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Cell As A Unit

- Cells are the basic unit of all living things. The human body is made up of trillions of cells that are too small to see without a microscope. - Cells come in two main types - animal cells and plant cells. While they share some similarities, animal cells lack cell walls and chloroplasts that plant cells have. - Organisms can be either unicellular, consisting of just one cell, or multicellular, made of many cells. The human body is a complex multicellular organism composed of many specialized cell types organized into tissues, organs, and organ systems.

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94 views38 pages

Cell As A Unit

- Cells are the basic unit of all living things. The human body is made up of trillions of cells that are too small to see without a microscope. - Cells come in two main types - animal cells and plant cells. While they share some similarities, animal cells lack cell walls and chloroplasts that plant cells have. - Organisms can be either unicellular, consisting of just one cell, or multicellular, made of many cells. The human body is a complex multicellular organism composed of many specialized cell types organized into tissues, organs, and organ systems.

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zerosakura
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CELL AS A UNIT

OF LIFE

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

From this chapter, you will be able to identify that cell is the basic unit of living things. identify, draw, label and state the function of the general structures of animal cells and plant cells. state the similarities and differences between animal and plant cells. state the meaning and give examples of unicellular organisms and multicellular organisms. name the different types of human cells and state their functions. state the functions of different types of human cells. arrange in sequence cell organisation from simple to complex using the terms cell, tissue, organ, system and organism. explain why human beings are complex organisms.

A cell is the basic unit of living things. All living things are made up of one or more cells. Do you know that every human being develops from a single cell? Cells are the smallest living parts in a living thing. Examples : A flat is the basic unit of block of flat. A brick is the basic unit of wall. Some living things are very simple. They are made up of only one cell. Some living things are very complex. The human body is made up of 50 to 60 trillion cells. .

MICROSCOPE
1. Cells are very small. We cannot see them with the naked eye. 2. We need the help of a microscope to see cells. 3. A microscope is a tool that enables us to look at small things which cannot be seen with the naked eye.

Coarse focus knob Fine focus knob

Coarse focus knob Fine focus knob

Stage clip

Keep the slide in position

HANDLING MICROSCOPE
Use both hands to hold microscope- one hand holding the arm and another one supporting the base. Place the microscope down gently in an upright position in well lit area Keep the stage and other part of microscope clean and dry Clean the lenses with tissue paper to avoid scratching them Start viewing specimen with low power objective lens

UNDERSTANDING CELL

ANIMAL CELL

PLANT CELL

DIFFERENCE OF ANIMAL CELL AND PLANT CELL

EXERCISES

Do the exercise 2.1 from text book page 45

UNICELLULAR AND MULTICELLULAR


ORGANISM

Living things is also called as organism Organism can be divided into unicellular organism and multicellular organism
Unicellular organism is Organism made up of one cell (uni means 1) They can only be seen under microscope They usually live in water (aquatic) They carry out life process such as feeding, growing and breathing Usually called unicellular microorganism Examples in plant is chlamydomonas & yeast Examples in animal is amoeba and paramecium Multicellular organism is organism made up of more than one cell (many cell) The examples is : bird, human being and tree Some multicellular organism are very small and need microscope to observe This is called multicellular microorganism The example of multicellular microorganism - in animal is hydra -in plant is spirogyra

UNICELLULAR
MICROORGANISM
AMOEBA

PLANTS

ANIMALS

CHLAMYDOMONAS

YEAST

PARAMECIUM

MULTICELLULAR MICROORGANISM
ANIMAL PLANT

HYDRA SPIROGYRA

DO EXERCISE 2.2 PG 47

HUMAN SPERM CELL *male reproductive cell

NERVE CELL *send information from 1 part to another part of body

EPITHELIAL CELL *form layer on the skin to protect the cell below

HUMAN EGG CELL(ovum) *female reproductive cell

CELL IN HUMAN BODY * Human made up of different types of cell * Each type of cell carries out differences function

FAT CELL *store fat

RED BLOOD CELL *transport oxygen throughout the body

BONE CELL *form bone that support body

WHITE BLOOD CELL *protect the body against diseases such as bacteria

MUSCLE CELL *enable body movement by contracting and relaxing

CELL IN HUMAN BODY

CELL IN HUMAN BODY


* Human made up of different types of cell * Each type of cell carries out differences function

WHITE BLOOD CELL

*protect the body against diseases such as bacteria

ORGANIZATION OF CELL
The human body also have organization The organization of cell in human body is more complex. They are organized to work together to perform different function for the body

Cell

Tissue

Organ

System

Organism

TISSUES

A tissue is a group of similar cells that carry out the same function. Examples:
Tissues Epithelium tissue Function Form a layer on skin or organ to protect cell below them Made up of muscle cell that contract and relaxes to enable movement of the body Carry tissue from 1 part of the body to another part

Muscle tissue

Nervous tissue

Organ: skull, bone

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

To produce hormone to control the bodys activities and development

EXCRETORY SYSTEM

To remove toxic substance from the body


Organ: kidney, urinary bladder

Organ: muscle

Organ: spleen

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

To digest food so it can be absorbed easily and used by the body


Organ: stomach, oesophagus, mouth

NERVOUS SYSTEM

To help the body respond to the change inside and outside the body
Organ: brain, spinal cord

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

To enable gas exchange take place

Organ: lung, trachea, nose

BLOOD CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

To carry oxygen and food to all part of the body

Organ: heart, blood vessel

HUMAN BEING ARE COMPLEX ORGANISM


Human considered to be a complex organisms because they have various types of cells that form tissues, organs and systems. (cell specialization) The complex organization of cell in human body enables the body to carry out life processes

DO EXERCISES 2.3 PG-51 <DO ALL THE QUESTION>

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