C program

Programming in ‘C’ and Data Structure Lab File
1
Q1 WAP to count the no of spaces, alphabets, words and digits?
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
int c, i, nwhite, nother;
int ndigit[10];
nwhite = nother = 0;
for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
ndigit[i] = 0;
while ((c = getchar()) != EOF)
if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
++ndigit[c-'0'];
else if (c == ' ' || c == 'n' || c == 't')
++nwhite;
else
++nother;
printf("digits =");
for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
printf(" %d", ndigit[i]);
printf(", white space = %d, other = %dn",
nwhite, nother);
getch();
}
OUTPUT:
Enter a string:
Hi this is c programming language. Contains 100 programs.
Digits are: 3
Alphabets are: 46
White spaces are: 9

2
Q2 WAP to squeeze a string?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void squeeze()
{
char str[50] = "Hello this is string";
int i,j;
for(i=j=0;str[i]!='0';i++)
if(str[i]!=' ')
str[j++]=str[i];
//str[j]='0';
for(i=0; str[i]!='0';i++)
printf("%c" ,str[i]);
}
void main()
{
squeeze();
getch();
}
OUTPUT:
Enter a string: Hello, this is String.
Squeeze String is: Hello,thisisString.

3
Q3 WAP to swap the values using the pointers?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int swap(int *a ,int *b)
{
int temp = *a;
*a=*b;
*b=temp;
}
void main()
{
int a,b;
clrscr();
printf("Please enter A's value:");
scanf("%d",&a);
printf("nPlease enter B's value:");
scanf("%d",&b);
swap(&a,&b);
printf("nAfter swapping A's value: %d",a);
printf("nAfter swapping B's value: %d",b);
getch();
}
OUTPUT:
Please enter A's value:5
Please enter B's value:8
After swapping A's value: 8
After swapping B's value: 5

4
Q4 WAP to compare two strings?
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int compare_function(char *a,char *b)
{
while (*a != '0')
{
if (*a == *b)
{
a++;
b++;
}
else
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
int main()
{
char compare_function();
int result;
char inputA[20],inputB[20];
printf("nEnter string A : ");
gets(inputA);
printf("nEnter string B : ");
gets(inputB);
result = compare_function(inputA,inputB);
if (result == 0)
printf("nStrings are same");
else
printf("nStrings are different");
}
OUTPUT:
Enter first String: Hiii
Enter second String:hello
Strings are different

5
Q5 WAP to concatenate the string?
#include<stdio.h>
void concat(char* ,char* );
int main()
{
char str1[25],str2[25];
printf("nEnter First String:");
gets(str1);
printf("nEnter Second String:");
gets(str2);
concat(str1,str2);
#include<stdio.h>
void concat(char* ,char* );
int main()
{
char str1[25],str2[25];
printf("nEnter First String:");
gets(str1);
printf("nEnter Second String:");
gets(str2);
concat(str1,str2); //1
printf("nConcatenated String is %s",str1);
return 0;
}
void concat(char *s1,char *s2)
{
while(*s1!='0') //2
s1++
while(*s2!='0') //3
{
*s1=*s2; //4
s1++;
s2++;
}
*s1='0'; //5
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the first string:
Hello,
Enter the second string:
Good morning..
Concatenated string is:
Hello, Good morning..

6
Q6. WAP which multiply two matrix?
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j,k,m,n,p,q;
int a[10][10],b[10][10],c[10][10];
printf("Enter the order of matrix 1 m * nn");
scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);
printf("Enter the order of matrix 2 p * qn");
scanf("%d%d",&p,&q);
printf("Enter the elements of matrix 1n");
for(i=0;i<m;i++){
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter the elements of matrix 2n");
for(i=0;i<p;i++){
for(j=0;j<q;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
}
printf("elements of matrix1 and 2 are:n");
for(i=0;i<m,i<p;i++){
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
printf("%d",a[i][j]);
}
printf("t");
for(j=0;j<n,j<q;j++)
{
printf("%d",b[i][j]);
}
printf("n");
}
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
c[i][j]=0;
for(k=0;k<m;k++)
{
c[i][j] += a[i][k] * b[k][j];
}
}
}
printf("multiplication of matrix a and b is :n");
for(i=0;i<m;i++)

7
{
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
printf("%d ",c[i][j]);
}
printf("n");
}
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the order of matrix 1 m * n
3 3
Enter the order of matrix 2 p * q
3 3
Enter the elements of matrix 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Enter the elements of matrix 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Elements of matrix1 and 2 are:
1 2 3 1 2 3
4 5 6 4 5 6
7 8 9 7 8 9
Multiplication of matrix a and b is:
30 36 42
66 81 96
102 126 150
--------------------------------
Process exited with return value 0
Press any key to continue . . .

