First Educational Conference 1947
- 1. First Educational Conference 1947 By Akhtar Hussain & Amir Rahman Center For Education & Staff Training University Of Swat
- 2. • Pakistan achieved independence from over a century of British colonial rule in August 1947. • The progress in education was largely limited to what emerged as India. • The regions comprising Pakistan were relatively backward in all respects, including in education. • At independence, 85 percent of the population was illiterate. • In the more backward regions of the country, e.g., Balochistan, the literacy rate was even lower, with the rate for rural women therein being virtually zero. • It was realized then that the task of nation building would not be achieved without an educated and skilled manpower. And in recognition thereof, a National Education Conference was convened the same year, which presented their recommendations. Historical Background (By Kaisar Bengali) 1
- 3. 1 One of the first attempts in the field of education and literacy
- 4. 2 The Quaid-e-Azam , in his message to the Conferences said: "... the importance of education and the type of education cannot be over- emphasized ... there is no doubt that the future of our State will and must greatly depend upon the type of education we give to our children, and the way in which we bring them up as future. "
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- 7. The Primary and Secondary Education Committee Strong foundations of free and compulsory primary education Separate pre-primary and primary education stages for children of ages 3 to 6 and 6 to 11, respectively Medium of instruction Teacher training Physical education 5
- 8. The Committee on Adult Education • The committee found current literacy as 15% • Not just adults literacy but mainly focus on to keep them literate • Introduction of a free and compulsory system of primary education to be treated as complementary to one another • Setting up of a permanent system of adult education, closely linked with compulsory primary education, to solve the problem in a period of 25 years 6
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- 10. Education system should suit the genius of Pakistan It should be consonant with our history and culture. It should inculcate high sense of honor and integrity. It should emphasis on science and technology. Quaid’s message to the conference 8
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- 12. Recommendations for the implementation of the program for Adult Education • Stages for the execution of a program of adult education The first 5 years were to be devoted to planning, recruitment of teachers and training In the sixth year, about 500,000 persons were to be made literate with an annual increase of 300,000. • It called on all government departments and all employers and trade unions to ensure that their employees, workers, and members are literate. • The question of levying a tax on those employers who do not make adequate provision for the education of their employees was also presented for consideration. • The possibility of making a period of social service obligatory on all university students. • The use of mechanical aids to learning, such as radio, cinema, the gramophone, and magic lantern. 10
- 13. • The Committee’s report was fairly pragmatic in its approach advising multidimensional approach to educational policy making. • identified issues of training adult school teachers, teaching materials and literature for adult schools, instruction methodologies, etc. • It cautioned against attempting to draw up a code or prescribe uniform methods or approaches applicable to the country as a whole • It also advised against drawing any rigid distinction between adult education in the strict sense and technical, commercial or art instruction and suggested that adult students may be provided Strengths
- 14. • The Education Conference was the first ever attempt on streamlining the education system of the new born state. It was the product the efforts of politicians and educational experts. However, the conference failed to reach on a comprehensive plan for providing quality education for the country. • Adequate attention was not paid to developing primary education which requires wide scale infrastructure and trained staff. • More people in Pakistan live in rural areas. There was no such provision to provide even basic facilities for their education. • Proper attention wasn’t paid to encouraging female education. • Adult literacy was to take 25 years, which was not realistic effort. • No proper provisions were made for Higher, technical, commercial and vocational education. Only emphasis was there. • The life span of the plan was very much extensive. It needed more than a 100 years to achieve the targets. • HRM was not identified. weaknesses 12
- 15. Thank you