![Simple Example
User Registration: mod_xml_curl
• Queries a remote API for registration information
• API uses business logic to decide which registrations
permissions to bestow
<binding name="directory">
<param name="gateway-url" value="https://dev.ringplus.net/endpoints" bindings="directory"/>
<param name="gateway-credentials" value="journey:foreigner" />
<param name="auth-scheme" value="basic"/>
</binding>
Works for dialplan, configuration, and phrases
Decouples SIP endpoint information
Easy migration to a mid-registrar like Kamailio
Registration
Microservice
Data
Store
HTTP
HTTP
(XML)
??? ???
if create_sip_endpoint
render :registration, status: :ok, formats: [:xml]
else
render xml: @sip_endpoint.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity
end
XML
RUBY](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cluecon2016-160811151232/85/FreeSWITCH-as-a-Microservice-8-320.jpg)
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FreeSWITCH as a Microservice
- 2. What we are: an MVNO/MVNE running on the Sprint Network What we do: rapid development cycles and constant iteration to be a different kind of consumer cellular company.
- 3. Quickly: What is a microservices architecture?
- 4. Quickly: What is a microservices architecture? • Monolithic • Simpler architecture • Generally confined to a single language or framework • Scaling Inefficient • Depth of Knowledge Required (DOKR) can lead to substantially increased technical debt • Microservices • More complex • Decoupled services allow for more rapid development • Increased scalability and fault tolerance • Knowledge need not span multiple services • Deployment is more complex but… simpler?
- 5. That Brings Us To…
- 6. Doesn’t Live in A Bubble
- 7. Doesn’t Live in A Bubble • Billing • Fraud Management • Call Tracking & Analytics • Performance Monitoring • Call Quality Analysis • Failover • Realtime Multimodal Interaction (PSTN->WebRTC…) Very different domains requiring very different processing backends, language requirements, and service architectures
- 8. Simple Example User Registration: mod_xml_curl • Queries a remote API for registration information • API uses business logic to decide which registrations permissions to bestow <binding name="directory"> <param name="gateway-url" value="https://dev.ringplus.net/endpoints" bindings="directory"/> <param name="gateway-credentials" value="journey:foreigner" /> <param name="auth-scheme" value="basic"/> </binding> Works for dialplan, configuration, and phrases Decouples SIP endpoint information Easy migration to a mid-registrar like Kamailio Registration Microservice Data Store HTTP HTTP (XML) ??? ??? if create_sip_endpoint render :registration, status: :ok, formats: [:xml] else render xml: @sip_endpoint.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity end XML RUBY
- 9. How About Something More Fun
- 10. Here’s a little something. Setting Preprocessor values: exec-set <X-PRE-PROCESS cmd="exec-set" data="local_ip_v4 = ip addr show eth0 | awk '/inet /{print $2}' | head -n 1 | cut -d '/' -f 1"/> Scenario: You’re starting a container and don’t know the IP <X-PRE-PROCESS cmd="exec-set" data="internal_sip_port = echo $INTERNAL_SIP_PORT"/> Scenario: You’re big into 12-Factor and are using lots of ENV variables <X-PRE-PROCESS cmd="exec-set" data="rtp_start_port = /etc/freeswitch/rtp_ports_based_on_env Scenario: It’s complicated, man. I need some real logic processing. Go routine that queries a service to retrieve the public RTP ports for this container. That service also opens/maps firewall and NAT ports correctly, or can really do anything.
- 11. Talking To FreeSWITCH Is Easy Many choices of built-in modules and 3rd party libraries • Ruby: Adhearsion (https://github.com/adhearsion/adhearsion) • JavaScript: https://github.com/shimaore/esl • Go: https://github.com/0x19/goesl • Python: Python ESL • mod_xml_rpc • mod_verto • etc… What About Push?