8
Q7 WAP which reverse the string?
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
/* reverse: reverse string s in place */
void reverse(char s[])
{
int c, i, j;
for (i = 0, j = strlen(s)-1; i < j; i++, j--) {
c = s[i];
s[i] = s[j];
s[j] = c;
}
printf("%s",s);
}
void main()
{
char s[20]="hello! Good morning";
reverse(s);
getch();
}
OUTPUT:
Enter a String :
Hello! Good Morning..
Reverse String is :
..gninroM doog !olleH

9
Q8 WAP to perform insertion, deletion and traversing in singly link list?
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct nodeType
{
int info;
struct nodeType *next;
}node;
void createEmptyList(node **head);
void traverseInOrder1(node *head);
void traverseInReverse(node *head);
node *searchInUnsortedList(node *head,int item);
void auxillarySearch(node *head,node **ploc,node **loc,int item);
void insertAtBegining(node **head, int item);
void insertAtEnd(node **head, int item);
void insertAfterElement(node *head, int item, int after);
void deleteFromBegining(node **head);
void deleteFromEnd(node **head);
void deleteAfterElement(node *head, int after);
void reverseList(node **head);
void deleteList(node **head);
void main()
{
node *head;
int choice,element,after;
createEmptyList(&head);
while(1)
{
printf("ntOptions availablen");
printf("**********************************nn");
printf("1.Insert Element at beginingn");
printf("2. Insert Element at Endn");
printf("3.Insert Element after at given elementn");
printf("4.Traverse in ordern");
printf("5.Traverse in reverse ordern");
printf("6.Delete from begingign");
printf("7.Delete from endn");
printf("8.Delete from after given elementn");
printf("9.Reverse Link Listn");
printf("10.Exitn");
printf("Enter your choice (1-10)nn");
scanf("%d",&choice);
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
printf("Enter the Elementn");

10
scanf("%d",&element);
insertAtBegining(&head,element);
break;
case 2:
insertAtEnd(&head,element);
break;
case 3:
printf("Enter the after which to insert:");
scanf("%d",&after);
insertAfterElement(head,element,after);
break;
case 4:
if(head==NULL)
printf("List is Empty");
else
traverseInOrder1(head);
printf("npress any key to continoun");
getch();
break;
case 5:
if(head==NULL)
printf("List is Empty");
else
traverseInReverse(head);
printf("npress any key to continoun");
getch();
break;
case 6:
deleteFromBegining(&head);
break;
case 7:
deleteFromEnd(&head);
break;
case 8:
printf("Enter the element after which element deletedn");
scanf("%d",&after);
deleteAfterElement(head,after);
break;
case 9:
reverseList(&head);
break;
case 10:
deleteList(&head);
exit(1);
}
}
}

11
void createEmptyList(node **head)
{
*head=NULL;
}
void traverseInOrder1(node *head)
{
while(head!=NULL)
{
printf("%d",head->info);
head=head->next;
}
}
void traverseInReverse(node *head)
{
if(head->next!=NULL)
traverseInReverse(head->next);
printf("%d",head->info);
}
node *searchInUnsortedList(node *head,int item)
{
while(head!=NULL && head->info==item)
{
head=head->next;
}
return head;
}
void auxillarySearch(node *head,node **ploc,node **loc, int item)
{
int flag=0;
if(head==NULL)
*ploc=*loc=NULL;
else if(head->info==item)
{
*ploc=NULL;
*loc=head;
}
else
{
*ploc=head;
*loc=head->next;
while((*loc!=NULL)&&(!flag))
{
if((*loc)->info==item)
flag=1;
else
{
*ploc=*loc;
*loc=(*loc)->next;
}
}

12
}
}
void insertAtBegining(node **head,int item)
{
node *ptr;
ptr=(node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
ptr->info=item;
if(*head==NULL)
ptr->next=NULL;
else
ptr->next=*head;
*head=ptr;
}
void insertAtEnd(node **head,int item)
{
node *ptr,*loc;
ptr=(node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
ptr->info=item;
ptr->next=NULL;
if(*head==NULL)
*head=ptr;
else
{
loc=*head;
while(loc->next!=NULL)
loc=loc->next;
loc->next=ptr;
}
}
void insertAfterElement(node *head,int item,int after)
{
node *ptr;
node *loc;
loc=searchInUnsortedList(head,after);
if(loc==(node *)NULL)
return ;
ptr=(node * )malloc(sizeof(node));
ptr->info=item;
ptr->next=loc->next;
loc->next=ptr;
}
void deleteFromBegining(node **head)
{
node *ptr;
if(*head==NULL)
return;
else
{
ptr=*head;
*head=(*head)->next;

13
free(ptr);
}
}
void deleteFromEnd(node **head)
{
node *ptr, *loc;
if(*head==NULL)
return;
else if((*head)->next==(node*)NULL)
{
ptr=*head;
*head=NULL;
free(ptr);
}
else
{
loc=*head;
ptr=(*head)->next;
while(ptr->next!=NULL)
{
loc=ptr;
ptr=ptr->next;
}
loc->next=NULL;
free(ptr);
}
}
void deleteAfterElement(node *head,int after)
{
node *ptr, *loc;
loc=searchInUnsortedList(head,after);
if(loc==(node *)NULL)
return;
ptr=loc->next;
loc->next=ptr->next;
free(ptr);
}
void reverseList(node **head)
{
node *previousNode , *currentNode,*nextNode;
currentNode=*head;
nextNode=currentNode->next;
previousNode=NULL;
currentNode->next=NULL;
while(nextNode!=NULL)
{
previousNode=currentNode;
currentNode=nextNode;
nextNode=currentNode->next;
currentNode->next=previousNode;
}

14
*head=currentNode;
}
void deleteList(node **head)
{
node *ptr;
while(*head !=NULL)
{
ptr=*head;
*head=(*head)->next;
free(ptr);
}
}
Output:
1. Insert elements at beginning
2. Insert element at mid
3. Insert element at end
4. Insert element at after
5. Delete element from beginning
6. Delete element from mid
7. Delete element after element
8. Traverse the link list
9. Exit
Enter your choice: 1
Enter element: 3
Element inserted.
Enter element: 8
Element inserted.
Enter element: 2
Element inserted.
Link list elements are:
3 2 8
Element 3 is deleted.
Press any key to continue……

