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Honors Metric and SN

The document provides an overview of the Metric System, detailing its history, advantages, and units of measurement. It contrasts the Metric System with the English System, highlighting the ease of conversion and universal application of metric units. Additionally, it explains scientific notation and includes examples of converting between standard and scientific forms.

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Alliesa Acuña
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2 views27 pages

Honors Metric and SN

The document provides an overview of the Metric System, detailing its history, advantages, and units of measurement. It contrasts the Metric System with the English System, highlighting the ease of conversion and universal application of metric units. Additionally, it explains scientific notation and includes examples of converting between standard and scientific forms.

Uploaded by

Alliesa Acuña
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to the Metric

System
History

 Created during French Revolution (1790)


 New system of Weights and Measures
created
 Called Systeme International d’Unitès,
 or SI - International System of Units
 Revised periodically
 by
International Bureau of Weight and
Measures
Customary Units of Measurement

 The English System


 a collection of functionally unrelated units
 Difficult to convert from one unit to another
 Ex. 1 ft = 12 inches = 0.33 yard = 1/5280 miles

 Customary Units
 length - inch, foot, yard, mile
 weight/mass - ounce, pound

 volume - teaspoon, cup, quart, gallon

 temperature - degrees Fahrenheit

 time - minutes, hours


Advantages of Using the Metric
System
 Universal
 Simple to use
A few base units make up all
measurements
Advantages of Using the Metric
System
 There is only one unit of measurement for
each type of quantity
 To simplify things, very small and very large
numbers are expressed as multiples of the base
unit.
 Prefixes are used to represent how much smaller or
larger the quantity is compared to the base unit.
 Easy to convert from one unit to another
 shift decimal point right
 shift decimal point left
Advantages of Using the Metric
System
 Same set of prefixes for all units
 Greek - multiples of the base
 kilo - 1000 × the base
 hecto - 100 × the base

 deka - 10 × the base

 Latin - fractions of the base


 deci - tenths of the base
 centi - hundredths of the base

 milli - thousandths of the base

 Mnemonic: “King Henry Doesn’t Usually


Drink Coffee Milk.”
Metric Units of Measurement

 Metric Units
 length – meter (m)
 weight/mass – gram (g)

 volume – liter (L)

 temperature - degrees Celsius (°C)

 time – seconds (s)


Measurement Unit Conversion

 You
can convert between units of
measurement
 withinthe metric system
 between the English system and metric

system
Unit Conversion
 Let your units do the work for
you by simply memorizing
connections between units.
 Example: How many donuts
are in one dozen?
 We say: “Twelve donuts in a
dozen.”
 Or: 12 donuts = 1 dozen
donuts
 What does any number
divided by itself equal?
 ONE!
Unit Conversion
 This fraction is called a unit
factor
 Multiplicationby a unit
factor does not change the
amount - only the unit.
 Example: How many

donuts are in 3.5 dozen?


 You can probably do this in
your head but try it using the
Factor-Label Method.
Unit Conversion Rules
 Startwith the given information…
 Then set up your unit factor…
 See that the original unit cancels out…
 Then multiply and divide all numbers…
Unit Conversion Practice
 Example: Convert 12 gallons to units of
quarts.
Unit Conversion Practice
 Example: Convert 4 ounces to kilograms.
Temperature Conversions
 Conversion Between
Fahrenheit, Celsius, and
Kelvin
 Example:
 Convert 75 ºC to ºF
 Convert -10 ºF to ºC
Scientific Notation
What is Scientific Notation?

 Scientific notation is a way of expressing


really big numbers or really small
numbers in a more concise form.
 It is most often used in “scientific”
calculations where the analysis must be
very precise.
Scientific notation consists of two
parts:
A number between 1 and 10

A power of 10

N x 10x

Are the following in scientific notation?


To change standard form to
scientific notation…
 Place the decimal point so that there is
one non-zero digit to the left of the
decimal point.
 Count the number of decimal places the
decimal point has “moved” from the
original number. This will be the
exponent on the 10.
Continued…

 Ifthe original number was less than 1,


then the exponent is negative. If the
original number was greater than 1, then
the exponent is positive.
Example 1

 Given: 289,800,000
 Use: 2.898 (moved 8 places)
 Answer: 2.898 x 108
Example 2

 Given: 0.000567
 Use: 5.67 (moved 4 places)
 Answer: 5.67 x 10-4
Practice

 Use the link below to practice converting


standard form to scientific notation.

 Converting to Scientific Notation


To change scientific notation to
standard form…
 Simply move the decimal point to the
right for positive exponent 10.
 Move the decimal point to the left for
negative exponent 10.

(Use zeros to fill in places.)


Example 3

 Given: 5.093 x 106


 Answer: 5,093,000 (moved 6 places to
the right)
Example 4

 Given: 1.976 x 10-4


 Answer: 0.0001976 (moved 4 places to
the left)
Practice

 Use the link below to practice converting


scientific notation to standard form.

 Converting to Standard Form


Now take the quiz to test your
scientific notation skills!
 Clickon the link below to take the quiz
and then use the answer key for the
correct answers.
 Quiz

 Answers

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