71th Constitution Day of India
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The document outlines the significance of the Constitution of India, highlighting its role as the foundational law that establishes the parliamentary democratic framework and the responsibilities of the government's three branches. It discusses the Constitution's historical context, features, and evolution, including its amendments and the adoption date of January 26, 1950. Additionally, it notes the Constitution's unique characteristics, such as its handwritten format and the artistic contributions of its creators.
71th Constitution Day of India
- 2. What is the Constitution? These inscriptions in Hindi and English at the Central Hall of Parliament House refer to the meeting of the Constituent Assembly of India in this Hall from Dec. 9, 1946 to January 24, 1950. “The Constitution is not an instrument for the government to restrain the people, it is an instrument for the people to restrain the government.” - -Patrick Henry Patrick Henry (1736-1799)
- 3. Almost everything we do is governed by some set of rules . There are rules for games (like- soccer), for social clubs and for adults in the workplace. There are also rules imposed by morality and custom that play an important role in telling us what we should and should not do. For example- In the game of soccer, a referee has "full authority to enforce the Rules or Law of the Game on the Players”, when a player do something against the Rules referee takes action like send-off a player, as shown in images below. should Should not Red-card What is the Constitution?
- 4. Constitution of India Definition, Structure & Key Features The Constitution of India is the foundational law laying down the basic political structure of India – i.e. a Parliamentary Democracy and a Republic with a Federal Structure It defines the 3 organs of the Republic of India – the Executive, the Legislature and the Judiciary and clearly defines their power as well as demarcates their responsibilities World’s Longest The original copy of the Indian Constitution is 251 pages long- it is the most detailed in the world Contents It contains 395 Articles, 22 Parts and 12 Schedules Amendments It has undergone 103 amendments till date
- 5. Need for Constitution in a Democracy What does the Constitution provide to its citizens? In a democracy, the Constitution is a sacred text for the Government- It lays a strong foundation for a parliamentary democracy to function. The Constitution is the supreme law of a Nation India is the largest democracy in the world, and its Constitution serves as a guiding light for it to function smoothly and vibrantly. Ever evolving, the Constitution of India is dynamic and adapts itself to changing times, to address the changing needs and requirements of a developing nation.
- 6. Indian Constitutional History 1.324 BC - 185 BC 2.1599AD-1765AD 3.1765AD-1858AD 4.1858AD-1947AD 5.1950AD Emperor Ashoka Maurya established constitutional principles, Engraved them in major rocks, pillar and on minor rocks for public to take reference. Also known as Edicts of Ashoka. East India Company takes total administrative control by gaining right of taxation in Bengal after Battle of Plassey (1757). East India Company takes total unified control over the whole of India from a single center in Calcutta. But its rule ended with the Revolt of 1857. This period of the British Raj was the time when the Constitution of India took shape. Finally Constitution of India, created in independent India by its own free people, was adopted on 26 November 1949 and came into effect on 26 January 1950. As we know it and use it today. The History of Constitution of India.
- 7. The Framing of Constitution of India. Borrowed features of constitution of India 1.From U.K. - Nominal Head – President, Cabinet System of Ministers, Post of PM, Parliamentary Type of Govt., Bicameral Parliament, Lower House more powerful, Council of Ministers responsible to Lower House, Provision of Speaker in Lok Sabha. 2.From U.S.A- Written constitution, Appointment of Vice President, Fundamental Rights, Supreme court, Head of the state known as president, Provision of states, Judicial review 3.From Australia- Concurrent List, Centre-State relationship, Language of the Preamble 4.From USSR- Fundamental Duties, Five year plan 5.From Germany- Emergency provisions 6.From Japan- Law on which the Supreme Court functions 7.From Canada- Federal System and Residuary powers 8.From South Africa- Procedure of constitutional amendment 9.From Ireland- Concept of Directive Principles of state policy.
- 8. Structures of Constitution of India The Constitution, in its current form (March 2011), consists of 1 preamble, 25 parts containing 450 articles, 12 schedules, 2 appendices and 97 amendments to date. Although it is federal in nature it also has a strong unitary bias. Constitution of India Fundamental Rights Directive Principles Preamble 1 Amendments 97 Parts 25 Articles 450 Schedules 12 Fundamental Duties Appendices 2 Components of Constitution of India
- 9. Interesting Facts about written Constitutions of Federal Republic Did you know? 1. The Indian Constitution’s name is borrowed from the US 2. Its positions & functions is borrowed from the British Constitution The Constitution of Germany The American Constitution- The oldest Constitution in the world The Constitution of the People’s Republic of China Cover page of the calligraphic copy of the Constitution of India in English The Australian Constitution
- 10. Interesting Facts about Indian Constitution The Indian Constitution is completely hand-written and designed Sh. Nand Lal Bose, a pioneer of modern Indian Art, designed the borders of every page of the Constitution and adorned it with art pieces. Sh. Prem Behari Narain Raizada, a master of calligraphic art, single- handedly handwrote the Constitution. Although it took him 6 months to Did you know? The original manuscript of the Constitution was written on parchment sheets measuring 16X22 inches having a lifespan of a thousand years! It weighed 3.75 kgs. Expert Translation Committee meeting held at Council House, New Delhi on 22 January 1950 under the Chairmanship of Shri G.S. Gupta for signing the Hindi translation of the Constitution of India. complete the task, yet he charged no money for his work.
- 11. Conclusion Picture shows the pages from the Constitution of India, at the PARLIAMENT MUSEUM, Parliament Library Building, New Delhi. PARLIAMENT MUSEUM : A high-tech story-telling Museum depicting the continuum of the democratic heritage in India has been dedicated to the Nation by Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam, President of India on 14th August 2006.