15
Q9 WAP to implement polynomial addition and multiplication?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
struct node
{
float coef;
int expo;
struct node *link;
};
struct node *create(struct node *);
struct node *insert_s(struct node *,float,int);
struct node *insert(struct node *,float,int);
void display(struct node *ptr);
void poly_add(struct node *,struct node *);
void poly_mult(struct node *,struct node *);
main( )
{
struct node *start1=NULL,*start2=NULL;
printf("Enter polynomial 1 :n");
start1=create(start1);
printf("Enter polynomial 2 :n");
start2=create(start2);
printf("Polynomial 1 is : ");
display(start1);
printf("Polynomial 2 is : ");
display(start2);
poly_add(start1, start2);
poly_mult(start1, start2);
}
struct node *create(struct node *start)
{
int i,n,ex;
float co;
printf("Enter the number of terms : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
printf("Enter coeficient for term %d : ",i);
scanf("%f",&co);
printf("Enter exponent for term %d : ",i);
scanf("%d",&ex);
start=insert_s(start,co,ex);
}
return start;
}

16
struct node *insert_s(struct node *start,float co,int ex)
{
struct node *ptr,*tmp;
tmp=(struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
tmp->coef=co;
tmp->expo=ex;
if(start==NULL || ex > start->expo)
{
tmp->link=start;
start=tmp;
}
else
{
ptr=start;
while(ptr->link!=NULL && ptr->link->expo >= ex)
ptr=ptr->link;
tmp->link=ptr->link;
ptr->link=tmp;
}
return start;
}
struct node *insert(struct node *start,float co,int ex)
{
struct node *ptr,*tmp;
tmp=(struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
tmp->coef=co;
tmp->expo=ex;
/*If list is empty*/
if(start==NULL)
{
tmp->link=start;
start=tmp;
}
else
{
ptr=start;
while(ptr->link!=NULL)
ptr=ptr->link;
tmp->link=ptr->link;
ptr->link=tmp;
}
return start;
}
void display(struct node *ptr)
{
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("Zero polynomialn");
return;
}
while(ptr!=NULL)

17
{
printf("(%.1fx^%d)", ptr->coef,ptr->expo);
ptr=ptr->link;
if(ptr!=NULL)
printf(" + ");
else
printf("n");
}
}
void poly_add(struct node *p1,struct node *p2)
{
struct node *start3;
start3=NULL;
while(p1!=NULL && p2!=NULL)
{
if(p1->expo > p2->expo)
{
start3=insert(start3,p1->coef,p1->expo);
p1=p1->link;
}
else if(p2->expo > p1->expo)
{
p2=p2->link;
}
else if(p1->expo==p2->expo)
{
start3=insert(start3,p1->coef+p2->coef,p1->expo);
p1=p1->link;
p2=p2->link;
}
}
while(p1!=NULL)
{
p1=p1->link;
}
while(p2!=NULL)
{
p2=p2->link;
}
printf("Added polynomial is : ");
display(start3);
}
void poly_mult(struct node *p1, struct node *p2)
{
struct node *start3;
struct node *p2_beg = p2;
start3=NULL;
if(p1==NULL || p2==NULL)

18
{
printf("Multiplied polynomial is zero polynomialn");
return;
}
while(p1!=NULL)
{
p2=p2_beg;
while(p2!=NULL)
{
start3=insert_s(start3,p1->coef*p2->coef,p1->expo+p2->expo);
p2=p2->link;
}
p1=p1->link;
}
printf("Multiplied polynomial is : ");
display(start3);
}
OUTPUT:
Enter polynomial 1 :
Enter the number of terms : 4
Enter coeficient for term 1 : 5
Enter exponent for term 1 : 4
Enter polynomial 2 :
Enter the number of terms : 3
Polynomial 1 is : (5x^4) + (7x^3) + (9x^2) + (3x^1)
Polynomial 2 is : (5x^3) + (6x^2) + (9x^1)
Added polynomial is : (5x^4) + (12x^3) + (15x^2) + (12x^1)
Multiplied polynomial is z: (25x^7) + (30x^6) + (35x^6) + (45x^5) +
(42x^5) + (45x^5) + (63x^4) + (54x^4) + (15x^4) + (81x^3) + (18x^3) +
(27.0x^2)

19
Q10 WAP to implement stack using array?
#include<stdlib.h
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define MAX 50
void push();
void pop();
void display();
int stack[MAX], top=-1, item;
void main()
{
int ch;
do
{
printf("nnnn1.tPushn2.tPopn3.tDisplayn4.tExitn"
);
printf("nEnter your choice: ");
scanf("%d", &ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
push();
break;
case 2:
pop();
break;
case 3:
display();
break;
case 4:
exit(0);
default:
printf("nnInvalid entry. Please try
again...n");
}
} while(ch!=4);
getch();
}
void push()
{
if(top == MAX-1)
printf("nnStack is full.");
else
{
printf("nnEnter ITEM: ");
scanf("%d", &item);
top++;
stack[top] = item;
printf("nnITEM inserted = %d", item);
}
}

20
void pop()
{
if(top == -1)
printf("nnStack is empty.");
else
{
item = stack[top];
top--;
printf("nnITEM deleted = %d", item);
}
}
void display()
{
int i;
if(top == -1)
printf("nnStack is empty.");
else
{
for(i=top; i>=0; i--)
printf("n%d", stack[i]);
}
}
OUTPUT:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 1
ITEM inserted = 1
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 2
ITEM inserted = 2
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Display
4. Exit
2
1
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Display
4. Exit
ITEM deleted = 2

