CoreOS: Control Your Fleet
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This document discusses CoreOS, an open source operating system for building distributed systems and containers. It describes key CoreOS components like Docker, etcd, Fleet and Cloudinit. It provides instructions on setting up a CoreOS cluster using etcd for service discovery and Fleet for orchestration. Examples are given of creating CoreOS machines, listing machines in the cluster, running services and accessing them remotely via Fleet tunnels.
![[Unit]
Description=HAProxy Service
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run --rm --name %n -p 80:80 -p 443:443
-p 8080:8080 redguava/haproxy-etcd
ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop %n](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/infracodersapril2014-coreos-140408151932-phpapp01/85/CoreOS-Control-Your-Fleet-45-320.jpg)
![[Unit]
Description=Apache Service
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run --rm --name %n -p 80 thomaswelton/apache
ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop %n
[X-Fleet]
X-Conflicts=haproxy.service](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/infracodersapril2014-coreos-140408151932-phpapp01/85/CoreOS-Control-Your-Fleet-46-320.jpg)
![[Unit]
Description=Apache Announce
BindsTo=apache.service
[Service]
ExecStart=/bin/bash -c "HOST_IP=$(/bin/ifconfig eth0 | awk '/inet /{print
$2}') && CONTAINER_PORT=$(docker inspect apache.service | grep -m 1
HostPort | tr -d ' ' | cut -d: -f2 | tr -d '"') && while true; do etcdctl
set /services/web/%H "{ "host": "$HOST_IP", "port":
"$CONTAINER_PORT" }" --ttl 60;sleep 45;done"
ExecStop=/usr/bin/etcdctl rm /services/web/%H
[X-Fleet]
X-ConditionMachineOf=apache.service](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/infracodersapril2014-coreos-140408151932-phpapp01/85/CoreOS-Control-Your-Fleet-47-320.jpg)
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CoreOS: Control Your Fleet
- 3. Docker LXC made easy Public repository Easy to share WYSIWY(M)G™
- 4. etcd Key value store, written in go Configuration and service discovery Simple API RAFT Protocol (distributed consensus) Nice extras: ttl, locks
- 5. Fleet Uses systemd Extra conditionals Runs on etcd
- 6. Cloudinit Subset of cloud-config CoreOS specific parameters OS agnostic
- 7. Demo
- 8. Demoish
- 9. Fetch a discovery URL
- 12. $ curl https://discovery.etcd.io/new https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 $ curl https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788
- 13. $ curl https://discovery.etcd.io/new https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 $ curl https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 {"action":"get","node":{"key":" /_etcd/registry/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788","dir":true," modifiedIndex":5285489,"createdIndex":5285489}
- 14. Let’s create our cloud-init
- 15. #cloud-config coreos: etcd: discovery: https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 addr: $private_ipv4:4001 peer-addr: $private_ipv4:7001 units: - name: etcd.service command: start - name: fleet.service command: start users: - name: core coreos-ssh-import-github: geekle write_files:
- 16. #cloud-config coreos: etcd: discovery: https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 addr: $private_ipv4:4001 peer-addr: $private_ipv4:7001 units: - name: etcd.service command: start - name: fleet.service command: start users: - name: core coreos-ssh-import-github: geekle write_files:
- 17. #cloud-config coreos: etcd: discovery: https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 addr: $private_ipv4:4001 peer-addr: $private_ipv4:7001 units: - name: etcd.service command: start - name: fleet.service command: start users: - name: core coreos-ssh-import-github: geekle write_files:
- 18. coreos: etcd: discovery: https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 addr: $private_ipv4:4001 peer-addr: $private_ipv4:7001 units: - name: etcd.service command: start - name: fleet.service command: start users: - name: core coreos-ssh-import-github: geekle write_files: - path: /etc/fleet/fleet.conf
- 19. etcd: discovery: https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 addr: $private_ipv4:4001 peer-addr: $private_ipv4:7001 units: - name: etcd.service command: start - name: fleet.service command: start users: - name: core coreos-ssh-import-github: geekle write_files: - path: /etc/fleet/fleet.conf content: |
- 20. discovery: https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 addr: $private_ipv4:4001 peer-addr: $private_ipv4:7001 units: - name: etcd.service command: start - name: fleet.service command: start users: - name: core coreos-ssh-import-github: geekle write_files: - path: /etc/fleet/fleet.conf content: | public_ip="$private_ipv4"
