Ids final project - Ashley Hampton
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This document summarizes research on promoting physical activity in Orange County schools. It examines the topic from the perspectives of health psychology, social psychology, leadership, and business. While parents and teachers generally support physical education, requirements are minimal and implementation is inconsistent. The document recommends that Orange County implement programs like Action Schools and provide staff training to increase physical activity opportunities for students. Evidence suggests physical activity correlates with improved academic performance.
Ids final project - Ashley Hampton
- 1. Dedication This project is dedicated to my Godfather, who has a family that struggled with obesity. Now we are in the process of opening As I Am Community Center and desire to implement this information in the workings to help children be healthy. One step at a time to change of lives of children day by day. 7/31/2012 1
- 2. I, Ashley Hampton, am an interdisciplinary studies student that loves children, desires to make a difference, and enhance the life of others. Graduating in this field has given me a new way of seeing life. 7/31/2012 2
- 3. What can the Orange County School district do to promote physical activity? by Ashley Hampton IDS4934 7/31/2012 3
- 4. What disciplines are examined for this research question? • Health psychology (How physical activity affects the body) • Social psychology ( How the environment can play a factor) • Leadership (What leads or motivates children to participate) • Business (Funding and structure of the programs) 7/31/2012 4
- 5. What is interdisciplinary research? • Combining or involving two or more disciplines to while looking for or analyzing a question and/or problem. • Basically this type of research goes beyond one perspective and looks at the same subject from various points of view. 7/31/2012 5
- 6. How are all of this disciplines in agreement? (Common ground) • Yes, children need exercise, but what dictates these habits or where children learn certain traits vary? • Social Psychology theorizes that children learn from their surrounding environments. • Health Psychology deals with gene-environment interactions and eating behaviors. • Leadership is in the realm of who will direct the children to exercise which can stem from the school, friends, family, and eating habits. • Business, as far as schools are concerned, would work with the school board to rearrange teaching techniques to incorporate physical activity and/or making time for recess and gym. • The basis of the common ground between the disciplines is the agreement that children should exercise and do need to be healthy. 7/31/2012 6
- 7. What are the conflicts between these disciplines? The main conflicts within the disciplines mostly deal mostly with leadership. Many people believe that the initiation of children participating in physical activity should come from home and through the school system. Is helping children be healthy the responsibility of parents, the schools, or both? 7/31/2012 7
- 8. What’s wrong with the physical education that already is in schools? • Physical education in schools are flexible but they don’t have detailed guidelines. • Physical education classes can be taught by teachers that aren’t licensed or certified. • Most physical education requirements can be met online. • There are no exams or testing to measure what the students are learning. 7/31/2012 8
- 9. Cost/Injurie • A lot of physical activity programs have been cut or suspended due to a lack of funding. The cost of a gym facility, equipment, and upkeep was big enough to be taken out of some budgets. Schools would rather spend money on books instead. • Along with add physical activity is injuries, the need for nurses, more supplies, and precautionary measures. All of these needs add to the cost of having physical activity programs. 7/31/2012 9
- 10. Florida’s Mandates on School’s Physical Activity • At least 150 minutes of physical education per week (average of 30 minutes per day) in grades K-5, but it does not require daily recess. – Everyday physical activity is not required (NASPE 27)! • Mandates physical education in grades 6-8, but does not specify minutes per week. – So any amount of time is ok? • The state does not require the use of specific curricula for elementary or middle school/junior/high (NASPE 29). – Other subjects have specific curriculum, why is physical education any different? • The state allows required physical education credits to be earned through online physical education courses (NASPE 31) – How is it truly physical activity if you only have to sit in front of a computer to complete it? 7/31/2012 10
- 11. Florida’s Mandates on School’s Physical Activity Cont’d • The state does not require student assessment in physical education physical education is not included as one of the subject areas on student report cards (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 10). – Why would children take a school subject seriously if they are not tested on the information and activities that they learn? – If there is no type of assessment, then how can you measure what children have retained? • Certification or licensure of physical education teachers is required only at the high school level (NASPE 30). – So teachers that may have no knowledge of physical education can be over a class at the elementary and middle school levels? 7/31/2012 11
- 12. Why is physical activity even important? • The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has noted a direct correlation between regular physical activity and health among children and adolescents (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 7-10). • Aids in preventing childhood obesity and chronic disease(P-J, Naylor 11). • If the First Lady of the United States, who has several issues to contend with, is traveling around our country and implementing ‘Let's Move’ after school programs, that really does speak volumes about the need for physical education! 7/31/2012 12
- 13. What can physical activity develop in children? • Muscle strength, coordination, and a new way of interacting with social skills through physical activity. • Children learn how to make decisions, cooperate, compete constructively, assume leader/follower roles and resolve conflicts by interacting in play (Barney 10). • Play is an essential element of children’s physical and social development. 7/31/2012 13
