

3. Where is it taking
place?

4. When was it created?

5. Why do you think it

Activity:

Read through the information pages and

highlight:

- How Romans dealt with most

religions of other people
- How they dealt with the special
challenge posed by the Jews
Questions
1. What methods did Rome use to win over the diverse
people in its empire? How did Rome deal with the
problem of diverse religions?

2. What challenge did the Jews present to the Roman

Empire? How did Rome deal with the Jews?

3. Two major conflicts between Rome and the Jews are

described in the article. How did these conflicts
arise? What were their consequences?
 0
What 9
did the
Romans do
for us?
Mrs Antian
 Lesson 8
Learning
Objectives
● Know what things the Romans left
for us
● Evaluate which was the most
important thing that the Romans
left us
 Key Word
Legacy - Something which is handed down
from one time period to another period of
time
Starter: Watch the
following clip and
write down as many
Roman inventions as
you can
Pair Work - Main Activity:
1.Around the room are cards which
tell you about something that the
Romans left for us.
2.You will have one minute to add
to the list in your notebook the
other things that the Romans did
for us.
3.Your notebook must stay on your
desk as you do this!!
Ranking Activity

In pairs choose
nine of the most
Most important
important
inventions.

Write them in the

shape of a
diamond ranking
them from most
Least
important to least
Plenary: Put your post it
note on the most important
part of the Roman legacy
GLASS CLEAN WATER LANGUAGE

COINS PUBLIC HEATED STINGING

BATHS NETTLES
ROADS PUBLIC GREEN FIREMEN &
SPACES POLICE
CATS CEMENT FRUITS AND
VEGETABLES
THE CALENDAR STREET LIBRARIES
CLEANERS
 ESSAY: ‘The Romans should be remembered with a
positive legacy’. How far do you agree?
Introduction - Set the scene in about 2-3 sentences: What is a legacy? When
was the Roman times? Who were the Romans?
Paragraph 1 - It can be argued that the Romans should be remembered with a
positive legacy because ……….This can be proven by the fact that…..My second
reason for asserting that the Romans should be remembered with a positive
legacy is because….. This is evident from….
Paragraph 2 - However, it can also be argued that the Romans did in fact
have a negative legacy because……… This is apparent by the fact that….My
second reason that the Romans should not be remembered in a positive way is
because…. This is illustrated by the fact that….
Conclusion - In conclusion, I strongly/partially agree/disagree with the
statement that the Romans should be remembered with a positive legacy