Final - Material Handling Lecture
Final - Material Handling Lecture
the right material to the right place in the right time, in the right amount, in sequence, and in the right condition to minimize production cost.
The cost of MH estimates 20-25 of total manufacturing labor cost in the United States
[The Material Handling Industry of America
Receiving
Merchandise and materials typically arrive at the
transportation vehicle.
In most warehouses, unloading is manual. Limited automated and mechanized methods.
Receiving
Generally, one or two people unload a shipment. The product is hand-stacked on pallets to form a unit load
more rapidly.
Larger types of
merchandise may be unloaded directly from the car or truck to be moved into the warehouse.
Wooden Pallets
In-storage Handling
In-storage handling consists of all movement within a
warehouse facility.
To position it for storage or order selection.
selection.
trucks when pallets are used or other mechanical traction for larger unit loads.
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selection process.
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Shipping
Shipping consists of checking and loading orders onto
transportation vehicles.
As in receiving, shipping is manually performed in most
systems.
Shipping with unit loads is becoming increasingly popular
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systems are:
Equipment for handling and storage should be as standardized as possible. The system should be designed to provide maximum continuous product flow. Handling equipment should be utilized to the maximum extent possible.
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in mechanized systems.
Generally, labor constitutes a high percentage of overall
Mechanized Systems
Mechanized systems employ a wide range of
handling equipment.
The types of equipment most commonly used are:
Forklift trucks, Walkie-rider pallet trucks, Towlines, Tractor-trailer devices, Conveyors, and
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Forklift Trucks
Forklift trucks can move loads
handling.
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Forklift Trucks
A pallet or slip sheet forms a platform upon which
and are ideal for situations when product is handled only a few times.
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result in optimal utilization of space and labor while maintaining a high safety factor.
Factors to consider when selecting a lift truck:
Fuel Types Lift Capacity and Lift Height Aisle Types Truck Types
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Fuel Types
Electric
Electric vehicles are designed for indoor use only. Advantages are the absence of fumes and their quiet operation.
Gasoline or Diesel
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Fuel Types
LPG Liquid Propane
Advantages of using LP include minimal fumes the ability to quickly change LP tanks
Fuel-cell Technology
hydrogen fuel cell power sources providing the clean-air benefits of electric
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Truck Types
Lift Trucks have come a long way since first being introduced in the early part of the 20th century as can be seen in this early photo of an Ellwell-Parker "Tiering Tructor".
Their original purpose, the efficient movement of materials, however has not changed.
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Truck Types
1- Standard forklift
The standard forklift, also known as a
counterbalanced lift truck It is available with any of the fuel types and tire types as well as numerous weight capacities, lift heights and attachment options.
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Truck Types
2- Reach truck
The reach truck is a narrow aisle truck designed
forks that use a hydraulic scissors-type mechanism that allows you to pick up the load and retract it over the outriggers.
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Truck Types
2- Narrow aisle reach truck
Reach trucks are designed for racking areas only and do not work for loading trucks or quickly moving loads over distances.
Other Names of reach trucks are: Stand-up reach, Straddle reach , Double-deep reach
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Truck Types
2- Reach truck
Narrow aisle truck
Truck Types
3- Motorized pallet truck
Other Names include: Walkie, Walkie-rider,
Rider
They come in "Walkie" versions or "Rider"
versions.
As you would expect the walkie is designed for
the operator to walk along with the truck as they move loads, while the Rider has a small platform which the operator stands on.
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WALKIE TRUCKS
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maneuver-ability make these vehicles a good choice where frequent movement of loads is required.
Options include double
pallet length forks that allow you to move 2 pallets in one trip.
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Truck Types
4- Order selector
Designed specifically for manual handling of less-
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specifically for hand loading less-than-pallet load quantities into and out of selective rack.
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Conveyor Systems
Conveyor Systems
Belt conveyors were moving materials in
shipping/receiving and assembly areas, skate wheel conveyors reduce manual material handling of lightweight items over short distances.
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incorporated into gravity conveyor systems to create a simple low cost semiautomated system.
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Flexible Conveyor
Used extensively in
shipping/receiving operations for package handling, flexible conveyor is usually anchored at one end to fixed gravity or automated conveyor allowing the other end to be expanded and flexed into trailers for loading and unloading.
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a heavy duty version of roller conveyor used for handling pallet loads or larger trays.
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Sortation Systems
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Automated Equipment
While you will need deep pockets for some of this
equipment, the increase in productivity and storage capacity can provide a reasonable ROI in many operations.
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rack, each row has a dedicated retrieval unit that moves vertically and horizontally along the rack picking and putting away loads.
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Mini-load types which store and transfer product on some type of tray or in bins and Unit-load types (shown) which transfer and store pallet loads.
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of an AGV that has added functionality to raise and lower the pallet to different heights.
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