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LS807
Interactive Film: Immersion in
Learning
Caroline Freeman, Brightwave Group
Orlando, FL • March 16 – 18, 2016
Who I am…
Caroline Freeman
Head of Learning Design,
Brightwave Group
How many of you have used
interactive video for learning?
Before we start, a
question for you…
• How interactive video can help create an
immersive experiences.
• Some examples
• Making it happen – design process
• Lessons learned
What we’re going to look at:
One must learn by doing the
thing; for though you think you
know it, you have no certainty,
until you try.
Sophocles
You have to provide opportunities
for your learners to
practice the skills
and to fail safely.
‘The future of technology driven
learning is immersive…I am 'in' the
learning experience and I am
practicing doing the things that I need
to do better. I am making decisions.’
- Koreen Olbrish Pagano - Immersive Learning
Immersive Learning
How do we make our
learning immersive?
It’s about an approach…
not a specific piece of
technology
It’s the way we’ve always learnt best
What do you need to create
an immersive virtual world?
o Authenticity (not necessarily ‘realism’)
o Autonomy
o Acknowledgement
How can interactive video help?
o Brings together the user control of the
internet with the engagement of the
moving image
o Increases the personalisation and
relevance of the content
The power of video
o Websites that use video double the
conversion rate into sales - Aberdeen Group
o Employees are 75% more likely to watch a
video than to read documents or web articles
- Forrester Research
o 76% of executives watch business videos at
least once a week, including 40% who view
them daily - Cisco
A few examples
o Scrolling video
o Interviews
o Simple branching narrative
o Complex branching narrative
o ‘Spot the mistakes’
Examples of
interactive video #1
An illusion of moving through 3d space
User controls progress through video
Scrolling video
Inspiration from marketing: www.world-of-swiss.com
Re-imagined in an e-learning course
Scrolling video journey
Learning Solutions - Interactive Film: Immersion in Learning
Learning Solutions - Interactive Film: Immersion in Learning
Our prototype
Examples of
interactive video #2
Interviews
Interactive video interview
Interactive video interview
Intensifying immersion –
combining storytelling
and gaming
Storytelling –
the oldest form
of learning
Gaming –
fail safely
and try
again
According to Julie Dirksen (2010) the
average eLearning course gives you
feedback every 5-10 minutes, the
average game is 7-10 seconds.
The importance of feedback
‘The best moments in our lives are
not the passive, receptive, relaxing
times… The best moments usually
occur if a person’s body or mind is
stretched to its limits in a voluntary
effort to accomplish something
difficult and worthwhile.’
Flow
- Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (1990)
In the zone - completely
focused motivation
Conditions required to create Flow:
o Clear goals
o Immediate feedback on your actions
o Balance between challenges and skills
o No distractions
o No fear of failure
o Sense of control
Getting the balance right
Examples of
interactive video #3
‘String of pearls’ structure
Simple branching
narrative
Simple ‘string of pearls’ structure
A man walks in to a bar…
The objectives:
o Introduce trainee bartenders to the bar
skills they will need
o Make it fun – encourage learners to revisit
challenges
o Make it memorable
And to prove you can do it lo-fi…
Examples of
interactive video #4
Complex branching
narrative
Jeff Grubb Venturebeat.com March 2013
Controlling complexity – The Walking Dead, season 1
3_110 Team Solve
Update on
workstreams. Ella has
reached different
conclusion from Daniel
Video
3_120 Dissent
What should Ella do?
a) Make statement
b) Explore data
sets
c) Finish survey
first Dilemma
3_100 Time/ travel
story
Three weeks passing.
Key developments.
Montage of Daniel,
Ella, Sharon.
Photostory
3_131 State
If a) Daniel sees Ella’s
statement as a
criticism. Hatti says to
ask Clara.
Video
3_132 Explore
If b) Ella’s follows
feedback model. Hatti
suggests she meets
Clara a
Video
3_133 Postpone
If c) Ella says nothing.
No discussion, no
meeting with Clara
proposed.
Video
Example of story map for
learning game
Learning Solutions - Interactive Film: Immersion in Learning
http://www.slideshare.net/benhoguet/tribeca-hacks-keynote
Match the structure to your
needs and your budget
Keep control of your seat-time
vs developed time
Anything from 1: 1.3 will work if your story
is engaging enough
Replay value – our experience
When the challenges and the story feel
authentic, learners will want to replay the
game to see alternative paths.
Examples of
interactive video #5
‘Spot the errors’
hotspots
The problem
How to create an engaging and
memorable course on Data Protection
The solution - ‘spot the errors’:
Best use of E-Learning to ensure compliance
with external regulations or internal policies
Learning Solutions - Interactive Film: Immersion in Learning
Learning Solutions - Interactive Film: Immersion in Learning
Learning Solutions - Interactive Film: Immersion in Learning
Learning Solutions - Interactive Film: Immersion in Learning
Learning Solutions - Interactive Film: Immersion in Learning
Making it
happen
Early questions:
o Revisit the need for video – is it the best
solution?
