About UAV / UAS for Transportation - Regulation & Business Case Analysis
- 1. Local and Regional B2B UAC Services Unmanned Air Cargo Conference 26 May 2016 become a world leader of Robotic Aerial Technologies to support sustainable society development
- 2. Disclaimer To the best of our knowledge all Information provided in this document is true at the time of publication. Nevertheless any judgement based on Neva Aerospace information must be at your own risk and must be backed up by your own due diligence. The technologies of Neva Aerospace are highly innovative and new risks and/or new opportunities may be discovered in due course; these may well change the business plan proposed to you in this document. Neva Aerospace shall not be held liable under any circumstance for the non-realisation of any specific expectations of your organisation’s investment. Copyright: Information and images belongs to Neva Aerospace Ltd and cannot be reproduced without prior written approval, otherwise when third party images are used, the images belongs to their respective owner(s). Contact : [email protected] This presentation is authorised for distribution to delegates of the Unmanned Cargo Aircraft Conference and the PUCA Members – 2016. 2 Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 3. I - The Company II - Neva Technologies III - UAC for Regional & Local Transportation IV - The Economics V - RPAS, Logistic Business & UAC VI - Summary VII - Q&A 3 Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 4. I – The Company 4 Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 5. Neva Aerospace is a consortium company that is developing advanced electric drones and flying robots (Unmanned Air Vehicles / UAVs), flying vehicles (Air Utility Vehicles / AUVs) and associated technologies. Our aim is to become a world leader of Robotic Aerial Technologies to support sustainable society development. Currently Available Technology : • Neva Drones (UAVs) • Neva Flying Robots (FlyBots) Portfolio Technologies: • Flying Vehicles (AUVs) • Manned Air Vehicles (MAVs) • Specialised Electric Ducted Fan technologies : VTOL Turbines High-reactivity EDF Company Activity 5 Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 6. Consortium Members: as of Jan. 2016 Neva benefits from Consortium Members’s Expertise, Experience, Facilities and Resources to achieve the common target : « The whole is greater than the sum of its parts”! • Currently 5 Consortium Members totalling 100 people with Facilities: Workshops & Offices: • Assembly and flight testing are done by the Lithuanian Space & Science Institute (SSTI) • Worldwide Telecom network coverage for drone control: – Mobile European cover for 3G/4G – Worldwide SATCOM coverage from ArcuNovus (SatGate Vilnius)
- 7. II - NEVA Technologies 7 Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 8. Distributed Propulsion a Game Changer 8 PLAY VIDEOS Payload : 25% to 50% of total drone Weight Based on 3 Dimensional Distributed Propulsion invented by Prof Brotherton-Ratcliffe – 10 years ago for Small airplanes. Technology Key diferentiators : 1 – Using electric Turbine : Safe 2 - Using 3D Arrays of e-turbines : High-stability 3 – Scalability : Heavy Weight from 20kg to 2 Tonnes Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 9. Critical Components Developed : ATHENA Turbine 8in. VTOL CERES Turbine 18in. VTOL CERES Modules EOLE Module (based on multiple Turbines) IRIS TELECOM Controller Multi-Channel, Multi- granularity Transmission 2G/3G/4G/WIFI/SATCOM BACUS – Ultra-Light Charger & Monitoring System MICRON CONTROLLER Compact Flight Controller for multi-engine (up to 128) allowing for precision VTOL, Linear Flight, general aviation and remote operation. Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 10. 10 2 Years Road To Certification 3 Main Product Lines Tracks MICRON CONTROLLER for precision VTOL, Linear Flight, general aviation and remote operation. ROTORCRAFT Product line TRACK WINGCRAFT Product Line TRACK 4 Patents Alpha Demonstrator – 42 Kg, 17 Turbines Eole-A Module (commercial) 4 VTOL Athena Turbines Vlinder 40 Turbines (Commercial) (Athena & Ceres) Teayget xxx Turbines (Commercial) (Athena & Ceres) Athena 7in. Turbine From 1kgf to 5Kgf Ceres 17in. Turbine From 5kgf to 20Kgf Apollo 34in Turbine From 30kgf to 90Kgf Q1-2016 Q1-2018 Market Verticals 2013 And earlier Electric Ducted Fan Track (e-TURBINES/ e-Turbo Fans) Product Line TRACK Micron-FR-01 18Kg – 8 turbines – VTOL Transition Test Micron-B 50Kg – 8 turbines – VTOL Commercial All information on this slide are ‘expected future results and are subject to change with prior notice MAIA 500Kg – 50 turbines – VTOL Commercial
