Django
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Django is a high-level Python web framework that allows for fast development, automates repetitive tasks, and follows best practices. It provides features like an admin interface, elegant URL design, templates, and is powerful yet easy to use for web development. The document discusses Django's history, installation, basic tutorial on creating models, views, URLs, and templates.
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Django
- 1. Django Web Framework 김형용 , 이정민 Framework 2.1
- 2. Django • High-level Python Web Framework • Develop fast • Automate the repetitive stuff • Follow best practices
- 3. History • Lawrence Journal-World ( http://www.ljworld.com) • by World Online Developers (A...) • LJWorld.com • Lawrence.com • KUsports.com
- 4. “Django” 어떻게 읽어요 ? • 당고 (X) • 디장고 (X) • 장고 (?) • 쟁고 (?) • Django Reinhardt
- 5. Installation • Python 2.3+ • Database: PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite3 • Python DB Interface: psycopg, MySQLdb, pysqlite • Django
- 6. Install Python • http://www.python.org/download/releases/ • http://www.python.org/download/releases/ • Windows.. PATH – c:python24 – c:python24scripts (django-admin.py)
- 7. Install SQLite3, pysqlite2 • SQLite3 • http://www.sqlite.org/download.html • pysqlite2 – http://pysqlite.org/ – python setup.py install
- 8. Install Django (0.95) • http://www.djangoproject.com/download/ – tar xvzf Django-0.95.tar.gz – cd Django-0.95 – sudo python setup.py install
- 9. Tutorial
- 10. Project (site) : framework21 /admin/ Application : admin Application : admin Database Application : admin /blog/ /phonebook/ Application : blog Application : phonebook
- 11. startproject • django-admin.py framework21 framework21 __init__.py manage.py scripts/* settings.py config/* urls.py routes.rb Django RoR
- 12. startapp cd framework21 ./manage.py startapp blog framework21/phonebook __init__.py models.py app/models/* templates app/views/* views.py app/controllers/* urls.py RoR
- 13. Create Model • from django.db import models • class Person(models.Model): • name = models.CharField(maxlength=20) • phone_number = PhoneNumberField() • note = TextField() • def __str__(self): • return self.name • class Admin: • pass
- 14. Activating model(Application) • settings.py INSTALLED_APPS • manage.py syncdb
- 15. Play with Model API • from phonebook.models import * • p = Person(name=u’ 김형용’ , phone_number=‘010-123-4567’, note=u‘ 안녕하세요 .’) • p.save() # insert • p = Person(name=u’ 이정민’ , phone_number=‘010-123-1234’, note=u‘9000+ 일 솔로인생’ ) • p.save() # insert • Person.objects.all() # ‘ 김형용’ , ‘ 이정민’ • p = Person.objects.get(name=‘ 김형용’ ) • p.note += u’ 여자친구 구합니다 .’ • p.save() # update
- 16. admin interface. • settings.py INSTALLED_APPS • manage.py syncdb • manage.py runserver • http://localhost:8000/ • http://localhost:8000/admin/
- 17. URL design • urls.py • project-level URL configuration • application-level URL configuration • URL -> view(callback)
- 18. View • request, response • decide which data is presented , • delegate to template how the data is presented
- 19. Stub view • from django.http import HttpResponse • def listing(request): • objects = Post.objects.all() • … template… pass context (dict) • return HttpResponse(…)
- 20. Template • how the data is presented
- 21. Template • {{ variable }} • {{ variable|filter }} (O) • {% tag %} – {% if … %} … {% endif %} – {% for .. in .. %} … {% endfor %} • {% extends “base.html %}
- 23. URL Resolver
- 24. URL Resolver blog/urls.py urlpatterns = patterns(‘blog.views', … (r'^blog/$', ‘post_list'), (r'^blog/new/$', ‘post_new'), (r'^blog/(?P<post_id>d+)/$', ‘post_detail'), …
- 25. URL Resolver blog/urls.py urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views', … (r'^blog/$', ‘post_list'), (r'^blog/new/$', ‘post_new'), (r'^blog/(?P<post_id>d+)/$', ‘post_detail'), …
- 26. URL Resolver view blog/urls.py urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views', … (r'^blog/$', ‘post_list'), (r'^blog/new/$', ‘post_new'), (r'^blog/(?P<post_id>d+)/$', ‘post_detail'), … blog.views.post_detail
- 27. URL Resolver view blog/urls.py urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views', … (r'^blog/$', ‘post_list'), (r'^blog/new/$', ‘post_new'), (r'^blog/(?P<post_id>d+)/$', ‘post_detail'), … blog.views.post_detail(post_id=‘2’)
- 28. URL Resolver view blog/views.py def post_detail(request, post_id): post = Blog.objects.get(pk=post_id) … blog.views.post_detail(post_id=‘2’)
- 29. model URL Resolver view blog/views.py def post_detail(request, post_id): post = Post.objects.get(pk=post_id) …
- 30. URL Resolver view Django blog/views.py template def post_detail(request, post_id): post = Blog.objects.get(pk=post_id) t = loader.get_template(‘blog_detail.html’) … blog/templates/blog_detail.html