21
Q11 WAP to implement stack using link list?
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void push();
void pop();
void display();
struct node
{
int info;
struct node *link;
} *top = NULL;
int item;
void main()
{
int ch;
do
{
printf("nn1. Pushn2. Popn3. Displayn4. Exitn");
scanf("%d", &ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
push();
break;
case 2:
pop();
break;
case 3:
display();
break;
case 4:
exit(0);
default:
printf("Invalid choice. Please try again.n");
}
} while(1);
getch();
}
void push()
{
struct node *ptr;
scanf("%d", &item);
if (top == NULL)
{
top = (struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
top->info = item;
top->link = NULL;

22
}
else
{
ptr = top;
top = (struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
top->info = item;
top->link = ptr;
}
printf("nItem inserted: %dn", item);
}
void pop()
{
struct node *ptr;
if (top == NULL)
printf("nnStack is emptyn");
else
{
ptr = top;
item = top->info;
top = top->link;
free(ptr);
printf("nnItem deleted: %d", item);
}
}
void display()
{
struct node *ptr;
if (top == NULL)
printf("nnStack is emptyn");
else
{
ptr = top;
while(ptr != NULL)
{
printf("nn%d", ptr- >info);
ptr = ptr->link;
}
}
}
Output:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 1
Item inserted: 1

23
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 2
Item inserted: 2
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 3
Item inserted: 3
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Display
4. Exit
3
2
1
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Display
4. Exit
Item deleted: 3

24
Q12 WAP to evaluate postfix expression?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define SIZE 40
int stack[SIZE];
int top=-1;
void push(int n)
{
if(top==SIZE-1)
{
printf("Stack is fulln");
return;
}
else
{
top=top+1;
stack[top]=n;
printf("Pushed element is %dn",n);
}
}
int pop()
{
int n;
if(top==-1)
{
printf("Stack is emptyn");
return 0;
}
else
{
n=stack[top];
top=top-1;
printf("The poped element is %dn",n);
return(n);
}
}
int evaluate(int op1, int op2,char ch)
{
printf("op1=%d op2=%d ch=%cn",op1,op2,ch);
int n;
if (op1<op2)
{
n=op1;
op1=op2;
op2=n;
}
if(ch=='+')
n=op1+op2;
else if(ch=='-')
n=op1-op2;

25
else if(ch=='*')
n=op1*op2;
else if(ch=='/')
n=op1/op2;
else if(ch=='%')
n=op1%op2;
else
{
printf("The operator is not identifiedn");
exit(0);
}
printf("n=%dn",n);
return(n);
}
int main()
{
char str[50],ch,ch1;
int i=0,n,op1,op2;
printf("Enter the Postfix stringn");
scanf("%s",str);
ch=str[i];
while(ch!='0')
{
printf("The char is=%cn",ch);
//if(ch=='1' || ch=='2' || ch=='3' || ch=='4' || ch=='5')//
if(isdigit(ch))
{
n=ch-'0';
push(n);
}
else
{
op1=pop();
op2=pop();
n=evaluate(op1,op2,ch);
push(n);
}
ch=str[++i];
}
printf("The value of the arithmetic expression is=%dn",pop());
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the expression: 7 5 – 9 2 / *
The value of arithmetic expression is: 9

26
Q13 WAP to implement Queue using Array?
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX 50
void insert();
void delet();
void display();
int queue[MAX], rear=-1, front=-1, item;
void main()
{
int ch;
do
{
printf("nn1. Insertn2. Deleten3. Displayn4. Exitn");
scanf("%d", &ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
insert();
break;
case 2:
delet();
break;
case 3:
display();
break;
case 4:
exit(0);
default:
printf("nnInvalid entry. Please try again...n");
}
} while(1);
getch();
}
void insert()
{
if(rear == MAX-1)
printf("nnQueue is full.");
else
{
scanf("%d", &item);
if (rear == -1 && front == -1)
{
rear = 0;
front = 0;
}
else

27
rear+ +;
queue[rear] = item;
printf("nnItem inserted: %d", item);
}
}
void delet()
{
if(front == -1)
printf("nnQueue is empty.");
else
{
item = queue[front];
if (front == rear){
front = -1;
rear = -1;}
else
front++;
printf("nnItem deleted: %d", item);
}
}
void display()
{
int i;
if(front == -1)
printf("nnQueue is empty.");
else
{
printf("nn");
for(i=front; i<=rear; i++)
printf(" %d", queue[i]);
}
}
OUTPUT:
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 1
Item inserted: 1
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 2
Item inserted: 2
Enter ITEM: 3
Item inserted: 3
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
1 2 3
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
Item deleted: 1

28
Q14 WAP to queue implement using link list?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<conio.h>
struct node
{
int info;
struct node *link;
}*front = NULL, *rear = NULL;
void insert();
void delet();
void display();
int item;
void main()
{
int ch;
do
{
printf("nn1.tInsertn2.tDeleten3.tDisplayn4.tExitn");
scanf("%d", &ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
insert();
break;
case 2:
delet();
break;
case 3:
display();
break;
case 4:
exit(0);
default:
printf("nnInvalid choice. Please try
again...n");
}
} while(1);
getch();
}
void insert()
{
scanf("%d", &item);
if(rear == NULL)
{
rear = (struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
rear->info = item;
rear->link = NULL;
front = rear;

