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Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) allow users to interact with operating systems through graphical icons and visual elements like windows, menus, and dialog boxes rather than text-based commands. Early GUIs included the Xerox PARC GUI from the 1970s, Apple Lisa from 1983, VisiCorp Visi On from 1984. The Mac OS in 1984 popularized the GUI concept with windows and icons. Microsoft followed with Windows 1.0 in 1985. Subsequent Windows versions and Mac OS versions improved the GUI with features like overlapping windows, true type fonts, start buttons, and skinning options. Modern operating systems continue enhancing the visual experience through animation and customization options.

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202 views

OS Presentation

Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) allow users to interact with operating systems through graphical icons and visual elements like windows, menus, and dialog boxes rather than text-based commands. Early GUIs included the Xerox PARC GUI from the 1970s, Apple Lisa from 1983, VisiCorp Visi On from 1984. The Mac OS in 1984 popularized the GUI concept with windows and icons. Microsoft followed with Windows 1.0 in 1985. Subsequent Windows versions and Mac OS versions improved the GUI with features like overlapping windows, true type fonts, start buttons, and skinning options. Modern operating systems continue enhancing the visual experience through animation and customization options.

Uploaded by

Abs Bravo
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Operating System (Graphical User Interface)

Presented by: Irfan Aziz Niazi Malik Zia M. Ali Qazi Raja Ahsan Ali

OPERATING SYSTEM BASIC:


The User Interface Running Programs Managing Files Managing Hardware Utility Software

The User Interface


Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) GUI Tools Applications and the Interface Menus Dialog Boxes Command-Line Interfaces

Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs)

Most modern operating systems, like Windows and the Macintosh OS, provide a graphical user interface (GUI). A GUI lets you control the system by using a mouse to click graphical objects on screen.

Graphical objects appear on a background (the desktop), representing resources you can use.

Program running in Desktop a window Window control buttons

Icons

Start menu Start button Dialog Taskbarbox

GUI Tools
Icons are pictures that represent computer resources, such as printers, documents, and programs. You double-click an icon to choose (activate) it, for instance, to launch a program. The Windows operating system offers two unique tools, called the taskbar and Start button. These help you run and manage programs.

The Windows start button can be used to launch programs.

Or, icons can be double-clicked to launch programs.

Dialog Boxes
A dialog box is a special window that appears when a program or the OS needs more information before completing a task. Dialog boxes are so named because they conduct a "dialog" with the user, asking the user to provide more information or make choices.

The DOS Prompt is not seen much these days!

EVOLUTION OF GUI IN OPERATING SYSTEM

The first GUI was developed by researchers at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC)in the 70s. This research opened a whole new era of computer graphic innovations.

Apple Lisa Office System 1 (released in 1983)


Also referred to as Lisa OS, which in this case is short for Office System. It was developed by Apple with the intention of being a document processing workstation.

VisiCorp On (released in 1984)


Visi On was the first desktop GUI developed for the IBM PC. This system was targeted towards big corporations and came with a high price tag. The GUI made use of a mouse, it had a built-in installer and help system and it didnt use icons.

Mac OS System 1.0 (released in 1984)


System 1.0 was the first operating system GUI developed for the Macintosh. It had several features of a modern operating system, being windows based with icons.

Windows 1.0x (released in 1985)


In this year Microsoft finally caught up with the whole graphical user interface craze and released Windows 1.0, its first GUI based operating system. The system featured 3232 pixel icons and color graphics. The most interesting feature was the icon of the animated analog clock.

Windows 2.0x (released in 1987)


In this version, the actual management of the windows had significantly improved. The windows could be overlapped, resized, maximized and minimized.

Windows 3.0 (released in 1990)


The operating system itself supported standard and 386 enhanced modes, which made use of higher memory capacity resulting in the ability to use higher screen resolutions and better graphics, such as Super VGA 800600 and 1024768.

Mac OS System 7 (released in 1991)


Mac OS version 7.0 was the first Mac OS GUI which supported colors. Shades of grey, blue and yellow were added to icons.

Windows 3.1 (released in 1992)


This version of Windows included TrueType fonts which were pre-installed. This effectively made Windows a functional desktop publishing platform for the first time.

Windows 95 (released in 1995)


The user interface was completely re-designed .This was the first version where a small close button was added to each window. The famous Start button appeared for the first time. This was a huge step forward for Microsoft regarding the operating system itself and the unified GUI.

Windows 98 (released in 1998)


The icon styles were almost the same as in Windows 95, but the whole GUI could use more than 256 colors for rendering. Windows Explorer changed almost completely and the Active Desktop appeared for the first time.

Windows XP (released in 2001)


As Microsoft tends to change their GUI completely with every major operating system release.The GUI itself is skinnable, users could change the whole look and feel of the interface. The icons were 48 x 48 in size by default, rendered in millions of colors.

Windows Vista (released in 2007)


This was Microsofts response to their competition. They also included quite a lot of 3D and animation. Since Windows 98, Microsoft has always tried to improve the desktop. With Windows Vista they released widgets and a somewhat improved replacement of the Active Desktop.

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