• Think
• Translations
• Volatility
• Tone of voice
• Story
People & processes
Video production is a waterfall
process…
you need clear communication
and early sign off
Your stakeholders
Make sure you’re on the same page -
show them examples of what you’re
trying to achieve.
Drama needs conflict – do they
have the appetite for it?
Are they really
ready for humour?
Will they let your characters
speak human?
Source: carncar.kr
Branching narrative – the process
o Action mapping (Cathy Moore style*) -
what do the learners need to do?
o Create challenges that replicate the
decisions they will need to make
* http://blog.cathy-moore.com/
Creating the structure
o Make a physical map – use card sorting to
create groups of incidents
o Link these into stories
Making sure it is a story
Candidate
A
Clara
F Hispanic
Age 40 -
50
Experienced, but has been with the company less
than 3 years. Has already produced good results,
made an impact. Outspoken & powerful. Divorced,
with teenage children. Able to travel.
Advantage: Impressive CV.
Disadvantage: Not well known in company. Some
people find her manner abrasive.
Candidate
B
Ajay
M Indian
Age 28-38
Enthusiastic, excellent track-record. Personable,
has integrity. Ambitious. Married, no children yet.
Proposed by Manager 1.
Advantage: Charismatic, natural leader. Good
personality fit.
Disadvantage: Caring for dependent parent. Not
as experienced as other candidates.
Who are your characters?
“No, no! The adventures
first, explanations take
such a dreadful time.”
- Lewis Carroll, Alice's Adventures in
Wonderland & Through the Looking-
Glass
Prototypes
- On paper
- Online scripting
tool, such as Twine
- Film it on your
phone
Lessons
learned
Lesson 1:
Design for Flow
o Balance challenge with skills
o Work out ideal interaction spacing
o Make navigation simple and intuitive
o Give lots of feedback
Lesson 2:
Don’t overload the learner
o Keep the clips short – three minutes or
less
o Keep choices limited to two or three
o Keep text short and clear
Lesson 3:
When it’s new - prototype
o Develop like a video game
o Prototype and user test
o Is the user journey clear?
o Is it fun?
o Balance difficulty, agree filming style and
pace
o Get buy in from your stakeholders
Lesson 4:
You can break rules
Interaction seems to give you more freedom
to ‘stylise’ and break the rules of film
grammar…
… as long as it feels part of the ‘game’
experience
e.g. mixing first and second person
narratives, interleaving with question screens
etc
Lesson 5:
For ‘response- reaction’ you
need a substantial payoff
Heightened drama or humour work well
Summary
To make it feel immersive
you need emotional
engagement and the right
level of intellectual
challenge
Remember
Authenticity
Autonomy
Acknowledgement
Any questions?
Thank you
More information?
@FreemanCaro
caroline.freeman@brightwavegroup.com
If you’d like to chat some more, get in touch!
brightwavegroup.com
Action mapping – http://blog.cathy-
moore.com/
Interactive scripting tool: https://twinery.org/
Tools for Interactive video:
• Happy yak
• Adobe Storyline
• Racontr
• Daz from Outtakes
Resources
Examples:
Interactive interviews
http://www.rsagroup.com/rsagroup/en/caree
rs/meet-our-team#.VvLIo-KLSM8
Scrolling video
www.world-of-swiss.com
Resources

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Learning Solutions - Interactive Film: Immersion in Learning

Editor's Notes

  • #3: My background in tv and games great moment to be in the learning business as we’re being carried along by a huge slew of creative possibilities offered through technology
  • #6: First the problem we’re trying to solve. This is the problem that as learning designers we’re constantly faced with. Organisations want performance improvements or behavioural change. Th
  • #7: The only way to create real change is provide opportunities for your learners to practice the skills.
  • #8: This quote is taken from a great book on Immersive learning by Koreen Pagano and captures the essence of what’s needed to create those opportunities for practice. Giving the learner opportunities to make decisions
  • #9: When you speak about immersive learning you might immediately think about Virtual reality or 3D realistic environments - and these might be the techniques you choose to use, if the budget allows, they are not the only routes you could choose
  • #10: Immersive learning is more about a design approach. Immersion is a way of deeply engaging the learner, embedding the exercise in a replica world where the learner can practice and fail safely and that doesn’t necessarily mean the most high end technological solution
  • #11: As children we can make immersive learning environments from anything. We create make believe worlds in which we play out scenarios. And we’ll all remember just how immersive a cardboard box can be
  • #12: Authenticity (not ‘realism’) consistent universe, fits with your experience Autonomy and control Acknowledgement/feedback - consequence
  • #17: http://www.world-of-swiss.com/en#swiss-first
  • #19: Learn: Scrolling Video journeys A video journey under the control of the learner. As you scroll, the video takes you through an office in a single filmic tracking shot. Motion-pinned text appears beside people or objects, identifying key moments or events. Hotspots on the video allow you to find out more details. In this example the ‘journey’ represents the suggested order of events in the Appointment timeline. Linking concepts to visualisations aids memory and recall.
