DNA VACCINE.pptx
- 2. • DNA vaccination is a technique for protecting against disease by injection with genetically engineered DNA (Plasmid DNA) so cells directly produce an antigen, producing protective immunological response. • Muscle cells take up the DNA and the encoded protein antigen is expressed, leading to both a Humoral antibody response and a Cell-mediated response. • Several DNA vaccinesare available for Veterinary use. Currently no DNA vaccines have been approved for human use. • A veterinary protect horses from West Nile virus (ssRNA
- 3. • An improved method for administering these vaccines entails coating microscopic gold beads with the plasmid DNA and then delivering the coated particles through the skin into the underlying muscle with an air gun (called a Gene gun). This will allow rapid delivery of a vaccine to large populations without the requirement for huge supplies of needles and syringes. • Research of DNA Vaccine is underway for viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases in humans, as well as for several cancers.
- 4. Advantages of DNA Vaccines • No risk for infection • Antigen presentation by both MHC molecules • Ease of development and production
- 5. Stability for storage and shipping • long-term persistence of immunogen • Encoded protein is expressed in the host in its naturalform there is no denaturation or modification. • Refrigeration is not required for the handling and storage of the plasmid DNA, a feature that greatly lowers the cost and complexity of delivery. • DNA vaccines also induce both Humoral and Cellmediated immunity. • DNA vaccines cause prolonged expression of the antigen, which generates significant immunological
- 6. Disadvantages of DNA Vaccines Limited to protein immunogens (not useful for non-protein based antigens such as bacterial polysaccharides) • Risk of affecting genes controlling cell growth • Possibility of inducing antibody production against DNAPossibility of tolerance to the antigen (protein) produced • Potential for atypical processing of bacterial andparasite proteins
- 8. Thank you