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2022-Devnexus-StatefulMicroservices.pptx.pdf
- 1. Exploring Stateful Microservices in the Cloud Native World Mary Grygleski & Grace Jansen @mgrygles April 2022 @gracejansen27
- 2. Who is Grace Jansen? • Developer Advocate at IBM • Java, Cloud-Native, Reactive, MicroProfile, Open Source • A Biologist turned software engineer • Passionate about encouraging more WIT • Love traveling and trying new activities
- 3. Who is Mary Grygleski? • Senior Developer Advocate at DataStax • Streaming, Event-Driven, NoSQL, Open Source • Java Champion • Over 25 years of software engineering experience that span a wide spectrum from product development to enterprise applications and beyond • Previously a Senior Developer Advocate at IBM • President of Chicago Java Users Group (CJUG) • Active church volunteer and religious education teacher
- 5. “Computing” Life used to be simpler
- 6. Stateless Computing • State of the data does not get recorded between transactions A communication protocol that does not retain any session information • Scaling the system is easier • Recoverability from system failure is easier Architecture, design and implementation is simpler
- 7. Realistically, we live in a Stateful world
- 8. Stateful Computing • State of the data gets recorded at every step across all transactions A communication protocol that would retain all session information • Scaling the system is difficult • Recoverability from system failure involves a lot of efforts Architecture, design and implementation is complex
- 9. The States of Data 3 fundamental state of data: ● Data at rest ● Data in motion ● Data in use
- 10. The role of Microservices for the Data ● Microservices is a place where we “operate” on the data ● READ/WRITE: fetch from/place into the “data source” ● Data source: disk, in-memory, “cloud” ● Where I/O gets triggered to happen! ● Where transformation/remediation occur
- 11. Statefulness in the “cloud-less” days…
- 12. Client-Server Systems Stateful database systems on the server side Database-styled transactions 2-Phase Commit (2PC) Java Enterprise Java Beans – Stateful EJB (Session vs Entity Beans) Servlet – HTTPSession Client-side caching of server responses Cookie-based authentication Token-based authentication (JWT)
- 15. Cloud Native Computing: An overarching approach ► Essentially an “extension” to Cloud Computing by addressing the true needs of enterprise-level distributed business application systems. ► What are the true needs? Netflix coined the term Cloud Native in the early 2010’s and essentially they wanted to leverage on the cloud to meet their goals for their systems to be: ► Highly available ► Scalable ► Performant
- 17. The 12 Factor Application A methodology that was drafted by developers at Heroku. A set of guidelines or best practices for portable and resilient applications that are well suited to be in cloud environments. One of the factors indicates the need for self-contained services which are to be deployed as stateless processes. Microservices architecture (so far) is one that can satisfy such a requirement. It does not enforce the tools and libraries that the applications must use, but it provides the solid concepts that the applications must follow.
- 18. The 12 Factor Application • VII. Port binding • Export services via port binding • VIII. Concurrency • Scale out via the process model • IX. Disposability • Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown • X. Dev/prod parity • Keep development, staging, and production as similar as possible • XI. Logs • Treat logs as event streams • XII. Admin processes • Run admin/management tasks as one-off processes • I. Codebase • One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys • II. Dependencies • Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies • III. Config • Store config in the environment • IV. Backing services • Treat backing services as attached resources • V. Build, release, run • Strictly separate build and run stages • VI. Processes • Execute the app as one or more stateless processes
- 19. HOW to preserve state across session, transaction, and network boundaries?