- 21. addr: $private_ipv4:4001 peer-addr: $private_ipv4:7001 units: - name: etcd.service command: start - name: fleet.service command: start users: - name: core coreos-ssh-import-github: geekle write_files: - path: /etc/fleet/fleet.conf content: | public_ip="$private_ipv4" metadata="elastic_ip=true,public_ip=$public_ipv4"
- 22. peer-addr: $private_ipv4:7001 units: - name: etcd.service command: start - name: fleet.service command: start users: - name: core coreos-ssh-import-github: geekle write_files: - path: /etc/fleet/fleet.conf content: | public_ip="$private_ipv4" metadata="elastic_ip=true,public_ip=$public_ipv4"
- 23. units: - name: etcd.service command: start - name: fleet.service command: start users: - name: core coreos-ssh-import-github: geekle write_files: - path: /etc/fleet/fleet.conf content: | public_ip="$private_ipv4" metadata="elastic_ip=true,public_ip=$public_ipv4"
- 24. units: - name: etcd.service command: start - name: fleet.service command: start users: - name: core coreos-ssh-import-github: geekle write_files: - path: /etc/fleet/fleet.conf content: | public_ip="$private_ipv4" metadata="elastic_ip=true,public_ip=$public_ipv4"
- 25. units: - name: etcd.service command: start - name: fleet.service command: start users: - name: core coreos-ssh-import-github: geekle write_files: - path: /etc/fleet/fleet.conf content: | public_ip="$private_ipv4" metadata="elastic_ip=true,public_ip=$public_ipv4"
- 26. units: - name: etcd.service command: start - name: fleet.service command: start users: - name: core coreos-ssh-import-github: geekle write_files: - path: /etc/fleet/fleet.conf content: | public_ip="$private_ipv4" metadata="elastic_ip=true,public_ip=$public_ipv4"
- 27. Boot with your favorite Paas
- 28. $ curl https://discovery.etcd.io/new https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 $ curl https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 {"action":"get","node":{"key":" /_etcd/registry/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788","dir":true," modifiedIndex":5285489,"createdIndex":5285489}
- 29. $ curl https://discovery.etcd.io/new https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 $ curl https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 {"action":"get","node":{"key":" /_etcd/registry/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788","dir":true," modifiedIndex":5285489,"createdIndex":5285489} $ curl https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788
- 30. $ curl https://discovery.etcd.io/new https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 $ curl https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 {"action":"get","node":{"key":" /_etcd/registry/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788","dir":true," modifiedIndex":5285489,"createdIndex":5285489} $ curl https://discovery.etcd.io/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788 {"action":"get","node":{"key":" /_etcd/registry/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788","dir":true,"nodes": [{"key":" /_etcd/registry/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788/24bb98332c044a1287e937c216 f5d27a","value":"http://10.0.1.50:7001","expiration":"2014-04-14T11:40: 57.102816593Z","ttl":604576,"modifiedIndex":5288689,"createdIndex": 5288689},{"key":" /_etcd/registry/cce83b966a3947533bc9e9a00b0c8788/cf321c2c8dbc46d99236fd4a28 84e353","value":"http://10.0.0.114:7001","expiration":"2014-04-14T11:44: 07.598817138Z","ttl":604766,"modifiedIndex":5289124,"createdIndex": 5289124},{"key":"
- 31. Let’s login
- 33. $ ssh -A [email protected] ______ ____ _____ / ____/___ ________ / __ / ___/ / / / __ / ___/ _ / / / /__ / /___/ /_/ / / / __/ /_/ /___/ / ____/____/_/ ___/____//____/ core@ip-10-0-0-114 ~ $
- 34. $ ssh -A [email protected] ______ ____ _____ / ____/___ ________ / __ / ___/ / / / __ / ___/ _ / / / /__ / /___/ /_/ / / / __/ /_/ /___/ / ____/____/_/ ___/____//____/ core@ip-10-0-0-114 ~ $ fleetctl list-machines
- 35. $ ssh -A [email protected] ______ ____ _____ / ____/___ ________ / __ / ___/ / / / __ / ___/ _ / / / /__ / /___/ /_/ / / / __/ /_/ /___/ / ____/____/_/ ___/____//____/ core@ip-10-0-0-114 ~ $ fleetctl list-machines MACHINE IP METADATA 12206e61... 10.0.1.50 elastic_ip=false bd57c96a... 10.0.0.114 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.85.138 37e5ec47... 10.0.0.231 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.52.131 core@ip-10-0-0-114 ~ $
- 36. $ ssh -A [email protected] ______ ____ _____ / ____/___ ________ / __ / ___/ / / / __ / ___/ _ / / / /__ / /___/ /_/ / / / __/ /_/ /___/ / ____/____/_/ ___/____//____/ core@ip-10-0-0-114 ~ $ fleetctl list-machines MACHINE IP METADATA 12206e61... 10.0.1.50 elastic_ip=false bd57c96a... 10.0.0.114 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.85.138 37e5ec47... 10.0.0.231 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.52.131 core@ip-10-0-0-114 ~ $ echo "o/"