- 31. URL Resolver view Django blog/views.py template def post_detail(request, post_id): post = Blog.objects.get(pk=post_id) t = loader.get_template(‘blog_detail.html’) c = Context({‘post’: post}) html = t.render(c) … blog/templates/blog_detail.html
- 32. URL Resolver view Django blog/templates/blog_detail.html template <h1> {{ post.title }} </h1> <p> {{ post.content|restructuredText }} </p> Comments: <ul> {% for comment in post.comments %} <li> {{ comment.who }}: {{ comment.content }} </li> {% endfor %} </ul> Context({‘post’: post})
- 33. URL Resolver view Django blog/templates/blog_detail.html template <h1> {{ post.title }} </h1> <p> {{ post.content|restructuredText }} </p> Comments: <ul> {% for comment in post.comments %} <li> {{ comment.who }}: {{ comment.content }} </li> {% endfor %} </ul> <h1> 여자친구 구함 </h1> <p> 20 세 이상 신체건강한 대한민국… </p> Comments: <ul> <li> 이정민 : 좋은 결과 있길바랍니다 . </li> </ul>
- 34. URL Resolver view blog/views.py def post_detail(request, post_id): post = Blog.objects.get(pk=post_id) t = loader.get_template(‘blog_detail.html’) c = Context({‘post’: post}) html = t.render(c) return HttpResponse(html)
- 35. URL Resolver view blog/views.py def post_detail(request, post_id): post = Blog.objects.get(pk=post_id) t = loader.get_template(‘blog_detail.html’) c = Context({‘post’: post}) html = t.render(c) return HttpResponse(html) OR
- 36. URL Resolver view blog/views.py def post_detail(request, post_id): post = Blog.objects.get(pk=post_id) t = loader.get_template(‘blog_detail.html’) c = Context({‘post’: post}) html = t.render(c) return HttpResponse(html) OR def post_detail(request, post_id): post = Blog.objects.get(pk=post_id) return render_to_response(‘blog_detail.html’, {‘post’: post})
- 38. model URL view Resolver Django template
- 39. Where is MIDDLEWARE? mid.process_view(request, view_func, view_args, view_kwargs) mid.process_request(request) model URL view Resolver Django template mid.process_response(request, response)
- 40. Server arrangement • Standalone • mod_python • FastCGI • SCGI • Twisted
- 41. Conclusion • Written in python • Easy admin page • Elegant URL design • Template • Fast, easy, powerful web development with Django
- 42. 이런저런 이야기 • Guido’s preference • Korean Django Community • GAVI : Genome Ajax Viewer • GMP study • http://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/2613
- 43. Getting Involved • http://djangoproject.com/documentation/ • http://code.djangoproject.com/ • http://groups.google.com/group/django-user • http://groups.google.com/group/django-develope
Editor's Notes
- #4: World Online 의 개발자들이 Django 를 만듦 . 2 년 동안 위 사이트들과 다른 프로젝트를 만드는데 Django 를 사용함 . 위 사이트들은 newspaper 사이트 . Andrian Holovaty Jacob Kaplan-Moss Simon Willison Wilson Miner
- #5: 장고 개발자 andrian 이 기타 치는걸 좋아함 . 아마 Django Reinhardt 의 기타 연주법을 좋아하는것에서 이름이 유래됐을것이라고 함 . djangoproject.com 에서 이름의 유래에 대해서 해명 (?) 안하고 있음 Django Reinhardt: 본명 Jean Baptiste Reinhardt. 벨기에 리벨시 출생 . 18 세 때 화상을 입어 왼손 손가락 두 개의 기능을 상실하였으나 , 유랑생활을 하는 동안 기타를 독습하여 1931 년 프랑스 재즈계에 등장 , 1934 년 파리에서 S. 그라펠리 와 함께 ‘ 핫클럽 5 중주단 (Quintette du Hot Club de France) ’ 을 조직하고 독특한 기교와 광시곡 스타일의 기타 솔로로 , 미국에까지 알려졌다 . 1946 년 미국으로 건너가 D. 에린튼악단과 공연하였으며 , 《구름》 등의 작곡으로 뛰어난 재능을 보였다 .
- #7: 윈도우 사용자라면 next, next, next, .. MacOSX 는 아마 기본적으로 깔릴테고 Linux/BSD 에서는 패키지로 제공 기타 Unix 는 ./configure; make; make install 2.5 에서는 테스트해보지 못했음 . (joke): 사용해보고 잘 되면 알려주세요 ~ =3=3
- #8: SQLite3: 윈도우라면 zip 파일을 PATH 상의 디렉토리에 풀어주는 것으로 끝 . pysqlite2 - 윈도우라면 .exe 파일 다운받고 클릭 - 기타 : python setup.py install
- #12: django-admin.py - 프로젝트 / 어플리케이션 생성 - DB 관리 커맨트 - 개발용 웹서버 시작 - 테스트 구동 manage.py: django-admin.py 과 같은 기능 (DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE 설정할 필요 없음 ) ( 루비의 scripts/*) settings.py: project 의 전반적인 설정 (DB, Root URL, Application, ..) (Ruby 의 conf/database.yml, conf/environment.rb) urls.py: URL mapping (Ruby 의 routes.rb 보다 세세하게 ...)
- #13: models.py - ORM views.py - controller , Python callback function for a particular URL MVC - MTV
- #14: PhoneNumberField, EmailField, URLField 같이 DB 차원의 Low-level … . 이 아닌 사용자입장에서 모델링 가능 .. 적절한 validation 도 자동으로 됨
- #17: startproject startapp settings.py, urls.py models.py 복사 manage.py syncdb manage.py runserver http://localhost:8000/admin/
- #21: A template is simply a text file. It can generate any text-based format (HTML, XML, CSV, etc.). A template contains variables , which get replaced with values when the template is evaluated, and tags , which control the logic of the template.
- #23: 앞부분은 전반적 개념에 대한 설명이었다 …… … 데이터의 흐름 …
- #33: . -> attribute, method, index, key-value
- #44: Main site http://djangoproject.com/ code site (trac) http://code.djangoproject.com/