- 11. 11CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION – DO NOT FORWARD. NDA APPLIES NEVA Global Drones Information and Management Infrastructure System (GDIMIS) Providing more Safety, more control and alternate to CPDLC for UAV/UAS Neva GDIMIS PLATFORM Microsoft Azure Cloud Solution Major SAP Native Components for Real Time Processing • SAP HANA real time Big Data Management • SAP Business Objects Business Intelligence (BI) platform High Priority Data Pilot Remote-Office (PiRO) • Real Time position Control & Flight Plan situation • Emergency control Situation • Support & Advise for Maintenance Medium Priority Data Payload Data Management (PaDaM) • Real Time Emergency Information from Payload • Payload Operators control systems • Medium critical Payload Data Low Priority Data Non-Critical Data Management (NoCriDam) • Full Mission data analysis for maintenance • Full payload data for clients (sensors, HD camera, etc..) • Partial transmission during mission • Request of specific data in case of emergency request • Big Data Post processing (MRO, CMMS, ERP, etc.. Pilot Local Control (RLOS) • Real Time RC Pilot • Radio / Visual Line of Sight Piloting • Testing, landing & take-off Global Pilot data center Traffic control (National) Payload Client DataCenter SAP ERP & EAM At Clients Third Party Post- processing Data Analysis Neva-GDIMIS Platform allows access to third parties to program their own modules Flight Controller Payload Controller TELECOM Module 1 000’s DRONES Legacy 2.4GHz rc transmission BRLOS Multi-channel type transmission SATCOM 2G/3G/WIFI Global Fly&Control Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 12. III – UAC for Regional & Local Transportation 12 Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 13. Why UAC for Local Transportation ? The Addressable Markets Lightweight quad- copters and Parrot- drones for leisure and non-critical surveillance No Heavy Payload High Sensitivity to Weather Toys & Flying Sensors 50gr to 25kg (50 lb) Lightweight drones: • Toys & Flying sensors • Mostly electrical • Mostly VTOL only • Slow • Limited by weather conditions Predator, Neuron and other military drones based on standard aviation No Civilian Use Not VTOL High Maintenance Cost Army & Defence 500kg to 25T Heavy Military Drones: • Heavy • Fuel based • No VTOL • Long Range • Fast B2B Heavy Industrial : • 5kg to 2 000kg payload • Electrical & Hybrid • Medium range • Engine failure resilient • Fast & VTOL 13 Trucks’ Market $428b p.a. Renewal & New : $428b a year with more than 3.7m Trucks sold in 2024 . (source IBISWorld Research and Deloitte Truck Report 2014) B2C & small UAV Market Size : less than a $1.6b a year Overcrowded market already (+500 players). Defence Market Size : few $xxb surveillance & war machines. Mostly robotic airplanes (+50 players) UAC – Logistics – Regional Transportation According to Centre for Economics & Business Research (London): Traffic Jams did cost the industry more than $124b in 2014 for USA and will cost US & EU more than $294b from 2030
- 14. Regional & Local UAC The most likely Scenario is B2B From / To: • Warehouses • Logistic Centres • Factories • Airfields • Airports These sites are : • Regulated to allow only professionals or trained personnel • Restricted area from the general public • Have specific EHS regulations and insurances • Required professionals on site to be trained with personal protective equipment (PPE) • Civil & Industrial Risks for assets & people Insured 14 Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 15. Regulatory EU Context Weight & Air Worthiness Certificates • Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) • Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 mandates the Agency to regulate Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) and in particular Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS), when used for civil applications and with an operating mass of 150 Kg or more. • Experimental or amateur build RPAS, military and non-military governmental RPAS flights, civil RPAS below 150 Kg as well as model aircraft are regulated by individual Member States of the European Union. Toys, even if capable of flying but not equipped with internal combustion engine, are subject to Directive 2009/48/EC. and • Agency is member of the Joint Authorities for Rulemaking on Unmanned Systems (JARUS) which is currently developing recommended requirements for: – Licensing of remote pilots; – RPAS operations in Visual Line-of-Sight (VLOS) and beyond (BVLOS); – Civil RPAS operators and Approved Training Organisations for remote pilots (JARUS-ORG); – Certification specifications for light unmanned rotorcraft (CS-LURS) and aeroplanes (CS-LURS) below 600 Kg; – Performance requirements for 'detect and avoid' to maintain the risk of mid-aid collision below a tolerable level of safety (TLS) and taking into account all actors in the total aviation system; – Performance requirements for command and control data link, whether in direct radio line-of-sight (RLOS) or beyond (BRLOS) and in the latter case supported by a Communication Service Provider (COM SP); – Safety objectives for airworthiness of RPAS ('1309') to minimize the risk of injuries to people on the ground; and – Processes for airworthiness. Source: https://www.easa.europa.eu/unmanned-aircraft-systems-uas-and-remotely-piloted-aircraft-systems-rpas And http://jarus-rpas.org/content/jar-doc-04 15 Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 16. 16 LOCAL UAV/ARP/UAC Airspace Context Flights below 10,000 feet MSL Sources: Wikimedia , Foolfyer.com and various
