Sexually transmitted disease control programme
Download as PPTX, PDF38 likes46,365 views
This document discusses sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and control programs. It outlines the bacterial, viral, protozoal and fungal agents that cause STDs. The objectives of STD control programs are to educate about risks and prevention, describe clinical presentations, and manage complications. Control strategies include case detection through screening high-risk groups, contact tracing, treatment, health education, and preventing infection and minimizing adverse effects. The national STD control program in India was established in 1949 and operates specialized clinics for diagnosis and treatment across the country. A community health nurse's role includes case finding, managing clinics and follow-up, educating pregnant women, and prevention through education and ensuring treatment completion.
Sexually transmitted disease control programme
- 2. INTRODUCTION • The sexually transmitted disease (STD) are a group of communicable disease that are transmitted pre predominantly by sexual contact and caused by a wide range of bacterial, viral, protozoal, and fungal agents.
- 3. CAUSE 1) bacterial agents :- • Neisseria gonorrheae • Chlamydia trachomotis • Treponema pallidum • Group B- streptococcus 2) viral agents:- • Hepatities virus • Human papilloma virus • Human immune deficiency virus
- 4. 3) protozoal agents:- • Entamoebe hstolytica • Trichomonas vaginalis 4) fungal agents :- • Candida albicans
- 5. OBJECTIVES OF SID :- • Explain the epidemiological impact of sexually transmitted disease • Discuss ways to reduce risk for STD’s • Examine how condoms can reduce risk for STD’s • Describe the clinical presentation of STD • Outline the management, complication and prevention of STD
- 6. STRATEGIES 1) Case detection case detection is on essential part of any control programme. • Screening oscreenings the testing of apparently healthy volunteers from the general population for the early detection of disease. oHigh priority is given to screening of special groups, pregnant women, blood donors, industrial workers, army, police, refugees, convicts restaurant and hotel staff ect..,
- 7. • Contact tracing :- it is the term used for technique by which the sexual partners of diagnosed patients are identified, located, investigated and treated. • cluster testing here the patients are asked to name other persons of eith sex who more in the same socio – sexual environment there persons are then screened (eg: blood testing ) this technique has been shown almost to double the number of case found
- 8. 2) Case holding and treatment there is a tendency on a part of patients suffering from STD’s to disappear or drop out before treatment is complete. 3) Epidemiological treatment It consists of the administration of full therapeutic dose of treatment to persons recently exposed to STD while a waiting the results of lab test.
- 9. • 4) personal prophylaxis:- i) contraceptives : mechanical barriers can be reamended for personal prophylaxis against STD’s ii) Vaccines : the development of a vaccine for hepatitis B has raised hope that vaccine will be found for other STD’s 5) Health education health education is an integral part of STD control programme. it is help the individual alter behaviour in an effort to avoid STD’s that is minimize disease acquisition and transmission
- 10. CONTROL OF STD’S • The aim of the control programme for STD’s is the prevention of ill health resulting from the above conditions through various intervention 1) primary prevention ( prevention of infection) 2) secondary prevention ( minimize the adverse effects of infection
- 11. NATIONAL SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMME • STD control programme has been in operation in India since 1949. • The programme is based on in the specialized facilities offering clinical service for diagnosis and treatment od SDT. • Government of India has established 62 surveillance centres for screening persons practicing high risk behaviour, 29 zonal blood testing centres in 4 metropolitan cities and additional 89 blood testing centres in 83 large cities for screening all pooled plasma for HIV infection
- 12. • 62 surveillance centres functioning in 33 cities have also been identified as zonal blood testing centres for screening blood samples received from the blood bank. • With this testing facilities have now become available at 110 cities of country.
- 13. • The facilities currently providing STD control are : 5 regional STD Delhi Chennai Hyderbad Nagpur Calcutta • Skin- leprosy – STD clinics in medical colleges and in some district and taluka hospitals. • STD control programme has been merged with AIDS control programme.
- 14. • The national Venereal diseases control programme was established in 1949 as per the advice of bhore committee which recommended the following 1.To introduce compulsory notification 2.Free treatment to all patients seeking treatment 3.Facilities to be provided free for personal prophylaxis. 4.Adequate diagnostic facilities 5.Follow – up to be maintained 6.Mass education of public regarding cause and prevention od venereal disease 7.Measure to reduce prostitution to be considered essential.
- 15. NURSE’S RESPONSIBILITY OF A COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE IN STD’S 1) Case finding • Interviewing the patient • Assist doctor with examination and diagnosis • Recognition of symptoms • Taking history skilfully • Eduation 2) managing clinics and follow up • Home visits to care for patients and families • Follow up the contacts
- 16. 3) All pregnant mothers who are having sexually transmitted disease must be visit as frequently as possible and made to attend the clinic for treatment 4) Prevention • Visits to newborn infants • Helping babies with congental syphilis to have hospital care • Teaching care under supervision 5) The nurses job in providing the care and treatment to the family when diagnosed will be a difficult task, specially in India, where people are still not aware of the seriousness of this disease.
- 17. • go a community health nurse has to spend considerable amount of time in getting the patient to complete the course of the treatment.