- 20. Techniques / Mechanisms Cache Database-style transactions Cookies Sessions Tokens
- 21. Leader Election (etcd) StatefulSets PersistentVolume Cookie/Session affinity (sticky session) Cloud Native Infrastructure: Containers/Kubernetes This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
- 22. Programming Design Pattern Saga Transactions spanning across multiple services Concept of compensation – no ”rollbacks” (forward strategy) 2 ways of coordination sagas: •Choreography •Orchestration Long-Running Action / Saga Interaction Pattern “Compensator” model Example Library implementing LRA: •MicroProfile LRA (1.0 – May 13, 2021)
- 23. An example of a SAGA (choreography)
- 25. Reactive Systems and the Reactive Manifesto Resilient Elastic Message-Driven Responsive
- 26. Code samples
- 27. Open Liberty session persistence labs Interactive Lab version: https://openliberty.io/guides/#persistence
- 28. Apache Pulsar and Pulsar Functions Free-Tier Astra Cloud: https://astra.datastax.com ● Separation of Compute and Data Storage (Apache BookKeeper) ● Native from the start as a cloud-native provider ○ Multi-tenancy ○ Geo-replication
- 30. Resources (Code samples, Design Patterns, Open Source Libraries) ● Code samples: ○ Open Liberty session persistence using JCache & Hazelcast https://openliberty.io/guides/sessions.html ○ A Stateful Open Liberty application in Kubernetes https://github.com/mgrygles/stateful-kube-demo Saga Design Pattern: https://microservices.io/patterns/data/saga.html MicroProfile LRA 1.0: https://download.eclipse.org/microprofile/microprofile-lra-1.0/microprofile-lra-spec- 1.0.html LRA Blog: MicroProfile Long Running Actions in Open Liberty ● Open Liberty: https://openliberty.io/ ○ Free tutorials/Guides: https://openliberty.io/guides ● MicroProfile: http://microprofile.io/ ● Jakarta EE: https://jakarta.ee/
- 31. Resources (Cloud, Cloud-Native, DevOps) ● IBM Developer (all topics): https://developer.ibm.com ● IBM Developer (Cloud): https://developer.ibm.com/depmodels/cloud/ ● IBM Developer (Cloud DevOps): https://www.ibm.com/cloud/devops ● IBM Developer (Cloud Native): https://www.ibm.com/cloud/cloud-native/ ● IBM Developer (Saga Pattern): https://developer.ibm.com/articles/use-saga-to-solve-distributed-transaction-management-pr oblems-in-a-microservices-architecture/ ● Programming with Java on IBM Cloud (IBM Cloud Docs): https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/java?topic=cloud-native-overview ● Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF): https://github.com/cncf/ ● The 12 Factor App (Cloud Native Best Practices): https://12factor.net/
- 32. Resources (Apache Pulsar, Cassandra, AstraDB, Astra Streaming) Astra Streaming: https://www.datastax.com/products/astra-streaming Luna Streaming: https://www.datastax.com/products/luna-streaming Astra Cloud (free-tier Managed Cassandra on the Cloud): https://astra.datastax.com/ https://pulsar.apache.org/ https://bookkeeper.apache.org/ https://zookeeper.apache.org
- 33. Managed Cassandra on the IBM Cloud https://www.ibm.com/cloud/databases-for-datastax
- 34. Other Great Devnexus Sessions:
- 35. Join our community meetups & free trainings IBM Expert TV: https://techtv.bemyapp.com/ IBM Developer on Meetup.com (includes all IBM Developer meetup groups in cities all over the world!) https://www.meetup.com/pro/ibmdeveloper/ DataStax YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/DataStax Highly recommended also: Chicago Java Users Group (CJUG) https://www.meetup.com/ChicagoJUG/
- 36. Follow Mary’s Twitch Stream (Different topics: Java, Open Source, Distributed Messaging, Event-Streaming, Cloud, DevOps, etc) Wednesday at 2pm-US/Central https://twitch.tv/mgrygles
- 37. Join Pulsar at the ‘hood https://www.meetup.com/pro/apache-pulsar-neighborhood https://pulsar-neighborhood.github.io/
- 38. Join Mary on Discord https://discord.gg/RMU4Juw Thank You! @mgrygles https://linkedin.com/in/mary-grygleski https://github.com/mgrygles https://dev.to/mgrygles @gracejansen27 https://linkedin.com/in/grace-jansen https://github.com/GraceJanse https://developer.ibm.com/profiles/grace.jansen1/