Carding

Click to edit Master subtitle style By M. Naveed Akhtar

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A Cotton Card
A machine that in practice is a system of

rotating organs, mobile and fixed flats, covered with steel spikes that go by the name of wiring

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Card Objectives
Opening the tufts into individual fibres Eliminating all the impurities contained in the

fibre that were not eliminated in the previous cleaning operations Elimination of dust Removal of short fibres Removal of neps Parallelizing and stretching of the fibre Fibre blending Transformation of the lap into a sliver, a regular mass of untwisted fibre strand
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Clothing and Wiring

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Feeding Systems
Lap feed system Chute feed system

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Lap Feeding System

cotton is wound on a rod in Blow room This sheet has about 40 inches width. This sheet is manually sent to the card and then feed This type of feed is very even as each lap is checked before passing through to the card

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Chute Feed System

directly feed to the card by means of air pressure system developed from the blow room The feed to the card in all the chutes must be equally thick, very even and must be of equal density

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Input and Output of a Card

Input cotton lap sheet (bat in case of chute

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Chute Feeder Take r-in Fla ts Main cylinder Doff Cleaning er unit Detaching Apparatus

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Lap

Sliv er

Coiler Head

Ca n

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Actions Performed in Card

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Parts and working principle

1) Pipe ducting for supplying raw material, 2) Chute feed; evenly compress a bat of 500 900 Ktex. 3) Transport roller; forwards the material to feed arrangement, 4) Feed arrangement, consists of feed roller and feed plate, 5) Taker-in, opens the material to small flocks, when the material passes to main cylinder, mote knifes; grid bars and carding segments eliminate a great part of impurities
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6) Grid equipment, 7) Suction duct to carry away the waste 8) Main cylinder 9 and 12) Fixed carding segments designed to assist the carding operation. 10) Flats, The main carding operation occurs between flats and cylinder. Flats comprise 80 to 116 individual carding bars combined into a band moving on an endless path. 30 to 46 of flats are always in action.
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11) Cleaning unit, strips fibers, neps and foreign matters from flats, 13) Grid or cover plate 14) The doffer, combine the fibers into a web, because of its substantially lower peripheral speed relative to the cylinder 15) Stripping device, Doffing master, draw the web from the doffer

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16) Calender rollers 17) Can 18) Coiler

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Point to point action

and wires of cylinder

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Point to Point Action

cylinder Here it is not for opening of material but for transferring the material from cylinder to doffer

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Point to Back Action

the machine This action takes place b/w taken-in and cylinder, and doffer and stripper roller

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Back-to-back Action
This action is also called brushing action This is used to clean the wires of different

parts of the machine

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Operating Regions of a Card

The Taker-in Region Taker-in is a cast roller with a diameter usually around 250 mm Lap sheet is fed to taker-in by means of a feed roller and a feed plate It is enclosed from the lower side by grid elements The purpose of the taker-in is
to pluck finely opened flocks out of the feed batt to lead them over the dirt-eliminating parts under the roller 5/19/12to deliver them to the main cylinder

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Operating Regions of a Card

Carding Region It consists of a cylinder and a set of flats The Cylinder It is usually made of steel Has very fine wire wound on its surface Its diameter is about 50 It rotates at a speed 1.5 to 2.5 times more than taker-in It takes very fine tufts of material from taker-in
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The Top Set (Flats) These are flat bars from 80 to 105 in numbers These are very close to the cylinder surface These crawl along the cylinder surface These are equipped with flexible to rigid wire Fibre-fibre opening occurs in this region Carding elements These are two sets of stationary flat bars placed over cylinder between
taker-in and top-set (called pre-carding region) Top-set and doffer (called post-carding region)

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Operating Regions of a Card

The Doffer Region It has a diameter of about 700mm It rotates upto 100 rpm Material condenses into very fine web due to reduction of speed between cylinder and doffer The fiber web is stripped from the doffer using a stripper roller It is then passed through a pair of squeeze or crush rolls before it is finally accumulated widthwise into a fiber strand form called sliver
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Web Formation

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The calendar rolls compress the fiber strand

to provide better integrity and stable flow of material The fiber strand (the card sliver) proceeds upward over guide pulleys to enter the coiler system This consists of a second pair of calendar rolls that delivers the carded sliver through a revolving tube into the card sliver can

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Card Auto leveller

along the length This is achieved by autolevellers There are two autolevellers on a card to
to measure sliver thickness variation on real-

time basis to change the machine draft so that a high consistent sliver thickness is continuously produced

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