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<HTML>
Kosie Eloff
Department of Information Science (UP)
HTML
✖ CSS
✖ EPUB
<SECTION> 1: THEORY
A] What is HTML? Why HTML?
B] Definitions and concepts
HTML =
Hypertext Markup Language
HyperText Markup Language
HyperText Markup Language
HyperText Markup Language
1. What is Hypertext?
<HTML>
Hypertext
Text that contains links* to other texts.
*a.k.a. hyperlinks
Introduction to basic HTML [Librarian edition]
Introduction to basic HTML [Librarian edition]
2. What is Markup?
<HTML>
Markup
Instructions written on a manuscript.
Introduction to basic HTML [Librarian edition]
3. What is a
Markup Language?
<HTML>
Markup language
A language* that uses instructions** to
describe the nature of a document***
Editor’s markup instructions
Markup instructions in .doc
¶
Markup instructions in HTML
<h1>Pynstiller, 2012</h1>
<p>Op Twitter twiet Henry die
agtste boodskappe aan die
publiek (@KngHnryVIII, 2012).
Koning Henry se interaksie met
gebruikers is beide opvoedkundig
en speels:</p>
HTML =
Hypertext Markup Language
HTML: main markup language for
creating web pages and other
information that can be displayed in a
web browser.
Introduction to basic HTML [Librarian edition]
Important concepts
1. HTML as a structure
2. HTML as a computer file
3. HTML as plain text
4. HTML and web browsers
1. HTML as a structure
2. HTML as a computer file
3. HTML as plain text
4. HTML and web browsers
Introduction to basic HTML [Librarian edition]
Introduction to basic HTML [Librarian edition]
Summary
Hypertext: links between texts.
Markup language: instructions
that describe the nature of a
document.
Summary
Main WWW markup language
For web pages*
Displayed in web browser**
Summary
HTML is a structure
HTML instructions: <tags>
HTML is plain text
.html is a computer file
Introduction to basic HTML [Librarian edition]
<SECTION> 2: PRACTICAL
How to create and use HTML.
Instructions
http://bit.ly/htmlpdf
Print these out, or keep the PDF open during
your work.
1. Using a plain text editor
Confirm with instructor or colleague that you
have a text editor installed and that you can
save files as .html files.
2. Using the browser
Confirm with instructor or colleague that you
can open a .html file with your web browser.
3. Writing HTML
Confirm with instructor or colleague that you
have typed the following content into your .html
document, using your text editor:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<h1>Hello world!</h1>
</html>
4. Save and preview
Confirm with instructor or colleague that A) you
have saved your work (Ctrl+S) and B) that you
can view your .html in your web browser.
Memorandum
http://bit.ly/htmlmemo
Contains the solution to steps 1-4.
What we practised
1. Using a plain text editor
2. Using a browser
3. Writing HTML
4. Saving and viewing your web page
HTML syntax (symbols): grammar
HTML elements (tags): vocabulary
Please note
<h1>What is HTML?</h1>
<p>HTML is the main markup
language of the web.</p>
<p>...for creating web pages
and <strong>other
information</strong> that can
be displayed in a <strong>web
browser</strong>.</p>
What is HTML?
HTML is the main markup
language of the web.
… for creating web pages and
other information that can be
displayed in a web browser.
HTML’s structure: tags
<h1>What is HTML?</h1>
<p>HTML is the main markup
language of the web.</p>
<p>...for creating web pages
and <strong>other
information</strong> that can
be displayed in a <strong>web
browser</strong>.</p>
What is HTML?
HTML is the main markup
language of the web.
… for creating web pages and
other information that can be
displayed in a web browser.
HTML’s structure: tags
A simple HTML document
1. <!DOCTYPE html>
2. <html>
3. <h1>
4. Hello world!
5. </h1>
6. </html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
Document type declaration.
Memorise (or check slide notes).
<html>
Opening tag
The < and > symbols: syntax
“This is the start of the html.”
<h1>
Opening tag
The < and > symbols: syntax
“This is the start of a first-level heading.”
Hello world!
The information being marked up.
Hello world!
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<h1>
Hello world!
