oops.pptx

What is polymorphism?
 The process of representing one form in multiple forms is known as polymorphism.
 Polymorphism is derived from two words: “poly” and “morphs” means many and forms.
Real life example:
When in school we behave like student.
When in bus we behave like passenger.
When in home we behave like son.
Here one person having different behaviours.

Compile Time Polymorphism:
 Compile-time polymorphism is a process in which the method is called when
compile time. It is of two types.
Function Overloading
Operator Overloading

Function Overloading:
 Function overloading is a feature of object-oriented programming where two or
more functions can have the same name but different parameters. When a function
name is overloaded with different jobs it is called Function Overloading.
Ways to Overload a Function:
By changing number of Arguments.
By having different datatypes of argument.
When an overloaded function is called, the c++ compiler selects the proper function
by examining the number, types and order of arguments.

Example:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int sum(int a,int b)
{
return a+b;
}
int sum(int a,int b,int c)
{
return a+b+c;
}
int main()
{
int a=5,b=10,c=15;
cout<<sum(a,b)<<endl;
cout<<sum(a,b,c);
return 0;
}
Output:
15
30

Operator Overloading:
 Operator Overloading is the method by which we can change the function of
some specific operators to do some different task.
 It allows the same operator name or symbol to be used for multiple
operations.
Operators that cannot be overload:
 :: - Scope resolution operator
 - Dot operator (Member Selector)
 * - Pointer (Member selector through a pointer to a function.
 ?: - Ternary operator
.

Advantages of operator overloading:
• It makes the program easier to understand for people, especially
in a larger code-base.
• It enables programmers to use notation closer to the target domain.

Example:
#include <iostream>
class ComplexNumber{
private:
int real;
int imaginary;
public:
ComplexNumber(int real, int imaginary){
this->real = real;
this->imaginary = imaginary;
}
void print(){
cout<<real<<" + i"<<imaginary;
}
ComplexNumber operator+ (ComplexNumber c2){
ComplexNumber c3(0,0);
c3.real = this->real+c2.real;
c3.imaginary = this->imaginary + c2.imaginary;
return c3;
}
};
int main() {
ComplexNumber c3 = c1 + c2;
c3.print();
return 0;
}

Function overriding
• Function overriding in C++ is a feature that allows us to use a function in
the child class that is already present in its parent class.
• Function overriding helps to improve the readability of the code.
Advantage of Function Overriding:
• It improves code readability and allows code reusability.
• It save memory space, consistency, and readability.
• It speeds up the execution of the program.

#include <iostream>
class Base {
public:
void print() {
cout << "Base Class" << endl;
}
};
class Derived : public Base {
public:
void print() {
cout << "Derived Class" << endl;
}
};
int main() {
Derived derived1;
derived1.print();
return 0;
}
Example:
Output:
Derived Class

oops.pptx

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