Kulekhani I hydropower ,Nepal
- 1. Manoj Sah– BEL/070/224 Pankaj Sah– BEL/070/227 Paras Subedi– BEL/070/228 Sandeep Neupane– BEL/070/235 Bishal Rimal – BEL/070/213 Ganesh Bhandari - BEL/070/216 Himal Chaulagain– BEL/070/218 Manish Lawar– BEL/070/223 Attachment to Kulekhani-I Hydropower plant 2073/08/25 to 2073/08/27
- 2. Objective • To observe the civil structure of the hydropower project • To study detail operating mechanism of the powerhouse • To learn about the process of synchronization with interconnected system
- 3. Overview Location: Dam: Makawanpur, kulekhani Powerhouse: Makawanpur, Dhorshing Construction started : 1977 A.D. Generation started : 1982 A.D. Installed capacity : 60 MW Primary Annual generation : 165 GWh Secondary annual generation: 46 GWh Capital cost: $117.84 million Funded by : World bank, Kuwait fund, UNDP, Overseas economic cooperation fund, GON
- 4. Special features • Reservoir type hydropower plant • Operates in peak hour period and often operated for voltage improvement and system stability • Supplies more reactive power than other stations • During blackout it starts operation and energizes main transmission line and other power plants
- 5. Why Kulekhani-I for black start? Process of black start Backup battery starts diesel generator Diesel generator helps to bring generating station into operation Energize the key transmission line Starts other power plant
- 6. Civil structure Dam 1 Type :Zoned Rock Fill Dam with Inclined Core 2 Dam Height : 114 m 3 Crest Length : 406 m 4 Crest Width : 10 m 5 Embankm ent Volume : 4,4419348 m^3
- 7. Reservoir Catchment basin area : 126 km^2 Reservoir area : 2.2 km^2 at highest water level : 1530m from (M.S.L.) Gross storage capacity : 85.30 million cu.m (Initial) : 62.30 cu. m (Estimated 2002) Effective Storage Capacity : 73.30 million cu. M(Initial) 55.56 cu.m (Estimated 2002) Dead Storage : 12 million cu.m (Initial) : 6.74 cu.m (Estimated 2002) Design Flood Inflow : 1380 m^3/sec Probable Max. Inflow : 2720 m^3/sec Design Flood Outflow : 1270 m^3/sec Probable Max.Flood Outflow : 2540 m^3/sec Fax Strech in Full Level : 7 km
- 8. Waterway Intake 1. Original Structure Type : Horizontal Bell mouth type with gate shaft Gate :Caterpillar Gate 2.5m wide*25m high 2. Sloping Intake :Constructed under KDPP-I Dimension : 103m long*7.2m wide*5.2m high Inside width :2.5 m Minimum operation level for :13.1 m^3/sec full load 60 mw Tributary Intake a. Chakhel Intake Type : Non controlled weir type Connecting Tunnel : 2368 m Long Dimension : 1.8m wide*18m high Maximum capacity : 4.1 m^3/sec b. Sim Intake Type : Non controlled weir with shaft of 94.7m high and an air trap chamber Maximim capacity : 3.3 m^3/sec
- 9. Reservoir
- 10. Spillway: Controlled Crest with 2 Radial Gates of 9.0m wide * 11.5m high and Non-Controlled Crest of 65m Long with Chute and Plunge Pool
- 11. Penstock Line 1 Diameter : 2.1-1.5 m 2 Length : 1168 m 3 Length of Bifurcation(each) : 14 m Headrace Tunnel 1Type :Circular Section 2Diameter and length :2.5m dia*6233m long Surge Tank 1 Type : Circular Section 2 Diameter and Height: 3m dia*92m high Tailrace Tunnel 1 Type : Chamber type 2 Dimensi on : 3.1m wide *in length
- 12. By pass valve and inlet valve By pass valve Reduce water pressure to open inlet valve Inlet valve Regulate water flow Remains complete open/close
- 13. Turbine Turbine 1No. of units : Two 2Type : Vertical Shaft Pelton 3 Rated output : 31,000 kW 4Rated speed : 600 rpm (50 Hz) 5Gross Head : 614m to 560m 6Rated Head : 550m 7 Maximum Discharge : 13.1 m3/sec
- 14. Turbine rotating and coupling mechanism
- 15. Governing mechanism Regulate bucket striking water flow Maintains constant speed under varying load condition Load ↑ −►water flow ↑ Load ↓ −►water flow ↓
- 16. Schematic diagram of governer
- 17. Cooling system Water cooling system Cools generator and power transformer
- 18. Fire fighting system Performed manually with CO2 Cooling system Sound trap system Traps the noise and Removes out of the plant
- 19. Generator & Excitor Generator 1.No. of units:Two 2.Types :Vertical Shaft revolving salient field three phase synchronous type 3. Rated Capacity :35.3MVA 0.85 lag 4. Generating Voltage :11 kV 5.Frequency :50 Hz Fig: excitor
