Shellvariables in Linux
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There are two types of shell variables: built-in shell variables and user-defined shell variables. Built-in shell variables are created and maintained by the Linux system to define the environment and include variables like HOME, LOGNAME, and PATH. User-defined shell variables are created by users with the syntax variable_name=value and must follow naming conventions like starting with a letter or underscore. These variables can then be used within shell scripts.
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![• General format is,
Sh [-v] <script_filename>
The –v option causes the shell to echo each
command before it is executed.
Command grouping:
General format is,
Command1;command;…
Where ; is the command seperator.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/shellvariables-170529144304/85/Shellvariables-in-Linux-3-320.jpg)
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LINUX:Control statements in shell programmingbhatvijetha The document discusses control statements in shell programming including if/then/else statements, test commands, and case statements. If statements allow running commands conditionally based on the success or failure of a conditional command. Test commands return exit statuses to check conditions like string equality, numerical comparisons, and empty/non-empty strings. Case statements provide multi-branch functionality to run different command blocks based on pattern matches.
Vi editor
Vi editorbhatvijetha different modes of vi editor,delete and insert commands,..how to work in linux enviroment with its vi editor..
Linux directory commands:more options on cd and ls command
Linux directory commands:more options on cd and ls commandbhatvijetha what is external and internal command,options on cd and ls command,...how to change a directory in linux ..
Unix vs linux
Unix vs linuxbhatvijetha differences between unix and linux:
Some people think Unix and Linux as synonyms, but that's not true. Many operating systems were developed to be like Unix but none of them got the popularity as Linux. Linux is the clone of Unix. It has several features similar to Unix, still have some key differences let us see in the presentation..
Linux commands part4
Linux commands part4bhatvijetha The document discusses various Linux commands for communication and general purposes. Some key communication commands are write for online messaging between users, mail for offline messaging, and wall to broadcast a message to all logged-in users. General purpose commands covered include date to view the system time and date, who to see logged-in users, man to view command manuals, and lpr to print files.
Linux commands part3
Linux commands part3bhatvijetha This document discusses several Linux commands used for process management and file manipulation. It describes the dd command which copies and converts files between formats. It also covers the expand, nl, tac, tail, ps, kill, nohup, and batch commands. The ps command displays running processes. Kill terminates processes, including background ones, using their process ID (PID). Nohup runs processes in the background even after logging out. And batch executes commands when the CPU is free.
Linux commands
Linux commandsbhatvijetha A command is normally entered in a line by typing from the keyboard.
Commands , options and command arguments must be seperated by white space or tabs.
Introduction to unix
Introduction to unixbhatvijetha The document provides an introduction and history of UNIX. It describes how UNIX originated from MULTICS in 1969 and was ported to new hardware in 1971. To improve portability, Ken Thompson created a new programming language called B and rewrote UNIX in this language. Dennis Ritchie later modified it to use the C programming language. The document also outlines some key features of UNIX including being multi-user, multitasking, portable, secure, and able to communicate through networking. It describes the organization of UNIX with utilities, applications, the shell interface, and the kernel which manages resources and program execution.
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"Dictyoptera: The Order of Cockroaches and Mantises" Or, more specifically: ...
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Types of Actions in Odoo 18 - Odoo Slides
Types of Actions in Odoo 18 - Odoo SlidesCeline George In Odoo, actions define the system's response to user interactions, like logging in or clicking buttons. They can be stored in the database or returned as dictionaries in methods. Odoo offers various action types for different purposes.
How to Setup Lunch in Odoo 18 - Odoo guides
How to Setup Lunch in Odoo 18 - Odoo guidesCeline George In Odoo 18, the Lunch application allows users a convenient way to order food and pay for their meal directly from the database. Lunch in Odoo 18 is a handy application designed to streamline and manage employee lunch orders within a company.
