This document discusses key marketing concepts like consumer insight, brand positioning, brand idea, and brand communication idea. It provides definitions and explanations of each concept. Consumer insight is defined as the underlying behaviors, motivations, pain points and emotions of consumers. Different types of consumer insights are needed at different stages of developing the brand positioning, brand idea, and brand communications idea. Real-life examples from Vietnamese brands are also provided to illustrate how consumer insights can inform the development of brand fundamentals.