  • #22: Exploratory guide Interactive timeline or process ‘Geography of space’ may aid retention
  • #24: This technique immediately puts the learner in control and promotes higher levels of engagement than linear ‘talking head’ videos.
  • #26: Let’s move on to look at how we can intenisfy the immersion by combining storytelling and gaming.
  • #28: Learning through practice and failing safely. You see the consequences of your actions. But there is also something else we can take from gaming
  • #29: Let’s go back to one of the three ‘A’s that I mentioned at the start – Acknowlegement. You feel acknowledged by the feedback you receive We all know that feedback is an important part of leanring, but perhaps Computer games give you more feedback than yourKnowing where you are and how your behaviour has impact on results is important to keep players in flow. Flow is one major reason why gamified learning is more motivating than non-gamified learning.
  • #30: Take a few moments to look at flow and why its important for the design of interactive narratives or learning. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (mee hi CHEEK-sent-me-hi-ee) is a Hungarian psychologist and is one of the pioneers of the scientific study of happiness. According to Csikszentmihalyi, flow is completely focused motivation. It is a single-minded immersion and represents perhaps the ultimate experience in harnessing the emotions in the service of performing and learning. In flow, the emotions are not just contained and channeled, but positive, energized, and aligned with the task at hand. According to Csikszentmihalyi (1975, 1988), flowis a "crucial component of enjoyment" and is "the holistic sensation that people feel when they act with totalinvolvement". In a flow state,
  • #31: Flow is the experience of doing something just because you enjoy doing it. It's the feeling of being "in the zone" while enjoying overcoming challenges. In a flow state, time seems to fly by as attention focused on the activity.
  • #33: Flow has been used in fields like sports, human–computer interactions, and education. But it has been particularly important in the deisgn of games as it maps so well against the process of immersion experienced by players during game-play. In this diagram there are two axis – challenge and skill – too much challenge and your audience become anxious, too little and they become bored The aim of designing a learning game is to create an interesting and fun experience so that it holds player’s attention as long and as intensely as possible. One of the problems with the recent focus on gamification in online leanring is that we try to motivate users with rewards external to the activity, such as points or achievement badges,. But this can backfire because it can make users feel like they are being controlled. We should instead be seeking to enhance their intrinsic motivation thorugh achieving that balance of challenge and skill – the flow state.
  • #35: Most used structure in games, you complete challenges in one level in order to move onto another. In our example each level just has one challenge. If you get the wrong answer you are taken back to the decision point
  • #36: Use the Techniques and Tools module. Intro Topic – FIRST 20 secs of intro - Explain the importance of the host / guide in the design – make the learner feel supported / helped at the start Click through Serving Techniques and Cocktail techniques – short instructional videos on the basics to give the learner a good grounding – note the responsive design – the whole course can be used on a mobile. Show straining clip – show comedy sequence at the end. Glasses – briefly show quiz and that tips are being earned. Say something about gamification. This could be a good time to highlight the quality of the video – mention that this was a three day shoot with a x person crew using x actors and x extras
  • #39: We recently have created a course for a professional services firm aimed at new starters to take them through an example of a project from start to finish. The aims of the expereince were to allay any fears they may have about starting, give them a sense of what the company culture was like and to get them thinking about how their decisions needed to balance the impact on the client, the team and their own wellbeing. Their starters tend to be very bright and analytical people, so they wanted them to start thinking about interpersonal skills. Video works well in terms of telling the story as you can see the impact on people,
  • #40: It was the first time we’d done a comples branching scenario so I did a bit of research online and found this great diagram of the narrative structure for the video game The walking dead
  • #48: Linear narrative - ‘week in the life’ Moving hotspots on video Daz software from Outtakes Films (http://www.outtakes.co.uk/) Daz hotpsots - you need incidents every 10 seconds or so
  • #49: PWC150
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  • #63: What is your story arc? Does it have a beginning, middle and end
  • #64: Authentic / conflict
  • #71: the fact of interaction means you can break the rules and not throw the player out of the universe , you can combine these with text screens and it works - Branching - short scenes work best use whatever medium you need to keep the pace up
  • #73: the fact of interaction means you can break the rules and not throw the player out of the universe , you can combine these with text screens and it works - Branching - short scenes work best use whatever medium you need to keep the pace up
  • #74: Do not change the colour of these boxes! Or if you have to, please use a brand colour. (any of the ‘theme colours’ in the /shape fill/ dropdown.)