- 37. $ ssh -A [email protected] ______ ____ _____ / ____/___ ________ / __ / ___/ / / / __ / ___/ _ / / / /__ / /___/ /_/ / / / __/ /_/ /___/ / ____/____/_/ ___/____//____/ core@ip-10-0-0-114 ~ $ fleetctl list-machines MACHINE IP METADATA 12206e61... 10.0.1.50 elastic_ip=false bd57c96a... 10.0.0.114 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.85.138 37e5ec47... 10.0.0.231 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.52.131 core@ip-10-0-0-114 ~ $ echo "o/" o/
- 39. $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' list-machines
- 40. $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' list-machines MACHINE IP METADATA f7898d12... 10.0.1.50 elastic_ip=false ca1355b0... 10.0.0.231 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.52.131 40e69aa8... 10.0.0.114 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.85.138
- 41. $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' list-machines MACHINE IP METADATA f7898d12... 10.0.1.50 elastic_ip=false ca1355b0... 10.0.0.231 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.52.131 40e69aa8... 10.0.0.114 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.85.138
- 42. $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' list-machines MACHINE IP METADATA f7898d12... 10.0.1.50 elastic_ip=false ca1355b0... 10.0.0.231 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.52.131 40e69aa8... 10.0.0.114 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.85.138 $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' ssh f7898d12
- 43. $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' list-machines MACHINE IP METADATA f7898d12... 10.0.1.50 elastic_ip=false ca1355b0... 10.0.0.231 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.52.131 40e69aa8... 10.0.0.114 elastic_ip=true, public_ip=54.206.85.138 $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' ssh f7898d12 ______ ____ _____ / ____/___ ________ / __ / ___/ / / / __ / ___/ _ / / / /__ / /___/ /_/ / / / __/ /_/ /___/ / ____/____/_/ ___/____//____/ core@ip-10-0-1-50 ~ $
- 44. Let’s create some services
- 45. [Unit] Description=HAProxy Service [Service] ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run --rm --name %n -p 80:80 -p 443:443 -p 8080:8080 redguava/haproxy-etcd ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop %n
- 46. [Unit] Description=Apache Service [Service] ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run --rm --name %n -p 80 thomaswelton/apache ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop %n [X-Fleet] X-Conflicts=haproxy.service
- 47. [Unit] Description=Apache Announce BindsTo=apache.service [Service] ExecStart=/bin/bash -c "HOST_IP=$(/bin/ifconfig eth0 | awk '/inet /{print $2}') && CONTAINER_PORT=$(docker inspect apache.service | grep -m 1 HostPort | tr -d ' ' | cut -d: -f2 | tr -d '"') && while true; do etcdctl set /services/web/%H "{ "host": "$HOST_IP", "port": "$CONTAINER_PORT" }" --ttl 60;sleep 45;done" ExecStop=/usr/bin/etcdctl rm /services/web/%H [X-Fleet] X-ConditionMachineOf=apache.service
- 48. Let’s add the services
- 49. $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' submit *.service $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' list-units UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESC MACHINE apache-announce.service - - - Apache Announce - apache.service - - - Apache Service - haproxy.service - - - HAProxy Service -
- 50. $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' start --require 'elastic_ip=true' haproxy.service $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' list-units UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESC MACHINE apache-announce.service - - - Apache Announce - apache.service - - - Apache Service - haproxy.service loaded active running HAProxy Service ca1355b0... /10.0.0.231
- 51. $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' start apache*.service $ fleetctl --tunnel '54.206.85.138' list-units UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESC MACHINE apache-announce.service loaded active running Apache Announce f7898d12.../10.0.1.50 apache.service loaded active running Apache Service f7898d12... /10.0.1.50 haproxy.service loaded active running HAProxy Service ca1355b0... /10.0.0.231
- 52. core@ip-10-0-1-50 ~ $ etcdctl ls --recursive /services /services/web /services/web/ip-10-0-1-50 core@ip-10-0-1-50 ~ $ etcdctl get /services/web/ip-10-0-1-50 { "host": "10.0.1.50", "port": "49154" }
- 55. Things You Should Know - discovery.etcd.io has a 1 week TTL - It is in alpha. Beta on the way. - Automatic restarts after updates during the alpha. You can disable this.