</h1>
</html>
</h1>
Closing tag
The < and > and / symbols: syntax
“This is where the first-level heading stops.”
</html>
Closing tag
The < and > and / symbols: syntax
“This is where the html document stops.”
Line-by-line
1. <!DOCTYPE html>
2. <html>
3. <h1>
4. Hello world!
5. </h1>
6. </html>
When viewed in browser
Revision: what we practised
1. Using a plain text editor
2. Using a browser
3. Writing HTML
4. Saving and viewing your web page
5. Some HTML tags
6. How to mark up a heading
<SECTION> 3: EXERCISE
Do this exercise after ensuring that you’re
familiar with the outcomes of <section> 2.
Download index.html
http://bit.ly/saoughtml
A clean .html file for you to work on
Save as …
Consider the meaning of:
<head>
<meta>
<style>
<body>
What kind of instruction might each tag deliver?
Customise the following content
<title>
<h1>
<h2>
<p>
Add the following content
<em>
<strong>
<ol>
<ul>
<li>
Class exercise
@kosieeloff
http://bit.ly/saoughtml
Clarifications
In case I need to clarify a few things — and if
there’s time.
The main markup language
of the web.
One of many
markup languages
Why should I understand HTML?
“…follows markup conventions in
publishing industry in the
communication of printed work
between authors, editors, and
printers.”
Plain text =
interoperability
What about CSS?
Introduction to basic HTML [Librarian edition]
Introduction to basic HTML [Librarian edition]
</html>
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Introduction to basic HTML [Librarian edition]

Editor's Notes

  • #2: Kosie EloffDepartment of Information Science (UP)
  • #3: This workshop covers the very basics of HTML. HTML is only part of the EPUB (.epub) standard, but a significant one. Ensure that you understand the basics of HTML before delving into the basics of the EPUB standard. CSS is the language used to style HTML. We won’t have time to cover CSS formally, so any references to CSS (if needed) will be made during the practical exercise
  • #5: Kosie EloffDepartment of Information Science (UP)
  • #9: Kosie EloffDepartment of Information Science (UP)
  • #10: Linking to other texts makes reading hyper.
  • #11: http://grupo20hypertext.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/dsc_00016.jpg
  • #13: Kosie EloffDepartment of Information Science (UP)
  • #15: http://creativeservices.iu.edu/resources/guide/img/example.gif
  • #16: Kosie EloffDepartment of Information Science (UP)
  • #17: * That can be understood by humans as well as by a computer. ** Called tags (or elements – in either case, note the term instructions).*** A document in both the concrete as well as abstract sense (see examples)
  • #18: http://creativeservices.iu.edu/resources/guide/img/example.gif
  • #21: Kosie EloffDepartment of Information Science (UP)
  • #23: http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-dkhXbIT3IGY/TYo7vGKR1HI/AAAAAAAAAbk/CCNioNd2w-E/s1600/bricklayer.jpg
  • #25: http://www.annuairedubusiness.com/medias/images/dom-tree.png
  • #26: http://tips4pc.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/file-types.png
  • #30: You can view the HTML of the web page you’re currently on. Depending on the browser, there will be some “view source” function available. If you can’t find it, do a web search for the terms “view source” and your browser name. http://static.flickr.com/180/462575017_f992e9b159_o.png
  • #32: * And other information.** Mostly.
  • #48: To understand the document type declaration, you need to understand the role that XML plays in the digital environment. This is beyond the scope of the workshop. If you’re familiar with XML, try this article:- http://webdesign.about.com/od/dtds/a/aa101700a.htm
  • #65: HTML is also great as a tool to introduce students to markup languages in general. Other markup languages, such as SGML, RTF, XML and TEX, are useful in other information systems. For instance, XML is a markup language that can be used to create other markup languages.
  • #66: Note the[citation needed] tag in the source. Nonetheless, I believe this statement is an apt way to describe the usefulness of HTML as a markup language to audiences that are familiar with working in a print environment. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markup_language
  • #69: http://media02.hongkiat.com/css-back-to-basics/css-back-to-basic.jpg
  • #70: http://99points.info/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/css_html_javascript.jpg