29
}
else
{
rear->link = (struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct
node));
rear = rear->link;
rear->info = item;
rear->link = NULL;
}
}
void delet()
{
struct node *ptr;
if(front == NULL)
printf("nnQueue is empty.n");
else
{
ptr = front;
item = front->info;
front = front->link;
free(ptr);
printf("nItem deleted: %dn", item);
if(front == NULL)
rear = NULL;
}
}
void display()
{
struct node *ptr = front;
if(rear == NULL)
else
{
printf("nn");
while(ptr != NULL)
{
printf("%dt",ptr->info);
ptr = ptr->link;
}
}
}
OUTPUT:
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 1

30
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 12
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 13
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
1 12 13
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
Item deleted: 1

31
Q15 WAP to implement circular queue using array?
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#define SIZE 5
void insert();
void delet();
void display();
int queue[SIZE], rear=-1, front=-1, item;
void main()
{
int ch;
do
{
printf("n1.tInsertn2.tDeleten3.tDisplayn4.tExitn");
scanf("%d", &ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
insert();
break;
case 2:
delet();
break;
case 3:
display();
break;
case 4:
exit(0);
default:
printf("nnInvalid choice. Pleasr try
again...n");
}
} while(1);
getch();
}
void insert()
{
if((front==0 && rear==SIZE-1) || (front==rear+1))
printf("nnQueue is full.");
else
{
scanf("%d", &item);
if(rear == -1)
{
rear = 0;
front = 0;

32
}
else if(rear == SIZE-1)
rear = 0;
else
rear++;
queue[rear] = item;
printf("nnItem inserted: %dn", item);
}
}
void delet()
{
if(front == -1)
else
{
item = queue[front];
if(front == rear)
{
front = -1;
rear = -1;
}
else if(front == SIZE-1)
front = 0;
else
front++;
printf("nnITEM deleted: %d", item);
}
}
void display()
{
int i;
if((front == -1) || (front==rear+1))
else
{
printf("nn");
for(i=front; i<=rear; i++)
printf("t%d",queue[i]);
}
}
OUTPUT:
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 10
Item inserted: 10

33
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 20
Item inserted: 20
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
Enter ITEM: 30
Item inserted: 30
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
10 20 30
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
ITEM deleted: 10
1. Insert
2. Delete
3. Display
4. Exit
20 30

34
Q16 WAP to perform addition, transpose, and multiplication operations of
sparse matrix?
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void implement(int[][10],int,int,int[][10]);
void add(int[][10],int,int,int[][10],int[][10]);
void sub(int[][10],int,int,int[][10],int[][10]);
void transpose(int[][10],int,int[][10]);
void main()
{
int a[10][10];
int b[10][10];
int c[10][10];
int d[10][10];
int e[50][10];
int row,col,k,l,ch;
char che;
clrscr();
printf("enter the no. of rowst:");
scanf("%d",&row);
printf("n enter the no. of colomst:");
scanf("%d",&col);
printf("n enter the elements of sparse matrix t:");
for(k=0;k<row;k++)
{
for(l=0;l<col;l++)
{
printf("n element at [%d][%d]t",k,l);
scanf("%d",&a[k][l]);
}
}
printf("sparse matrix is n");
for(k=0;k<row;k++)
{
for(l=0;l<col;l++)
{
printf("%dt",a[k][l]);
}
printf("n");
}
do
{
printf("n CYNET MENUn");
printf("1:REPRESENTATIONn");
printf("2:ADDITIONn");
printf("3:SUBTRACTIONn");
printf("4:TRANSPOSEn");
printf("5:EXITn");
printf("enter your choice:");

35
scanf("%d",&ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
implement(a,row,col,b);
break;
case 2:
printf("n enter the elements of second sparse matrix
t:");
for(k=0;k<row;k++)
{
for(l=0;l<col;l++)
{
scanf("%d",&c[k][l]);
}
}
for(k=0;k<row;k++)
{
for(l=0;l<col;l++)
{
printf("%dt",c[k][l]);
}
printf("n");
}
implement(c,row,col,d);
add(b,row,col,d,e);
break;
case 3:
printf("n enter the elements of second sparse matrix t:");
for(k=0;k<row;k++)
{
for(l=0;l<col;l++)
{
scanf("%d",&c[k][l]);
}
}
for(k=0;k<row;k++)
{
for(l=0;l<col;l++)
{
printf("%dt",c[k][l]);
}
printf("n");
}
implement(c,row,col,d);

36
sub(b,row,col,d,e);
break;
case 4:
transpose(b,col,c);
break;
case 5:
exit(0);
default:
printf("you entered wrong choicen");
}
printf("do you want to continue(yY):");
che=getche();
}while(che=='y'||che=='Y');
getch();
}
void implement(int a[][10],int row,int col,int b[][10])
{
int g=1,nz=0,k,l;
for(k=0;k<row;k++)
{
for(l=0;l<col;l++)
{
if(a[k][l]!=0)
{
nz=nz+1;
}
}
}
b[0][0]=row;
b[0][1]=col;
b[0][2]=nz;
for(k=0;k<row;k++)
{
for(l=0;l<col;l++)
{
if(a[k][l]!=0)
{
b[g][0]=k;
b[g][1]=l;
b[g][2]=a[k][l];
g++;
}
}
}
printf("implementation of sparse matrix isn");
for(k=0;k<g;k++)
{
for(l=0;l<3;l++)
{

