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VSS Lecture 3 (1)

Virtualization is the abstraction of computer resources, allowing consistent access regardless of physical configuration or location. It transforms how computing services are delivered, enhancing resource utilization and management while enabling cloud computing. The document outlines various categories of virtualization, including infrastructure, system, software, hardware, data, and cloud virtualization, highlighting their significance in modern IT environments.

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3 views23 pages

VSS Lecture 3 (1)

Virtualization is the abstraction of computer resources, allowing consistent access regardless of physical configuration or location. It transforms how computing services are delivered, enhancing resource utilization and management while enabling cloud computing. The document outlines various categories of virtualization, including infrastructure, system, software, hardware, data, and cloud virtualization, highlighting their significance in modern IT environments.

Uploaded by

jannatimtiaz288
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Understanding

Virtualization
Virtualization

Virtualization is an abstraction of computer resources. We can access resources


in a consistent way before and after abstraction through virtualization. This kind
of resource abstraction is not limited by implementation, geographical location,
or the underlying physical configuration.
Nature of Virtualization
Previous computing system or components that run in real
environment are now running in virtual environment
Understanding Virtualization

• We are in the midst of a substantial change in the way computing services


are provided.
• As a consumer, you surf the Web on your cell phone, get directions from a
GPS device, and stream movies and music from the cloud.
• At the heart of these services is virtualization—the ability to abstract a
physical server into a virtual machine.
Describing Virtualization

• Virtualization is a disruptive technology, shattering the status quo of how


physical computers are handled, services are delivered, and budgets are
allocated.
• The word virtual has undergone a change in recent years.
• Not the word itself, of course, but its usage has been expanded in conjunction
with the expansion of computing, especially with the widespread use of the
Internet and smart phones.
• Online applications have allowed us to shop in virtual stores, examine
potential vacation spots through virtual tours, and even keep our virtual books
in virtual libraries.
Describing Virtualization
• Virtualization
in computing often refers to the abstraction of some physical
component into a logical object.
• By virtualizing an object, you can obtain some greater measure of utility from
the resource the object provides.
• For example, virtual LANs (local area networks), or VLANs, provide greater
network performance and improved manageability by being separated from
the physical hardware.
• Likewise, storage area networks (SANs) provide greater flexibility, improved
availability, and more efficient use of storage resources by abstracting the
physical devices into logical objects that can be quickly and easily manipulated.
History

• The first mainstream virtualization was done on IBM mainframes in the


1960s, but Gerald J. Popek and Robert P. Goldberg codified the framework
that describes the requirements for a computer system to support
virtualization.
• By their definition, a virtual machine (VM) can virtualize all of the
hardware resources, including processors, memory, storage, and network
connectivity. A virtual machine monitor (VMM), which today is commonly
called a hypervisor, is the software that provides the environment in which
the VMs operate.
Development of virtualization technology

• The virtual machine technology firstly appeared in the last 60’s in order to
improve the utilization rate of precious computing resources impel the
wide study and use of virtual machine technology.
• In the 80’s and 90’s with the popularization of multitask and multiuser
operating system and the decline in the cost of hardware virtual machine
technology could not develop its advantage people cooled down their study
enthusiasm for it.
Development of virtualization technology

Now,
Based on the high performance of the computer hardware;
• how to reduce system cost and improve system resource utilization rate
• how to reduce management cost
• how to enhance the safety and reliability
• how to improve portability, and increase software development efficiency
IT Resource Allocation Mode of Traditional Data
Center
“The Chimney Structure”
Defects of Traditional Chimney
Data Center
Defects of Traditional Chimney
Data Center

• Defect 1: According to the statistics, the average server utilization in data center
is below 30%, but there is still a considerable number of servers that cannot
meet their service level objectives.
• Defect 2: The deployment of a new application needs budget, procurement,
installation and tests, product launching, and other processes, and the cycle will
be over a period of weeks to months, so it is difficult to respond to the business
needs timely.
• Defect 3: The number of servers and management costs have a linear
relationship with the number of applications, so there is enormous pressure on
IT management and cost.
“Iceberg Model”
Cost structure of traditional data center
IT Infrastructure development in data center
Three stages
On-demand data center
On-demand data center
Three fundamental abstractions are necessary to describe the operation of a
computing system:
(1) interpreters/processors, (2) memory, (3) communications links
As the scale of a system and the size of its users grow, it becomes very
challenging to manage its resources.
Resource management issues:
• Provision for peak demands → overprovisioning
• Heterogeneity of hardware and software
• Machine failures
On-demand data center

Virtualization is a basic enabler of Cloud Computing, it simplifies the


management of physical resources for the three abstractions.
For example,
• The state of a virtual machine (VM) running under a virtual machine monitor
(VMM) can be saved and migrated to another server to balance the load.
• Virtualization allows users to operate in environments they are familiar
with, rather than forcing them to specific ones.
Cloud resource Virtualization

Cloud resource virtualization is important for:


• Performance isolation
• As we can dynamically assign and account for resources across different applications

• System security:
• As it allows isolation of services running on the same hardware

• Performance and reliability:


• As it allows applications to migrate from one platform to another

• The development and management of services offered by a provider


Categories of Virtualization

Following are the common categories of virtualization;


1. Infrastructure Virtualization
2. System Virtualization
3. Software Virtualization
4. Hardware Virtualization
5. Data Virtualization
6. Cloud Virtualization
Categories of Virtualization…

Infrastructure Virtualization:
Network Virtualization: Integrate network hardware resources with software
resources to provide users with virtualization technology of virtual network
connection. It can be divided into VLAN and VPN.
Storage Virtualization: Provide an abstract logical view of physical storage
device, so the user can access the integrated storage resources through unified
logical interface of this view. It can be divided into storage device-based storage
virtualization (e.g., RAID) and network-based storage virtualization (e.g., NAS,
SAN).
Categories of Virtualization…

System Virtualization:
Core idea: Create one or more virtual machines using virtualization software
on a physical machine.
PC/Server Virtualization: The maximum value of system virtualization.
Desktop Virtualization: Solve the coupling relationship between PC desktop
environment (including applications and files, etc.) and physical machines.
Virtualized desktop environment is stored on a remote server, and when the user
has a compatible device with sufficient display ability (e.g., PC, Smartphones,
etc.), all the programs and data will eventually be stored in the remote server.
Categories of Virtualization…

Software Virtualization
The High-level language virtualization: Solve the migration problem of executable
programs between different architectures. Programs which are written in high-level language
will be compiled into standard intermediate instructions, and these instructions will be
executed during interpretation or compiled environment (such as Java virtual machine
JVM).
Application Virtualization: Decouple applications from operation systems, and provide a
virtual running environment for applications, including application executable files and
required runtime environment. Application virtualization server can push user-required
program components to the client virtual running environment timely (such as VMWare
ThinApp).
Categories of Virtualization…

Hardware Virtualization
Uses a hypervisor to create and manage virtual machines, allowing multiple operating
systems to run on a single hardware platform (e.g., VMware ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-
V).
Data Virtualization
Integrates data from multiple sources, providing a unified view of data without
requiring physical data movement.
Cloud Virtualization
Virtualizes computing, storage, and networking resources in cloud environments to
provide scalable, on-demand services (e.g., AWS, Azure, Google Cloud).

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