spectroscopy rare earth ions tm ho yag solid state lasers water vapor voight lineshape compositional tuning 094 micron ndyag ylf tmho hotm solid state laser er nd lasers rare-earth low phonon materials mid infrared lasers atmospheric remote sensing lanthanide-doped materials quantum dot zinc sulfide semiconductor nanoparticle luminescence cadmium selenide cdsezns thermometry cross section judd judd ofelt theory lantanide dipole transition oscillator strength ofelt judd-ofelt
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