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Sport Injuries and Fitst Aid

The document provides an overview of first aid for various sports injuries, including sprains, strains, fractures, heat exhaustion, dislocations, and muscle cramps. It emphasizes the R.I.C.E. method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) for managing injuries and outlines specific first aid steps for each type of injury. Additionally, it highlights emergency situations that require immediate medical attention.

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Cher Ann David
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10 views24 pages

Sport Injuries and Fitst Aid

The document provides an overview of first aid for various sports injuries, including sprains, strains, fractures, heat exhaustion, dislocations, and muscle cramps. It emphasizes the R.I.C.E. method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) for managing injuries and outlines specific first aid steps for each type of injury. Additionally, it highlights emergency situations that require immediate medical attention.

Uploaded by

Cher Ann David
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SPORT INJURIES

AND FIRST AID


First Aid is an immediate and
temporary care given to a
person who has been injured
or suddenly taken ill. It
includes self- help and home
care if medical assistance is
not available or delayed.
Objectives of First Aid

1. To alleviate suffering
2. To prevent added/ further
injury of danger
3. To prolong life
SPORT INJURIES
Sprain and Strain

A sprain is caused by torn fibers in a


ligament. Swelling and bruising are
some signs and symptoms while a
strain is a twist, pull or tear of a
muscle of tendon – a cord of tissue
connecting muscles to the bones.
First Aid:

 Apply the R.I.C.E. method.


 Do not apply heat during the first
two days as this will only increase
swelling.
 Use paracetamol for the first day of
injury, to reduce pain without
increasing the bleeding.
 Apply Arnica oil to reduce swelling.
First Aid:

 Remove rings immediately if the


injury is to the hand or fingers.
 After 48 hours, start moving the limp
gently, but only enough not to cause
pain.
 Gradually increase the range of
movement – let pain be your guide.
R.I.C.E. Method

REST. Rest the injured part, especially for the first 24


-48 hours after the injury.

ICE. Apply ice pack or cold compress for 10 -15


minutes as soon as possible after the injury. Repeat
each hour for 3 or 4 hours. Then 4 time a day for the
next 2 to 3 days
R.I.C.E. Method

COMPRESSION. It reduces swelling. Use elastic


bandage for at least 2 days.

ELEVATION. Elevate the injured area whenever you


are sitting or lying down.
Fractures

A fracture is a break in the bone


that can occur from either a
quick, one-time injury to the bone
(acute fracture) or from repeated
stress to the bone overtime
(stress fracture).
First Aid:

Apply the R.I.C.E. method.

Keep the limb in the position you found it


and place soft padding around the broken
bones. Don’t move the broken bones.
Splints must be long enough to extend
beyond joints above and below the fracture.
First Aid:

 If
there is an open fracture, cover it with a
clean gauze pad. Apply pressure to control
bleeding. Don’t try to push the bone back
into the wound and don’t attempt to clean it.
 Get medical attention immediately. Fractures
of the femur and pelvis may cause severe
internal bleeding.
 Don’tgive the person anything to eat or
drink in case surgery is needed.
Heat Exhaustion

Heat Exhaustion is a response


to heat characterized by
fatigue, weakness and collapse
due to inadequate intake of
water to compensate for loss of
fluids during sweating.
First Aid:

• Have the victim lie down with his/ her feet


elevated.
• Keep the victim cool.
• Give him/ her electrolyte beverages to sip or make
a salted drink.
• Monitor the victim for signs of shock.
• If the victim starts having seizures, protect him/her
from injury and give first aid for convulsions.
• If the victim loses consciousness, give first aid for
4. Dislocations

• When the two bones that come


together to form a joint become
separate, the joint is described as
being dislocated. Contact sports such
as football, basketball and lacrosse, as
well as high impact sports that can
result in excessive stretching or falling,
cause the majority of dislocations.
First aid:

• Before the medical care arrives, leave


the joint alone. Attempting to move or jam
a dislocated bone back in can damage blood
vessels, muscles, ligaments, and nerves.
• Put an ice pack covered in a cloth on the
area around the joint. Ice can ease swelling
and pain in and around the joint.
• Use ibuprofen or acetaminophen for pain.
Muscle Cramps

• A muscle cramp is a sudden and


involuntary contraction of one or
more of your muscles mostly in the
leg muscles particularly in the calf.
Besides the sudden, sharp pain, you
might also feel or see a hard lump
of muscle tissue beneath your skin.
First Aid:

• Stretch and massage – lengthen the


cramping muscle using a gentle,
sustained stretch then lightly massage
the area until the cramp subsides.
• Icepack – in cases of severe cramp,
an icepack applied for a few minutes
may help the muscle to relax.
First Aid:

• Medication – some medications can


be helpful to control muscle cramps.
See your doctor for further information.
• Further treatment – see your doctor
if you experience regular muscle
cramping or if cramps last longer than
a few minutes.
EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

Call an ambulance for:


• Prolonged loss of consciousness
• Neck or spine injuries
• Broken bones
• Injuries to the head or face
• *Eye injuries
• *Abdominal injuries
QUIZZ

1-5- What are the five


types of sports injury?
6-9- Give the meaning of
the acronym RICE

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