What are the Features & Functions of Odoo 18 SMS Marketing
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A Brief Introduction About Jack Lutkus
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YSPH VMOC Special Report - Measles Outbreak Southwest US 5-25-2025.pptx
YSPH VMOC Special Report - Measles Outbreak Southwest US 5-25-2025.pptxYale School of Public Health - The Virtual Medical Operations Center (VMOC) CURRENT CASE COUNT: 880
• Texas: 729 (+5) (56% of cases are in Gaines County)
• New Mexico: 78 (+4) (83% of cases are from Lea County)
• Oklahoma: 17
• Kansas: 56 (38.89% of the cases are from Gray County)
HOSPITALIZATIONS: 103
• Texas: 94 - This accounts for 13% of all cases in the State.
• New Mexico: 7 – This accounts for 9.47% of all cases in New Mexico.
• Kansas: 2 - This accounts for 3.7% of all cases in Kansas.
DEATHS: 3
• Texas: 2 – This is 0.28% of all cases
• New Mexico: 1 – This is 1.35% of all cases
US NATIONAL CASE COUNT: 1,076 (confirmed and suspected)
INTERNATIONAL SPREAD
• Mexico: 1,753 (+198) 4 fatalities
‒ Chihuahua, Mexico: 1,657 (+167) cases, 3 fatalities, 9 hospitalizations
• Canada: 2518 (+239) (Includes Ontario’s outbreak, which began November 2024)
‒ Ontario, Canada: 1,795 (+173) 129 (+10) hospitalizations
‒ Alberta, Canada: 560 (+55)
Things to keep an eye on:
Mexico: Three children have died this month (all linked to the Chihuahua outbreak):
An 11-month-old and a 7-year-old with underlying conditions
A 1-year-old in Sonora whose family is from Chihuahua
Canada:
Ontario now reports more cases than the entire U.S.
Alberta’s case count continues to climb rapidly and is quickly closing in on 600 cases.
Emerging transmission chains in Manitoba and Saskatchewan underscore the need for vigilant monitoring of under-immunized communities and potential cross-provincial spread.
United States:
North Dakota: Grand Forks County has confirmed its first cases (2), linked to international travel. The state total is 21 since May 2 (including 4 in Cass County and 2 in Williams County), with one hospitalization reported.
OUTLOOK: With the spring–summer travel season peaking between Memorial Day and Labor Day, both domestic and international travel may fuel additional importations and spread. Although measles transmission is not strictly seasonal, crowded travel settings increase the risk for under-immunized individuals.
How to Manage Orders in Odoo 18 Lunch - Odoo Slides
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"Orthoptera: Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Katydids pptx
"Orthoptera: Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Katydids pptxArshad Shaikh Orthoptera is an order of insects that includes grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids. Characterized by their powerful hind legs, Orthoptera are known for their impressive jumping ability. With diverse species, they inhabit various environments, playing important roles in ecosystems as herbivores and prey. Their sounds, often produced through stridulation, are distinctive features of many species.
Odoo 18 Point of Sale PWA - Odoo Slides
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LDMMIA Free Reiki Yoga S7 Weekly Workshops
LDMMIA Free Reiki Yoga S7 Weekly WorkshopsLDM & Mia eStudios ♥☽✷♥
Make sure to catch our weekly updates. Updates are done Thursday to Fridays or its a holiday/event weekend.
Thanks again, Readers, Guest Students, and Loyalz/teams.
This profile is older. I started at the beginning of my HQ journey online. It was recommended by AI. AI was very selective but fits my ecourse style. I am media flexible depending on the course platform. More information below.
AI Overview:
“LDMMIA Reiki Yoga refers to a specific program of free online workshops focused on integrating Reiki energy healing techniques with yoga practices. These workshops are led by Leslie M. Moore, also known as LDMMIA, and are designed for all levels, from beginners to those seeking to review their practice. The sessions explore various themes like "Matrix," "Alice in Wonderland," and "Goddess," focusing on self-discovery, inner healing, and shifting personal realities.”
