TV PRODUCTION
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This document outlines the three main stages of television program production: pre-production, production, and post-production. It describes the key stages and tasks of each including idea generation, scripting, equipment preparation, filming, and editing. It also discusses the major equipment needed like cameras, lights, microphones, and editing machines. Finally, it identifies some of the key professionals involved at each stage of production such as producers, directors, script writers, actors, camera operators, and sound recordists.
TV PRODUCTION
- 1. Submitted by:- Hemant goyal Anil sokariya Sanwata ram mundel Submitted to:-
- 2. INTRODUCTIONHave you ever thought what goes behind any television programme production? Or, have you ever noticed the names of the people involved in production process that appear on television after the programme ends? In this lesson, you will learn about the different stages of television programme production, various equipment required for production of television programmes and the work profiles of key professionals involved in the production process.
- 3. Now imagine you have to produce a television programme. In a similar manner as above, you will first arrange everything required for the programme production. In the second stage you will actually carry on the production process, and thirdly you will polish the product for the final presentation on television. Thus, we can divide the entire production process into three major stages.
- 5. three stages of programme production Pre production Production Post production
- 6. Pre-Production This stage includes everything you do before entering the studio or reaching the shooting location. It involves idea generation, research, scripting, discussions with all the crew members and talents (actors), arranging equipment, video / audio tapes, properties, costumes, sets designing or location hunting and booking of editing shifts.
- 7. Pre-production stage – getting ideas clear
- 8. Production This is the stage when you are on the studio floor or on location and are ready to shoot or are actually shooting. (You can compare this to the situation when you were in the kitchen carrying out the process of cooking food). It includes managing all the facilities, handling of talent and crew members, controlling the crowd, shooting without hurdles and solving any problem related on the spot at that time.
- 9. Post-Production This is the third stage of programme production. It is the stage when you get the final shape of the programme, just like the way you garnished every food item to be presented on the dining table. It includes cutting the recorded visuals into appropriate length, arranging the visuals in a proper sequence, use of desired effects for the visuals or text / captions, commentary recording, music/song recording, and final assembly of the entire programme.
- 10. Television Production Process Machinery/ equipment required camera lights microphone sound recorder videotape recorder editing machine
- 11. Machinery and Equipment required for Production if you want to make a good programme on television, you need some essential equipment like camera, lights, sound recorder etc. We can categorise the basic production elements as follows:
- 12. Camera The most basic equipment in any and every production is the camera. In our lives also, many of us or our friends must have used the camera for capturing various events. If you carefully look at any camera, you will see a lens in it. This lens selects a part of the visible environment and produces a small optical image. The camera is principally designed to convert the optical image, as projected by the lens, into an electrical signal, often called the video signal.
- 14. Lights Lighting any object or individual has three main purposes: To provide the television camera with adequate illumination for technically acceptable pictures. To show the viewers what the objects shown on screen actually look like, say, for instance, if there was no light in the room, we would not have been able to see how the chair, table or anything else for that matter would look like. Lights also help us know when the event is taking place, in terms of the season and the time of the day. To establish the general mood of the event.
- 16. Microphone Just as you have learnt that the camera converts what it sees into electrical signals, similarly the microphone converts sound waves into electrical energy or the audio signals. But the sounds that we produce are very feeble in nature and, therefore, cannot be sent to larger distances. Therefore it is amplified and sent to the loudspeaker which reconverts them into audible sound.
- 17. There are different types of microphones available for different purposes. Picking up a news anchor’s voice, capturing the sounds of a tennis match, and recording a rock concert - all these require different types of microphones or a set of microphones.
- 18. Videotape recorder As we all know that television is an audio-visual medium, we need to record both audio and visual components. While the sound i.e. audio is recorded on sound recorders, visuals are recorded on video tape in a videotape recorder. Most of the television programmes that we see are recorded on videotape or computer disk before they are actually telecast.
- 19. Post production editing Machine In the post production stage, you select from the recorded material, those visuals which seem to be most relevant and copy them onto another videotape in a specific order. This is called editing. The post production editing equipment/machine helps to edit the programme after it is recorded. While many of the elaborate editing systems may help you to obtain the desired results, most of them cannot make the creative decisions for you. It is therefore important for you to know the desired result and shoot accordingly. Again, the better the pre production and production stages of the programme are, the more easier becomes the post production stage.
- 20. STUDIO AND OUTDOOR RECORDING The recording done essentially within the four walls of the studio for the produc-tion of television programmes is known as studio recording. Whereas, any recording that involves shooting outside the studio is known as outdoor recording.
- 21. Key Professionals in Television Production producer director script writer actors cameraperson sound recordist art director