Hernia
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This document defines hernia and describes the different types of hernias. It explains that a hernia is an abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through a weak spot in the muscle wall of the cavity it is normally contained within. The most common locations for hernias are the abdominal cavity, inguinal canal, umbilicus, and femoral ring. Symptoms can include a bulge or lump, pain, discomfort, vomiting, and difficulty breathing. Hernias are typically diagnosed through physical examination, ultrasound, x-ray, or barium swallow. Treatment options include medical management with a truss or surgical repair through herniotomy, herniorrhaphy, or hernioplasty procedures.
Hernia
- 1. Mr. ASHOK BISHNOI Lecturer JINR
- 2. “It is a abnormal protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through the wall of the cavity” It may occur at any part of the body, but most common in abdominal cavity.
- 3. Muscles weakness Increase abdominal pressure Obesity Pregnancy Coughing Weight lifting Trauma
- 4. Inguinal hernia a. Direct Inguinal hernia b. Indirect Inguinal hernia Umbilical hernia Femoral hernia Incisional hernia or ventral hernia Hital hernia
- 6. A. Direct inguinal hernia- Occur through inguinal ring due to weakness of the abdominal wall. B. Indirect inguinal hernia- Bowel passes through the wall in an area of muscular weakness
- 7. Occur through the umbilicus due to increase abdominal pressure. it is usually occur in obese & multiparous women.
- 9. It occur through the femoral ring
- 10. It occur at the site of previous surgical incision.
- 11. It is a portion of a stomach in to oesophagus through an opening or hitus in the diaphragm.
- 12. Due to etiological factor Increase abdominal pressure Weakness of muscles Protrusion of organ tissue
- 13. Heart burn Pain Discomfort Vomiting Nausea Breathing difficulty
- 15. Medical management- A truss Pad held a place by a belt Pad is placed over the hernia (reduce hernia) Surgical management- Indirect inguinal hernia—Herniotomy. Herniorrhaphy (Removal of a hernial sac & repair of the abdominal wall) Hernioplasty- Plastic repai of the abdominal wall. Herniotomy- Removal of hernia