♥☽✷♥
“So Life Happens-Right? We travel on. Discovering, Exploring, and Learning...”
These Reiki Sessions are timeless and about Energy Healing / Energy Balancing.
A Shorter Summary below.
A 7th FREE WORKSHOP
REiki - Yoga
“Life Happens”
Intro Reflections
Thank you for attending our workshops. If you are new, do welcome. We have been building a base for advanced topics. Also, this info can be fused with any Japanese (JP) Healing, Wellness Plans / Other Reiki /and Yoga practices.
Power Awareness,
Our Defense.
Situations like Destiny Swapping even Evil Eyes are “stealing realities”. It’s causing your hard earned luck to switch out. Either way, it’s cancelling your reality all together. This maybe common recently over the last decade? I noticed it’s a sly easy move to make. Then, we are left wounded, suffering, accepting endless bad luck. It’s time to Power Up. This can be (very) private and quiet. However; building resources/EDU/self care for empowering is your business/your right. It’s a new found power we all can use for healing.
Stressin out-II
“Baby, Calm down, Calm Down.” - Song by Rema, Selena Gomez (Video Premiered Sep 7, 2022)
Within Virtual Work and VR Sims (Secondlife Metaverse) I love catching “Calm Down” On the radio streams. I love Selena first. Second, It’s such a catchy song with an island feel. This blends with both VR and working remotely.
Its also, a good affirmation or mantra to *Calm down* lol.
Something we reviewed in earlier Workshops.
I rarely mention love and relations but theres one caution.
When we date, almost marry an energy drainer/vampire partner; We enter doorways of no return. That person can psychic drain U during/after the relationship. They can also unleash their demons. Their dark energies (chi) can attach itself to you. It’s SYFI but common. Also, involving again, energy awareness. We are suppose to keep our love life sacred. But, Trust accidents do happen. The Energies can linger on. Also, Reiki can heal any breakup damage...
(See Pres for more info. Thx)
How to Configure Subcontracting in Odoo 18 Manufacturing
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Flower Identification Class-10 by Kushal Lamichhane.pdf
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Kushal Lamichhane
Instructor
Shree Gandhi Adarsha Secondary School
Kageshowri Manohara-09, Kathmandu, Nepal
New syllabus entomology (Lession plan 121).pdf
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*Fundamentals of Entomology*
Entomology is the scientific study of insects, including their behavior, ecology, evolution, classification, and management. Insects are the most diverse group of organisms on Earth, with over a million described species. Understanding entomology is crucial for managing insect pests, conserving beneficial insects, and appreciating their role in ecosystems.
*Key Concepts:*
- Insect morphology and anatomy
- Insect physiology and behavior
- Insect ecology and evolution
- Insect classification and identification
- Insect management and conservation
Entomology has numerous applications in agriculture, conservation, public health, and environmental science, making it a vital field of study.
LDMMIA About me 2025 Edition 3 College Volume
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Make sure to catch our weekly updates. Updates are done Thursday to Fridays or its a holiday/event weekend.
Thanks again, Readers, Guest Students, and Loyalz/teams.
This profile is older. I started at the beginning of my HQ journey online. It was recommended by AI. AI was very selective but fits my ecourse style. I am media flexible depending on the course platform. More information below.
AI Overview:
“LDMMIA Reiki Yoga refers to a specific program of free online workshops focused on integrating Reiki energy healing techniques with yoga practices. These workshops are led by Leslie M. Moore, also known as LDMMIA, and are designed for all levels, from beginners to those seeking to review their practice. The sessions explore various themes like "Matrix," "Alice in Wonderland," and "Goddess," focusing on self-discovery, inner healing, and shifting personal realities.”
Quiz-E-Mataram (Under 20 Quiz Set) .pptx
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Active Surveillance For Localized Prostate Cancer A New Paradigm For Clinical...
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Paper 110A | Shadows and Light: Exploring Expressionism in ‘The Cabinet of Dr...