- 14. What information states that parents and teachers support physical education? • According to one survey, nearly all parents (95%) think that regular daily physical activity helps children do better academically and should be part of a school curriculum for all students in grades K-12 (NASPE 15). • Three out of four parents (76%) think that more school physical education could help control or prevent childhood obesity (NASPE 9). • The majority of parents believe that physical education is at least as important as other academic subjects. The percentages range from 54% to 84%, depending on the subject being compared (NASPE 10). 7/31/2012 14
- 15. Is physical activity the schools responsibility? • Some say parents should start habits of exercise at home. Schools should have to take school time for recess, sports, P.E., and gym. • The school’s responsibility is to give children a good education, not giving them time play and be active. • These activities should be done during the rest of the day while the child is out of school. • If healthy habits and traits are enforced at home, those will over flow to when the child is at school as well. There aren’t enough hours in a school day to spend it on playing around. 7/31/2012 15
- 16. Shouldn’t schools spend time teaching children instead of giving them time to play? • Daily physical education has a positive correlation with academic performance and attitude toward school. • There are several significant patterns of interaction between body motion and speech that demonstrate a role for the body in cognition. ideas of embodied cognition and demonstrates how students can use their own embodied experience to understand the world (Noble 10). 7/31/2012 16
- 17. What can Orange County do? • Incorporate Action Schools (AS) – Action Schools an active school model that provided schools with training and resources to increase children's Physical Activity (Mackey 340). • Planned instructional program with specific objectives. • Child care providers, recreation staff and coaches need training to provide developmentally appropriate, safe and enjoyable activities (AHA 12). 7/31/2012 17
- 18. What can Orange County do? Cont’d • Include programs such as: Health education Elementary school recess After-school physical activity clubs and intramurals, High school interscholastic athletics, Walk/bike-to-school programs, and Staff wellness programs 7/31/2012 18
- 19. Backing of this effort! • School initiatives must be supported and reinforced in other community settings(P- J, Naylor 11). • With the backing of the White House and the First Lady, more resources can and probably will be dedicated to this issue. 7/31/2012 19
- 20. Have these programs been successful? • A 2007-08 study of more than 2.4 million Texas students found that students who were physically fit were more likely to do well on the state’s standardized tests than students who were not physically fit(Texas Education Agency 15). • In 2009, the New York City Health Department and Department of Education reported that physical fitness was associated with higher academic achievement among their public school students(Sherman, Clay P., Cynthia Tran, and Alves 12). • 2010 CDC report analyzes a large body of evidence linking physical education and school-based physical activity with academic performance, including cognitive skills and attitudes, academic behaviors and academic achievement (Sun, Haichun 220). 7/31/2012 20
- 21. Works Cited • Barney, David, and Joe Deutsch 'Elementary Classroom Teachers Attitudes And Perspectives Of Elementary Physical Education' Physical Educator 66.3 (2009): 114-123. Academic Search Premier. Web. 27 July 2012. • H A McKay, et al. "An Active School Model To Promote Physical Activity In Elementary Schools: Action Schools! BC." British Journal Of Sports Medicine 42.5 (2008): 338-343. Academic Search Premier. Web. 10 July 2012. • "Increasing Physical Activity." Solving the Problem Of Childhood Obesity. 5. (2011): 65-85. Web. 29 Jul. 2012. <http://www.letsmove.gov/sites/letsmove.gov/files/TFCO_Increasing_Phy sical_Activity.pdf>. • Journal Of School Health 75.6 (2005): 214-218. Professional Development Collection. Web. 10 July 2012. 7/31/2012 21
- 22. Works Cited Cnt’d • National Association for Sport and Physical Education. (2001). Physical education is critical to a complete education. • Noble, Tracy. "Body motion and physics: How elementary school students use gesture and action to make sense of the physical world." Dissertation Abstracts International Section A 68. (2007). PsycINFO. Web. 10 July 2012. • P-J, Naylor. "Prevention In The First Place: Schools A Setting For Action On Physical Inactivity." British Journal Of Sports Medicine 43.1 (2009): 10-13. Academic Search Premier. Web. 11 July 2012. • Turner, Lindsey, Frank J. Chaloupka, and Sandy J. Slater 'Variations In Elementary School-Based Physical Activity Practices' Journal Of School Health 82.7 (2012): 307-310. Academic Search Premier. Web. 18 July 2012. 7/31/2012 22
- 23. Works Cited Cnt’d • Shape of Our Nation. Reston: National Association for Sport, 2010. Print. • Sherman, Clay P., Cynthia Tran, and Yara Alves. "Elementary School Classroom Teacher Delivered Physical Education: Costs, Benefits And Barriers." Physical Educator 67.1 (2010): 2-17. Academic Search Premier. Web. 10 July 2012. • Sun, Haichun. "Exergaming Impact On Physical Activity And Interest In Elementary School Children." Research Quarterly For Exercise & Sport 83.2 (2012): 212-220. Academic Search Premier. Web. 08 July 2012. • Texas Education Agency. (2009). Physically fit students more likely to do well in school, less likely to be disciplinary problems. Austin, TX: Texas Education Agency. 7/31/2012 23
- 24. Works Cited Cnt’d • U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Physical activity, physical education and academic performance: A review of the literature. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2010. • Vecchiarelli, Stephanie, Michael Prelip, and Wendelin Slusser. "Using Participatory Action Research To Develop A School-Based Environmental Intervention To Support Healthy Eating And Physical Activity." American Journal Of Health Education 36.1 (2005): 35- 42. Education Full Text (H.W. Wilson). Web. 12 July 2012. 7/31/2012 24