37
printf("%dt",b[k][l]);
}
printf("n");
}
}
void add(int b[][10],int row,int col,int d[][10],int e[][10])
{
int p1=1,p2=1,i=1;
int k,l;
if(b[0][0]!=d[0][0])
{
printf("addition is not possiblen");
}
else
{
while(p1<=b[0][2]&&p2<=d[0][2])
{
if(b[p1][0]==d[p2][0])
{
if(b[p1][1]<d[p2][1])
{
e[i][0]=b[p1][0];
e[i][1]=b[p1][1];
e[i][2]=b[p1][2];
i++;
p1++;
}
else if(b[p1][1]>d[p2][1])
{
e[i][0]=d[p2][0];
e[i][1]=d[p2][1];
e[i][2]=d[p2][2];
i++;
p2++;
}
else if(b[p1][1]==d[p2][1])
{
e[i][0]=d[p1][0];
e[i][1]=d[p1][1];
e[i][2]=b[p1][2]+d[p2][2];
if(e[i][2]!=0)
{
i++;
}
p1++;
p2++;
}
}
else if(b[p1][0]<d[p2][0])
{

38
e[i][0]=b[p1][0];
e[i][1]=b[p1][1];
e[i][2]=b[p1][2];
i++;
p1++;
}
else if(b[p1][0]>d[p2][0])
{
e[i][0]=d[p2][0];
e[i][1]=d[p2][1];
e[i][2]=d[p2][2];
i++;
p2++;
}
}
if(p1!=b[0][2])
{
while(p1<=b[0][2])
{
e[i][0]=b[p1][0];
e[i][1]=b[p1][1];
e[i][2]=b[p1][2];
i++;
p1++;
}
}
else if(p2!=d[0][2])
{
while(p2<=d[0][2])
{
e[i][0]=d[p2][0];
e[i][1]=d[p2][1];
e[i][2]=d[p2][2];
i++;
p2++;
}
}
e[0][0]=row;
e[0][1]=col;
e[0][2]=i-1;
printf("matrix after additionn");
for(k=0;k<i;k++)
{
for(l=0;l<3;l++)
{
printf("%dt",e[k][l]);
}
printf("n");
}
}
}

39
void sub(int b[][10],int row,int col,int d[][10],int e[][10])
{
int p1=1,p2=1,i=1;
int k,l;
if(b[0][0]!=d[0][0])
{
printf("subtraction is not possiblen");
}
else
{
while(p1<=b[0][2]&&p2<=d[0][2])
{
if(b[p1][0]==d[p2][0])
{
if(b[p1][1]<d[p2][1])
{
e[i][0]=b[p1][0];
e[i][1]=b[p1][1];
e[i][2]=b[p1][2];
i++;
p1++;
}
else if(b[p1][1]>d[p2][1])
{
e[i][0]=d[p2][0];
e[i][1]=d[p2][1];
e[i][2]=d[p2][2];
i++;
p2++;
}
else if(b[p1][1]==d[p2][1])
{
e[i][0]=d[p1][0];
e[i][1]=d[p1][1];
e[i][2]=b[p1][2]-d[p2][2];
if(e[i][2]!=0)
{
i++;
}
p1++;
p2++;
}
}
else if(b[p1][0]<d[p2][0])
{
e[i][0]=b[p1][0];
e[i][1]=b[p1][1];
e[i][2]=b[p1][2];
i++;
p1++;

40
}
else if(b[p1][0]>d[p2][0])
{
e[i][0]=d[p2][0];
e[i][1]=d[p2][1];
e[i][2]=d[p2][2];
i++;
p2++;
}
}
if(p1!=b[0][2])
{
while(p1<=b[0][2])
{
e[i][0]=b[p1][0];
e[i][1]=b[p1][1];
e[i][2]=b[p1][2];
i++;
p1++;
}
}
else if(p2!=d[0][2])
{
while(p2<=d[0][2])
{
e[i][0]=d[p2][0];
e[i][1]=d[p2][1];
e[i][2]=d[p2][2];
i++;
p2++;
}
}
e[0][0]=row;
e[0][1]=col;
e[0][2]=i-1;
printf("matrix after subtractionn");
for(k=0;k<=i;k++)
{
for(l=0;l<3;l++)
{
printf("%dt",e[k][l]);
}
printf("n");
}
}
}
void transpose(int b[][10],int col,int c[][10])
{
int i,j,k,temp;
for(i=0;i<=b[0][2];i++)
{

41
c[i][0]=b[i][1];
c[i][1]=b[i][0];
c[i][2]=b[i][2];
}
for(i=1;i<=b[0][2];i++)
{
for(j=i+1;j<=b[0][2];j++)
{
if(c[i][0]>c[j][0])
{
for(k=0;k<3;k++)
{
temp=c[i][k];
c[i][k]=c[j][k];
c[j][k]=temp;
}
}
}
}
printf("transpose of matrix isn");
for(i=0;i<=c[0][2];i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("%dt",c[i][j]);
}
printf("n");
}
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the no of the rows: 3
Enter the no of the columns: 3
Enter the elements:
0 0 0 4 0 0 0 7 0
The sparse matrix is:
2 1 4
3 2 7
Enter the elements of second matrix:
2 0 0 6 0 0 5 0 0
The second sparse matrix is:
1 1 2
2 1 6
3 1 5
Addition of sparse matrix is: multiplication of sparse matrix is:
0 0 2 2 1 8
0 0 10 3 1 42
2 0 5

