The document discusses the concepts of weather and climate, highlighting the role of meteorology in studying atmospheric conditions. It explains various weather types, elements, and the responsibilities of PAGASA in the Philippines for weather forecasting and disaster preparedness. Additionally, it outlines the differences between weather and climate, along with examples and activities related to understanding these concepts.
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Weather 1
The document discusses the concepts of weather and climate, highlighting the role of meteorology in studying atmospheric conditions. It explains various weather types, elements, and the responsibilities of PAGASA in the Philippines for weather forecasting and disaster preparedness. Additionally, it outlines the differences between weather and climate, along with examples and activities related to understanding these concepts.
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Natural disasters like
earthquakes and volcanic
eruptions are part of our environment. But aside from these, we also experience changes in weather every day. Activity: What’s the Weather Like? Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a specific time and place. It can change from hour to hour or day to day. Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere, including weather. It helps in predicting weather patterns. A meteorologist is a scientist who studies and forecasts the weather using various instruments and data. In the Philippines, PAGASA (Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration) is responsible for weather forecasting, flood warnings, and climate studies. It provides real- time updates on weather conditions to help people prepare for natural disasters. Weather Conditions Fine Weather/Sunny – Clear skies with bright sunshine. Fair Weather – Few clouds but mostly sunny. Warm – A slightly hot temperature. Cool – A slightly cold temperature. Windy/Gusty – Strong air movement. Stormy Weather – Strong winds with rain, thunder, or lightning. Rainy Weather – Continuous rain over an extended period. Rain Shower – Sudden but brief rain. Thunderstorm – A storm with lightning and thunder. Weather Elements Temperature refers to how hot or cold the atmosphere is, measured using a thermometer in degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F). Humidity is the amount of water vapor present in the air, measured using a hygrometer. High humidity makes the air feel warmer and can lead to precipitation. Wind is the movement of air caused by differences in atmospheric pressure, measured using an anemometer. It can be gentle (breeze) or strong (gusty winds and storms). Precipitation includes all forms of water, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that fall from clouds to the Earth’s surface. It is measured using a rain gauge. Clouds are visible masses of tiny water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere. They are classified based on their shape and altitude. Climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area. It describes the usual weather conditions of a place and remains relatively stable compared to daily weather changes. Difference Between Weather and Climate Feature Weather Climate Short-term Long-term (over Duration (daily/hourly years) changes) Today is sunny and The Philippines has Example warm. a tropical climate. •Type 1 – Dry season (November to April) and wet season (May to October). •Type 2 – No dry season; rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year. •Type 3 – Short dry season and longer wet season. •Type 4 – Rainfall is evenly distributed, with no significant dry season. Activity: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Number 1 Ana wakes up to a cloudy sky and a cool breeze. By midday, the sun comes out, and it becomes warm. In the afternoon, dark clouds appear, and a thunderstorm begins. What does this situation tell you about the changing nature of weather? A. Weather remains the same throughout the day. B. Weather can change multiple times in a single day. C. The climate of a place changes frequently. D. The seasons are changing rapidly. Number 2 A farmer relies on the dry and wet seasons for planting crops. This year, unexpected heavy rainfall has delayed planting. How does climate affect agricultural activities? A. Farmers can always predict rainfall accurately. B. Crops do not rely on weather patterns. C. Changes in climate can disrupt farming cycles. D. Heavy rainfall does not affect farming. Number 3 PAGASA issues a storm warning predicting strong winds and heavy rain. What should a community do to prepare? A. Ignore the warning and continue daily activities. B. Evacuate if necessary and secure homes. C. Wait until the storm arrives to prepare. D. Go outside to observe the storm closely. Number 4 A tourist is visiting the Philippines and asks about the climate. What would be the best response? A. The Philippines has a tropical climate with a wet and dry season. B. The weather in the Philippines changes every hour. C. The country experiences snow in winter. D. The Philippines has the same temperature as Antarctica. Number 5 The Philippines is known for its tropical climate. Which of the following is a characteristic of this type of climate? A. Extremely cold winters B. Heavy snowfall C. Warm temperatures and high humidity D. Dry conditions year-round