Governance in Sub Continent (India), Local Governance, Local Governance in India
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This document provides an overview of local governance systems in India. It describes that India has 28 states and 7 union territories, with states having either unicameral or bicameral parliaments. It also outlines the three-tier rural local governance system of panchayats consisting of village-level gram panchayats, block-level panchayat samitis, and district-level zila parishads. For urban areas, it details the different types of local bodies including municipal corporations for large cities, municipalities or nagar palikas for mid-sized towns, and nagar panchayats for smaller urban centers.
Governance in Sub Continent (India), Local Governance, Local Governance in India
- 1. Governance in Sub-Continent (India) Local Governance Mr. ABBAS ALI
- 3. India Emblem Capital New Delhi Largest City Mumbai Official Languages Hindi / Eng Area: 32,87,590 KM2 GDP: $6266 Per Capita Population: 1,276,267,000 Religions Hindu 79.8% Muslim 14.2% Christian 2.3% Sikh & others 1.7%
- 5. Local Governance in India 28 states Seven union territories. State governors are appointed by the president for 5- year States have either unicameral or bicameral parliaments and have jurisdiction over police and public order, agriculture, education, public health, and local government. The federal government has jurisdiction over any matter not specifically reserved for the states. President may intervene in state affairs during emergencies and may even suspend a state's government.
- 6. Federal Parliamentary Constitutional Republic
- 8. Cont…
- 9. Lower House (Lok-Sabha) The lower house, the People's Assembly (Lok Sabha), Elected every five years. It may be dissolved earlier by the president. It is composed of 545 members. 543 apportioned among the states. Two chosen by the president.
- 10. Upper House (Rajya-Sabha) The upper house, the Council of States (Elected by States) 250 members. The great majority are apportioned by state Each state's delegates are chosen by its elected assembly. 12 members are appointed by the president. In addition, one member represents the union territory of Puducherry. Members serve for six years, with one third retiring every other year
- 11. Rural Local Governance system Panchayat Raj System (Three Tier System) Foundation of Indian Political System. (Mahatma Gandhi) Gram Panchayat: Village,small town level or Group of Villages. Elected Sarpanch, (chairman), 5 years, focal person, some proposals, Panchayat Samiti: Block (tehsil) Level Panchayat. Zila Parishad: Panchayati Raj, Dist. Level Panchayat. 3 Million elected rep. at all levels, 580,000 villages 99.6% of rural population
- 12. Urban Local Government Municipal Corporation: It is the topmost of urban local government and is for an urban area/centre with population above 3 lacs. Councilors: Members of the Municipal Corporation are elected on the basis of universal adult suffrage for a period of five years and they are called Councillors. Municipal Commissioners and Mayors: He is an Indian Administrative Services official appointed by the state government and has the executive powers of the government of Municipal Corporations. The other executives known as the Mayor and Deputy Mayor are political executives elected for a period of one year by the members of the Corporation. The Mayor is the titular head of the corporation and presides over the meetings of the corporation.
- 13. Municipal Councils or Municipalities Nagar Palika (Municipality) Administers a city of 100,000 or more. Members are elected for 5 years. Town is divided into wards as per population. Members elect president among themselves for representation of meetings. Responsible for: Water, hospital, roads, street lighting, drainage, fire brigades, market places, record of births and deaths, solid waste management. Source of Income: Different types of taxes on water, markets, vehicles etc
- 14. MUNICIPAL GOVT. IN VERY SMALL CITIES Nagar Panchayats: (Notified Area Council or City Council) It is for an urban area/centre Having population of more than 30,000 and less than 100,000 inhabitants. Have Mayor/chairman(NAC) with ward members. Membership consists of a minimum of ten elected ward members and three nominated members. It consist of a Block Development Officer (commonly known as Executive Officer), who is the chief of all administration.
- 15. SOME OTHER MUNICIPAL BODIES Town Area Committee: Township: Cantonment Board:
- 16. Ref Article of Ms. Puja Mandal www.yourarticlelibrary.com Wikipedia