42
Q17 WAP to perform insertion, deletion, traversing and searching in Binary
search tree?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<alloc.h>
struct node
{
int data;
struct node *left,*right;
};
struct node *root;
void insert(int x)
{
struct node *p,*previous,*current;
p=(struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
if(p==NULL)
{
printf("n Out of memory");
}
p->data=x;
p->left=NULL;
p->right=NULL;
if(root==NULL)
{
root=p;
return;
}
previous=NULL;
current=root;
while(current!=NULL)
{
previous=current;
if(p->data<current->data)
current=current->left;
else
current=current->right;
}
if(p->data<previous->data)
previous->left=p;
else
previous->right=p;
}
void inorder(struct node *t)
{
if (t!=NULL)
{
inorder(t->left);
printf("n %5d",t->data);

43
inorder (t->right);
}
}
void del(int x)
{
int tright=0,tleft=0;
struct node *ptr=root;
struct node *parent=root;
struct node *t1=root;
struct node *temp=root;
while(ptr!=NULL&& ptr->data!=x)
{
parent=ptr;
if (x<ptr->data)
ptr=ptr->left;
else
ptr=ptr->right;
}
if (ptr==NULL)
{
printf("n Delete element not found");
return ;
}
else if(t1->data==x && (t1->left ==NULL || t1->right==NULL))
if(t1->left==NULL)
t1=t1->right;
else
t1=t1->left;
else if (ptr->left==NULL)
if (x<parent->data)
parent->left=ptr->right;
else
parent->right=ptr->right;
else if (ptr->right==NULL)
if (x<parent->data)
parent->left=ptr->left;
else
parent->right=ptr->left;
else
{
temp=ptr;
parent=ptr;
if((ptr->left)>=(ptr->right))
{
ptr=ptr->left;
while(ptr->right!=NULL)
{
tright=1;
parent=ptr;
ptr=ptr->right;
}

44
temp->data=ptr->data;
if(tright)
parent->right=ptr->left;
else
parent->left=ptr->left;
}
else
{
ptr=ptr->right;
while (ptr->left!=NULL)
{
tleft=1;
parent=ptr;
ptr=ptr->left;
}
temp->data=ptr->data;
if(tleft)
parent->left=ptr->right;
else
parent->right=ptr->right;
}
free(ptr);
}
}
void main()
{
int op,n,srchno;
root=(struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
root->data=30;
root->right=root->left=NULL;
clrscr();
do
{
printf("n 1.Insertion");
printf("n 2.Deletion");
printf("n 3.Inorder");
printf("n 4.Quit");
printf("n Enter your choicen");
scanf("%d",&op);
switch (op)
{
case 1: printf("n Enter the element to insertn");
scanf("%d",&n);
insert(n);
break;
case 2: printf("n Enter the element to be deletedn");
scanf("%d",&srchno);
del(srchno);
break;
case 3: printf("n The inorder elements aren");

45
inorder(root);
getch();
break;
default: exit(0);
}
}while(op<4);
getch();
}
OUTPUT:
1. Insertion
2. Deletion
3. Traversing
4. Quit
Enter your choice:
1
Enter the element: 1
Enter your choice
2
Enter the no. to be deleted
8
No is deleted
Tree element are:
1 5 3
Press any key to continue…

46
Q18 WAP to implement Depth first graph?
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <alloc.h>
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
#define MAX 8
struct node
{
int data ;
struct node *next ;
} ;
int visited[MAX] ;
void dfs ( int, struct node ** ) ;
struct node * getnode_write ( int ) ;
void del ( struct node * ) ;
void main( )
{
struct node *arr[MAX] ;
struct node *v1, *v2, *v3, *v4 ;
int i ;
clrscr( ) ;
v1 = getnode_write ( 2 ) ;
arr[0] = v1 ;
v1 -> next = v2 = getnode_write ( 3 ) ;
v2 -> next = NULL ;
arr[1] = v1 ;
v3 -> next = NULL ;
arr[2] = v1 ;
v3 -> next = NULL ;
arr[3] = v1 ;
v2 -> next = NULL ;
arr[4] = v1 ;
v2 -> next = NULL ;
arr[5] = v1 ;
v2 -> next = NULL ;
arr[6] = v1 ;

47
v2 -> next = NULL ;
arr[7] = v1 ;
v4 -> next = NULL ;
dfs ( 1, arr ) ;
for ( i = 0 ; i < MAX ; i++ )
del ( arr[i] ) ;
getch( ) ;
}
void dfs ( int v, struct node **p )
{
struct node *q ;
visited[v - 1] = TRUE ;
printf ( "%dt", v ) ;
q = * ( p + v - 1 ) ;
while ( q != NULL )
{
if ( visited[q -> data - 1] == FALSE )
dfs ( q -> data, p ) ;
else
q = q -> next ;
}
}
struct node * getnode_write ( int val )
{
struct node *newnode ;
newnode = ( struct node * ) malloc ( sizeof ( struct node ) ) ;
newnode -> data = val ;
return newnode ;
}
void del ( struct node *n )
{
struct node *temp ;
while ( n != NULL )
{
temp = n -> next ;
free ( n ) ;
n = temp ;
}
}
OUTPUT:
Traversing of DFS Graph is : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

48
Q19 WAP to implement Breadth first shortest path?
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <alloc.h>
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
#define MAX 8
struct node
{
int data ;
struct node *next ;
} ;
int visited[MAX] ;
int q[8] ;
int front, rear ;
void bfs ( int, struct node ** ) ;
struct node * getnode_write ( int ) ;
void addqueue ( int ) ;
int deletequeue( ) ;
int isempty( ) ;
void del ( struct node * ) ;
void main( )
{
struct node *arr[MAX] ;
struct node *v1, *v2, *v3, *v4 ;
int i ;
clrscr( ) ;
arr[0] = v1 ;
v2 -> next = NULL ;
arr[1] = v1 ;
v3 -> next = NULL ;
arr[2] = v1 ;
v3 -> next = NULL ;
arr[3] = v1 ;
v2 -> next = NULL ;
arr[4] = v1 ;
v2 -> next = NULL ;

