Laundry Services.pptx
- 1. Laundry Services Learning Objectives: • Wash the laundry using the step-by-step guide • Identify the common stains in the fabric • Read and interpret fabric care labels • Observe safe laundry practices • Evaluate the potential of laundry services.
- 2. Lesson 1 Fabric Structure and Finishes Sources of Fabric 1. Cotton 2. Wool 3. Linen 4. Silk 5. Regenerated cellulose fibers 6. Synthetic fibers
- 3. Cotton Cotton is a unicellular natural fiber that grows on cotton plants., forming around the seeds in the cotton ball. It is cool to wear, has a soft handle, a good drape , and is durable. It can be washed and ironed, but it creases easily, is very absorbent.
- 4. Fabrics made of cotton: Cotton Lawn Mercerised cotton
- 5. Wool Wool is sheared from the fleece of the sheep. The fabric is warm, absorbent and breathable and repels water.
- 6. Fabrics made of wool Worsted Flannel Serge Botany Wool delaine
- 7. Linen • Linen is a fabric taken from processed flax plant. • It is fresh and cool to wear, has a stiffer handle, and a good drape. • It is durable, but can be washed and ironed. It creases badly and is very absorbent, but is also fast drying.
- 8. Fabrics made of Linen Drill Holland Linen Ramie
- 9. Silk • Silk is from a fine fiber from a woven cocoon. • It drapes well and be dyed easily. • It is lustrous and durable fabric.
- 10. Fabrics made of silk Habotai Chiffon
- 11. Regenerated cellulose fibers • Are fibers processed from wood pulps
- 12. Regenerated cellulose fibers Lyocell Tencel
- 13. Synthetic fibers • Are heat sensitive and high temperatures in the dryer or when ironing can cause them to melt shrink or deform. • Even the hot-water setting on a washer can create permanent wrinkles in the spin cycle.
- 15. Kinds of Fabric
- 16. Silk is a fabric made of strong fiber of the moth larvae. Miore is a fabric known as watermark. Denim is a durable twilled cotton fabric. Muslin is an inexpensive cotton fabric that is light in color. Calico is a plain cotton weave with busy small floral pattern Tapestry is a heavy embroidered fabric
- 17. Finishing Processes – are usually applied to fabric before it is manufactured into products. The processes can change or alter a number of the fabric’s properties, including its feel, durability and appearance. Procesess can be; Physical Finishes Chemical Finishes Biological Finishes New Finishes
- 18. Brushing • A. Brushing – can be applied to natural and man-made fabrics, in example, wool, cotton and polyester. The fabric is passed between numbers of rollers which have tiny wires on the surface.
- 19. Laminating • Joins layers of fabrics together using adhesive or heat. • The process can be applied to cotton and polyester and produces an enhanced fabric with more properties.
- 20. Calendering • Is similar to embossing but the heated rollers are smooth. This leaves a shiny and smooth finish on the fabric.
- 21. Raising • Is done by treating the fabric with sharp teeth to lift the surface fibers, thereby imparting hairiness, softness and warmth, such as in flannelette.
- 22. Shrinking or Sanforizing • Is when the fabric is forced to shrink the width or length to minimize the shrinkage of the fabric after subsequent laundering.
- 23. A Laser • Draws decorative patterns onto natural or man-made fabrics.
- 24. Chemical Finishes • There are a large number of chemical finishes that are used for clothing, furnishings, bedding, hard and soft furnishing and outdoor products.
- 25. Anti- felting • Is a finish that is applied to wool. • It can either be applied by a synthetic polymer coating or an oxidative finish. Both of these processes soften the wool.
- 26. Bleaching • Is a process which removes the natural colour of wools, linens and cottons. • The degree of bleaching necessary is determined by the required whiteness and absorbency.
- 27. Flame • Proofing can be applied to a number of different fabrics • The process is either applied to a yarn or fabric. It will slow down the burning process but not stop burning completely.
- 28. Waterproofing • Is applied at the fabric stage • A silicone based chemical coats the fabric, leaving a waterproof layer. To make fabric stain resistant a silicone based chemical is applied to the fabric which stops stains from penetrating the fabric.
- 29. Scouring • Is a chemical washing process made on cotton fabric to remove natural wax and non-fibrous impurities such as the remains of seed fragments from the fibers. • Scouring is usually done in iron vessels called kiers.
- 30. Keypoints to Consider in Fabric Finish 1. Finishing processes change the properties of fabrics, allowing them new uses. 2. Physical processes such embossing and brushing mechanically alter the surface of the fabric. 3. Biostoning and biopolishing are both biological finishes in which enzymes attack the fabric. 5. New methods of fabric finishes have produced fire, abrasion, and chemical resistant fabrics.