- 17. Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference IV – The Economics 17
- 18. Unmanned Air Cargo Business Local & Regional UAC – LT650Kg 18 1 3 5 7 10 20 50 802 € 540 € 439 € 396 € 363 € 326 € 303 € 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cost of Delivery vs Quantity of Drones in Fleet with a Team of 3 Pilots(*) (Package Delivery Cost) Drones in Fleet Costs per Deliveries Assumptions: • 50Km travel • Inbound Full & Return Empty • Delivery of 25KG to 50KG packages • Cost of a drone: 600K€ • Cost of Hourly Pilot: 60€/hr Results • From €4/Km to €2.8/km • €0.27 Kg.Km (€270 TKm) (@3pilots.20Drones) From 2 to 4 times higher than Trucks(**) but Trucks hidden cost not accounted for: Traffic Jam, Idle Time, Waiting time, rest time, Accident rate, Driver’s default, etc.. Key Points for UAC: • No Traffic Jam • 24/7 Operations • Hybrid / Fully Electrical • Aircraft Accident low • RPAS Team of Pilots (24/7) • Fleet of Drones Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference Neva-UAC-Scenario-Economics-Methodology-V0.3 (*) first point calculated with 1 drone & 2 pilots (**)“Average cost for trucks obtained from the model is $0.64/km. That is very close to the average cost from the survey of $0.69/km. Average cost per truckload is about $250 per truckload in the survey and $232 from the model. Marginal cost per truckload is $6.51 and marginal cost per kilometer is $0.65” from Operating Costs for Trucks David Levinson*, Michael Corbett, Maryam Hashami
- 19. The Economics 19 15% 3% 51% 7% 3% 21% Drone Operation Main Costs CAPEX cost (for one day) (Euro)* Opex cost MRO (by flying time use) (euro) Pilot Costs (+100% of Prep Time for regulatory) (euro) Software (1 full day of use) (euro) Insurance (one full day) (euro) Fuel/Battery switch (euro) 2 Pilots & 1 Drone 34% 7% 9%1%1% 48% Drone Operation Main Costs CAPEX cost (for one day) (Euro)* (Total Fleet) Opex cost MRO (by flying time use) (euro) (Total Fleet) Pilot Costs (+100% of Prep Time for regulatory) (euro) Software (1 full day of use) (euro) Insurance (one full day) (euro) Fuel/Battery switch (euro) 3 Pilots & 20 Drones Not surprisingly, UAC Business model for Delivery is directly impacted by human control & management Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 20. Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference V –RPAS, Logistic Business & UAC 20
- 21. Changes in the Businesses • We are at the very beginning of a new era: – Logistic companies will be able to have 24/7 operations with fleets of drones running at all times – Air Traffic Control will have to deal with an increase of RPAS traffic, certification and interactions with IFR & VFR Traffic. – Pilots syndicates will have to come up with guidelines – Air Safety Agencies will need to work out new procedures for civilian UAC RPAS emergency procedures. 21 Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 22. UAC Business Model Team of Pilots with a Fleet of Drones • The business model implies a Team of Pilots with a Fleet of Drones. This in turn implies: – New ways of handling relation with Air Traffic Control – New ways for the pilots to work together (RPAS Centers and Emergency procedures & Training) – New systems for data management (IS near Real Time platform with Multi-channel connection: SatCom, Radio, 3G/4G, ….) for Pilot Centers and link to ATC – Link(s) to Datalink (CPDLC)… 22 Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 23. Regulator’s Approval • The business model implies approval from the regulator & Reviews: – RPAS IFR Instruments within UAV – VTOL airworthiness certification : light airplanes and/or helicopters or both ? – IFR Approval on BRLOS for UAV of 150Kg and more – Systems redundancies ( how many ?) – All-Time communication for emergency purpose (SATCOM) (bandwidth ?) – Communication System issue: Link(s) to Datalink (CPDLC)…(Pilots-To-Air-Control) – Transponder – ADS B (?) – Going IFR through unregulated airspace : segregated corridors, adapting VFR procedures ? 23
- 24. Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference VI – Summary 24
- 25. Summary • The beginning of a new era: Unmanned Air Cargo – Logistic companies will be able to have 24/7 operations with teams of pilots based – Air Traffic Control will have to set specific rules and routes (?) for UAC traffic and certification of UAC vehicles, as well Rules for UAC on IFR & VFR Airspace transit will be needed – Pilots will have to work in teams managing fleet of heavy drones (from 10 to 20 at any time) – Pilot team work procedure and civilian UAC emergency procedures will have to be devised. 25 Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference
- 26. Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference VII –Q&A 26
- 27. Contacts Contact : [email protected] Neva Aerospace Ltd. Sussex Innovation Centre Science Park Square Falmer Brighton BN1 9SB U.K. 27 Neva Aerospace – 2016 – UCA Conference