49
arr[5] = v1 ;
v2 -> next = NULL ;
arr[6] = v1 ;
v2 -> next = NULL ;
arr[7] = v1 ;
v4 -> next = NULL ;
front = rear = -1 ;
bfs ( 1, arr ) ;
for ( i = 0 ; i < MAX ; i++ )
del ( arr[i] ) ;
getch( ) ;
}
void bfs ( int v, struct node **p )
{
struct node *u ;
visited[v - 1] = TRUE ;
printf ( "%dt", v ) ;
addqueue ( v ) ;
while ( isempty( ) == FALSE )
{
v = deletequeue( ) ;
u = * ( p + v - 1 ) ;
while ( u != NULL )
{
if ( visited [ u -> data - 1 ] == FALSE )
{
addqueue ( u -> data ) ;
visited [ u -> data - 1 ] = TRUE ;
printf ( "%dt", u -> data ) ;
}
u = u -> next ;
}
}
}
struct node * getnode_write ( int val )
{
struct node *newnode ;
newnode = ( struct node * ) malloc ( sizeof ( struct node ) ) ;
newnode -> data = val ;
return newnode ;
}
void addqueue ( int vertex )
{

50
if ( rear == MAX - 1 )
{
printf ( "nQueue Overflow." ) ;
exit( ) ;
}
rear++ ;
q[rear] = vertex ;
if ( front == -1 )
front = 0 ;
}
int deletequeue( )
{
int data ;
if ( front == -1 )
{
printf ( "nQueue Underflow." ) ;
exit( ) ;
}
data = q[front] ;
if ( front == rear )
front = rear = -1 ;
else
front++ ;
return data ;
}
int isempty( )
{
if ( front == -1 )
return TRUE ;
return FALSE ;
}
void del ( struct node *n )
{
struct node *temp ;
while ( n != NULL )
{
temp = n -> next ;
free ( n ) ;
n = temp ;
}
}

51
Q20 WAP to implement heap tree?
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void restoreup ( int, int * ) ;
void restoredown ( int, int *, int ) ;
void makeheap ( int *, int ) ;
void add ( int, int *, int * ) ;
int replace ( int, int *, int ) ;
int del ( int *, int * ) ;
void main( )
{
int arr [20] = { 1000, 7, 10, 25, 17, 23, 27, 16,
19, 37, 42, 4, 33, 1, 5, 11 } ;
int i, n = 15 ;
clrscr( ) ;
makeheap ( arr, n ) ;
printf ( "Heap:n" ) ;
for ( i = 1 ; i <= n ; i++ )
printf ( "%dt", arr [i] ) ;
i = 24 ;
add ( i, arr, &n ) ;
printf ( "nnElement added %d.n", i ) ;
printf ( "nHeap after addition of an element:n" ) ;
for ( i = 1 ; i <= n ; i++ )
i = replace ( 2, arr, n ) ;
printf ( "nnElement replaced %d.n", i ) ;
printf ( "nHeap after replacement of an element:n" ) ;
for ( i = 1 ; i <= n ; i++ )
i = del ( arr, &n ) ;
printf ( "nnElement deleted %d.n", i ) ;
printf ( "nHeap after deletion of an element:n" ) ;
for ( i = 1 ; i <= n ; i++ )
getch( ) ;
}
void restoreup ( int i, int *arr )
{
int val ;
val = arr [i] ;
while ( arr [i / 2] <= val )
{
arr [i] = arr [i / 2] ;
i = i / 2 ;

52
}
arr [i] = val ;
}
void restoredown ( int pos, int *arr, int n )
{
int i, val ;
val = arr [pos] ;
while ( pos <= n / 2 )
{
i = 2 * pos ;
if ( ( i < n ) && ( arr [i] < arr [i + 1] ) )
i++ ;
if ( val >= arr [i] )
break ;
arr [pos] = arr [i] ;
pos = i ;
}
arr [pos] = val ;
}
void makeheap ( int *arr, int n )
{
int i ;
for ( i = n / 2 ; i >= 1 ; i-- )
restoredown ( i, arr, n ) ;
}
void add ( int val, int *arr, int *n )
{
( *n ) ++ ;
arr [*n] = val ;
restoreup ( *n, arr ) ;
}
int replace ( int i, int *arr, int n )
{
int r = arr [1] ;
arr [1] = i ;
for ( i = n / 2 ; i >= 1 ; i-- )
restoredown ( i, arr, n ) ;
return r ;
}
int del ( int *arr, int *n )
{
int val ;
val = arr [1] ;
arr [1] = arr [*n] ;
( *n ) -- ;
restoredown ( 1, arr, *n ) ;
return val ;
}

53
OUTPUT:
Heap:
42 37 33 19 23 27 16 7 17
10
4 25 1 5 11
Element added 24.
Heap after addition of an element:
42 37 33 24 23 27 16 19 17
10
4 25 1 5 11 7
Element replaced 42.
Heap after replacement of an element:
37 24 33 19 23 27 16 7 17
10
4 25 1 5 11 2
Element deleted 37.
Heap after deletion of an element:
33 24 27 19 23 25 16 7 17
10
4 2 1 5 11

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