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The document discusses the particle model of matter, illustrating how the behavior of water molecules changes from solid (ice) to liquid as they gain kinetic energy from their surroundings. It emphasizes the differences in particle arrangement and movement in solids versus liquids, highlighting that particles in liquids have more freedom to flow. Additionally, it explains the role of temperature in the melting process and the fundamental nature of matter being composed of atoms and molecules.

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Pauline Joy Fronda
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38 views12 pages

week 1 day 3

The document discusses the particle model of matter, illustrating how the behavior of water molecules changes from solid (ice) to liquid as they gain kinetic energy from their surroundings. It emphasizes the differences in particle arrangement and movement in solids versus liquids, highlighting that particles in liquids have more freedom to flow. Additionally, it explains the role of temperature in the melting process and the fundamental nature of matter being composed of atoms and molecules.

Uploaded by

Pauline Joy Fronda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Essential Questions:

• How do the characteristics of the plum


pudding model, the bohr model, and the
rutherford model help us understand
the behavior of particles within atoms?
• What similarities and differences do you
notice between the arrangement of
particles within atoms and the behavior
of particles in different states of
LESSON 3: PARTICLE
MODEL OF MATTER
TOM’S WORLD
Tom is in his kitchen, preparing a
cold drink on a warm summer day.
He decides to make a refreshing iced
tea and starts by filling a glass with
ice cubes from the freezer. As he
watches the ice cubes melt, he
reflects on the particle model of
Tom begins by taking a few ice cubes
out of the freezer. He notices that the
ice cubes are solid and have a defined
shape and volume. He explains that in
their solid state, the water molecules
in the ice are tightly packed together
and arranged in a regular pattern
Tom places the ice cubes in the glass
and observes as they start to melt. He
notices that as the ice cubes come
into contact with the warmer air and
the glass, they gradually begin to
change from solid to liquid. He
explains that the heat from the
surroundings is transferring energy to
the ice cubes,
Causing the water molecules to gain
enough kinetic energy to overcome the
attractive forces holding them together
in the solid lattice.
As the ice cubes continue to melt, tom
observes that liquid water collects at the
bottom of the glass. He explains that in the
liquid state, the water molecules are still
close together but have more freedom to
move past one another. This illustrates
another aspect of the particle model: the
ability of particles in a liquid to flow and
take the shape of their container.
How does the behavior of the water
molecules in the ice cubes change as
they transition from a solid to a liquid
state?
• As ice melts into water, kinetic energy is being
added to the particles. This causes them to be
'excited' and they break the bonds that hold
them together as a solid, resulting in a change
of state: solid -> liquid.
Why does the temperature of the
surroundings play a crucial role in the
melting process of the ice cubes?
• The temperature of the surroundings is crucial in the ice
cube melting process because
:
• Heat energy from the surroundings causes the ice
molecules to move faster, breaking the hydrogen bonds and
forming liquid water.
• Melting is a cooling process, so the ice cube retains its
coldness and solidity longer at the center.
• Heat transfer over a finite temperature difference is
What evidence in tom's observations
supports the idea that particles in a
liquid have more freedom to move than
those in a solid?

ability to flow and take the shape of


their container.
All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms or molecules.
Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of elements, while
molecules consist of two or more atoms chemically bonded
together.
Particles are constantly in motion: ▪ in solids, particles vibrate in
place. ▪ In liquids and gases, particles move from one location to
another.
In solids, particles are closely packed with minimal space
between them.
In liquids and gases, particles have more space between them.
As temperature increases, particle motion speeds up.
Higher kinetic energy leads to faster vibrations and movement of
particles.

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