- 12. This Sounds Complex. Can we make this easier? Let’s Talk About One Way To Go
- 13. • You may have heard me talk about this last year. I’m still talking about it. • Containers should be single-process, no durable storage, ephemeral little creatures • Lightweight and distributable containers • Scalability due to built in resilience and orchestration layers • Higher packing density than virtual machines due to shared libs Docker
- 14. DOCKER NETWORKING…. IT’S GOTTEN BETTER!
- 15. Docker Networking • Docker 1.12 (June) allows for easy, multi-hostVXLAN routing • Easily scale containers across nodes • Built in state reconciliation for resilient deployments • Orchestration is built into Docker Engine • Includes auto-load balancing of inbound requests to multiple containers utilizing in- kernel Linux IPVS, automaticTLS generation, and a free basket of kittens Note: Docker is still a moving target. • Documentation • Best Practices • Service Integration/Discovery
- 17. Scaling The Business Logic Using Adhearsion for your dialplan. - We use it for ease and rapidity of development - Can leverage the Ruby ecosystem for gems Problem: Ruby MRI is locked to a single CPU, so can become CPU bound Solution: JRuby(?) Problem Redux: Call volume on a particular node is exceeding CPU capacity due to amazingly wonderful consumer adoption (Pokémon Go Syndrome) Solution: Scale nodes • FreeSWITCH is rarely the blocker but can consume enough CPU to max out • Adhearsion communicates with mod_rayo via XMPP - many clients, one server.
- 18. CPU BOUND Save money on the weekends ya’ll!
- 19. Scaling The Business Logic Using Adhearsion for your dialplan. - We use it for ease and rapidity of development - Can leverage the Ruby ecosystem for gems Problem: Ruby MRI is locked to a single CPU, so can become CPU bound Solution: JRuby Problem Redux: Call volume on a particular node is exceeding CPU capacity due to amazingly wonderful consumer adoption (Pokémon Go Syndrome) Solution: Scale nodes • FreeSWITCH is rarely the blocker but can consume enough CPU to max out • Adhearsion communicates with mod_rayo via XMPP - many clients, one server. root@adhearsion-swarm-01:~# docker service ls ID NAME REPLICAS IMAGE COMMAND ec23ck911hgc adhearsion 20/20 ringplus/adhearsion:latest 28ght39gvfce freeswitch 1/1 ringplus/freeswitch_v1.6:latest root@adhearsion-swarm-01:~# docker service scale adhearsion=20 adhesion scaled to 20
- 20. FreeSWITCH Adhearsion NYC Datacenter Adhearsion + FreeSWITCH Spike Condition with DockerAdhearsion DigitalOcean NYC-1 NYC Datacenter Kamailio • Host monitoring detects low-CPU condition on Node 1 • collectd container • Active call monitoring • Calls Ansible to spin up a new DO container • Adhearsion images pulled from Docker repo • Start containers with overlay network and information on parent FS container • Quiesce Adhearsion on affected system • Gracefully shutdown • Update Kamailio MySQL DB with new dispatcher information if FreeSWITCH scaling is necessary.
- 21. FreeSWITCH Joins A Bunch of Microservices FreeSWITCH Static Assets Voicemails IVR AdhearsionKafka ELK S3 / Gluster Fraud API Kafka Consumer Billing API Redis Logs WAL-E Backups Postgres HTTP/S, HTTPS, XMPP, XML, Go, Ruby, Elixer RBT Selection API User API
- 22. NO MAGIC PILL YET. STILL REQUIRES DEV, OPS, DEVOPS, MANAGEMENT COMPLEXITY
- 23. Finals Thoughts & Bon Mots • If you can help it, don’t start with microservices unless you have a team willing and able. • Do build your monolithic app with an eye toward breaking it apart. • Consider that you’ll eventually need to scale one part, but not others. • Follow a Services or Operations pattern to development - make them as independent as possible to facilitate eventual decoupling. • Do think of your FreeSWITCH andVoIP infrastructure as smaller services. • Consider your business case: Instead of running one 10k channel FreeSWITCH, why not run 100 100-channel FreeSWITCH instances?