Paper 110A | Shadows and Light: Exploring Expressionism in ‘The Cabinet of Dr...Rajdeep Bavaliya Dive into the haunting worlds of German Expressionism as we unravel how shadows and light elevate ‘The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari’ and ‘Nosferatu: A Symphony of Horror’ into timeless masterpieces. Discover the psychological power of chiaroscuro, distorted sets, and evocative silhouettes that shaped modern horror. Whether you’re a film buff or a budding cinephile, this journey through post‑WWI trauma and surreal visuals will leave you seeing movies in a whole new light. Hit play, share your favorite shock‑and‑awe moment in the comments, and don’t forget to follow for more deep‑dives into cinema’s most influential movements!
M.A. Sem - 2 | Presentation
Presentation Season - 2
Paper - 110A: History of English Literature – From 1900 to 2000
Submitted Date: April 1, 2025
Paper Name: History of English Literature – From 1900 to 2000
Topic: Shadows and Light: Exploring Expressionism in ‘The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari’ and ‘Nosferatu: A Symphony of Horror’
[Please copy the link and paste it into any web browser to access the content.]
Video Link: https://youtu.be/pWjHqo6clT4
For a more in-depth discussion of this presentation, please visit the full blog post at the following link:
Please visit this blog to explore additional presentations from this season:
Hashtags:
#GermanExpressionism #SilentHorror #Caligari #Nosferatu #Chiaroscuro #VisualStorytelling #FilmHistory #HorrorCinema #CinematicArt #ExpressionistAesthetics
Keyword Tags:
Expressionism, The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, Nosferatu, silent film horror, film noir origins, German Expressionist cinema, chiaroscuro techniques, cinematic shadows, psychological horror, visual aesthetics
TechSoup Microsoft Copilot Nonprofit Use Cases and Live Demo - 2025.05.28.pdf
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This event series to help nonprofits obtain Copilot skills is made possible by generous support from Microsoft.
YSPH VMOC Special Report - Measles Outbreak Southwest US 5-25-2025.pptx
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Shellvariables in Linux
- 1. Shell variables Build in shell variables User defined shell variables bhatvijetha
- 2. • If a sequence of commands is to be used repeatedly we can assign them permanently in a file. This file is called shell script. • The shell script can be executed in two methods. • One method using sh command. • Another one is to grant executable permission to the file using chmod command and then type the filename at the prompt.
- 3. • General format is, Sh [-v] <script_filename> The –v option causes the shell to echo each command before it is executed. Command grouping: General format is, Command1;command;… Where ; is the command seperator.
- 4. Shell variables • There are two types : • Build in shell variables User defined shell variables Build in shell variables: These variables are created and maintained by the linux system. These variables are used to define environment . So it is called environment variables. an environment is a area in memory where we can place definitions of shell variables so that they are accessible from the programs. Some of the build in variables are HOME,LOGNAME,PATH,MAIL,IFS,EXINIT,PS1,PS2,TERM.
- 5. USER DEFINED SHELL VARIABLES These variables are created by the users with the following syntax, <variable _name>=<value> There must be space between either two sides of = sign. Rules for naming shell variables: The variables must begin with a letter or underscore character. The remaining characters may be letters ,numbers or underscores. No spaces are allowed on either side of the equal sign. If the <value> contains blank spaces,t hen it should be enclosed within double quotes. Examples:$netpay=14000 Value 14000 is assigned to the variable netpay.
- 6. USER DEFINED SHELL VARIABLES These variables are created by the users with the following syntax, <variable _name>=<value> There must be space between either two sides of = sign. Rules for naming shell variables: The variables must begin with a letter or underscore character. The remaining characters may be letters ,numbers or underscores. No spaces are allowed on either side of the equal sign. If the <value> contains blank spaces,t hen it should be enclosed within double quotes. Examples:$netpay=14000 Value 14000 is assigned to the variable netpay.