- 21. Syncronization and braking system Condition : Set during construction 1. Waveform 2. Phase sequence Set during synchronization 3. Frequency 4. Voltage 5. Phase angle Braking system Jet brake:- reverse striking of water to bucket Air brake :- when speed reached 40% Steps of synchronization •STOP •PREPATION •INLET VALVE •START •EXCITATION •PARALLEL •LOAD
- 22. Single line diagram of kulekhani-I
- 23. Switch yard
- 24. Switchyard
- 25. TransformerRating 35MVA Frequency 50HZ Connection Star/delta Type 3 phase oil immersed forced oil-circulation with water cooler, indoor type Primary voltage 11Kv Secondary voltage 66Kv Primary current 1837A Secondary current 306A
- 27. Current and voltage transformer Voltage 66Kv Unit 1 per phase Connection Parallel to busbar Secondary voltage 110 V Primary current 400-600A Secondary current 5A Type 3-core secondary Unit 2 Current Transformer Potential Transformer
- 28. Relay
- 29. Circuit breakers Type SF6 Voltage 66KV Normal current 0.5KA Breaking current 12.5KA Making current 31.5KA Restriking voltage 0.75us/kv Brake time Making time Breaking time 5s 0.15s 0.05s Synchronizing SF6 CB For 11Kv – vacuum CB
- 30. Breaking SF6 CB Type SF6 Rated Voltage 72.5KV Normal current Nominal current 2KA 600A Breaking current 12.5KA Making current 31.5KA Restriking voltage 0.75us/kv Brake time Making time Breaking time 5s 0.15s 0.05s
- 31. Isolator Voltage 72KV Short time current 20KA for 2 sec Rated current 600A Impulse withstand 350KV
- 34. PLCC:-Power line carrier communication Way of Data transmission system using power line with different frequency information Each end of transmission line is provided with PLCC equipment(frequency fiter) Station to station communication Protection of transmission line But not in used now…. SCADA:-Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition System Operates with coded signals over communication channel Control of remote equipment Programmable logic controller (PLCs) as subsystems Present communication system: 4 core OPGW Partial SCADA: LDC can observe every status but cant control any operation
- 35. Backup system Battery bank : Control and power house 400 Ah, 110v 55*2v each in series communication system 48V 24*2V each in series For protection For internal lighting Diesel Generator 1 : capacity : 350 Kva/240KW RPM : 1500 gen. voltage 400V Diesel generator-2 Capacity : 385kva/286.4kw RPM 1500 Gen. voltage 400V For maintenance For black start
- 36. Time Power load Power factor Gen.1 MW Gen.2 MW Total MW Gen.1 cosɸ1 Gen.2 cosɸ2 Freq. Hz Voltage KV Water level 01:00 - - - - - 50.1 67.7 1523.50 02:00 - - - - - 49.7 67.2 1523.50 03:00 - - - - - 49.9 67.7 1523.51 04:00 - - - - - 50.0 67.0 1523.51 05:00 - - - - - 50.2 67.6 1523.51 06:00 - - - - - 50.0 66.9 1523.51 07:00 - - - - - 49.6 64.7 1523.51 08:00 - - - - - 49.4 63.4 1523.51 09:00 - - - - - 49.6 62.8 1523.51 10:00 - - - - - 50.1 64.1 1523.51 11:00 - - - - - 49.9 64.1 1523.51 12:00 - - - - - 49.6 65.0 1523.51 13:00 - - - - - 49.8 65.9 1523.52 14:00 - - - - - 50.0 64.9 1523.52 15:00 - - - - - 50.0 64.9 1523.52 16:00 - - - - - 50.1 64.8 1523.52 17:00 - - - - - 50.1 67.0 1523.52 18:00 - 20.00 20.00 - 0.99 50.0 67.3 1523.52 19:00 - - - - - 49.8 66.0 1523.52 20:00 - - - - - 50.0 67.2 1523.52 21:00 - - - - - 49.7 67.1 1523.52 22:00 - - - - - 49.7 66.9 1523.52 23:00 - - - - - 50.0 66.7 1523.53 24:00 - - - - - 49.5 63.3 1523.53 Daily Log Sheet - 2073/08/25
- 37. Morning peak load (MW) Evening peak time (MW) Time KL-1 Hz Time KL-1 Hz 06:00 - - 17:30 - - 06:15 - - 17:45 24.00 49.4 06:30 - - 18:00 20.00 50.0 06:45 - - 18:15 15.00 49.8 07:00 - - 18:30 14.00 49.8 07:15 - - 18:45 - - 07:30 - - 19:00 - - 07:45 - - 19:15 - - 08:00 - - 19:30 - - 08:15 - - 19:45 - - 08:30 - - 20:00 - -
- 40. Recommendation Use of sectionalized Bus bar Upgrade transmission from 66Kv Use of SCADA system Removal of sediment from the reservoir
Editor's Notes
- #35: -To trip the line CB nearest to fault by1. distance protection 2.differential comparison method 3. phase comparison method -inter trip command due to tripping of any one side of CB