cardamom
Download as PPTX, PDF7 likes15,694 views
Cardamom is the world's third most expensive spice. It is native to southern India where it grows in evergreen forests receiving 1500-3000 mm of rainfall annually at temperatures of 10-35°C. There are two main varieties: Elettaria cardamomum var. major which is wild and indigenous to Sri Lanka, and Elettaria cardamomum var. minor which includes the cultivated types Malabar, Mysore, and Vazhukka. Cardamom is used widely as a spice in Indian cooking and has several medicinal properties, including as a treatment for digestive issues, bad breath, and cancer.
cardamom
- 2. Common Name : Cardamom Scientific name : Eletarria cardamomum Family : Zingiberaceae Kingdom : Plantae Order : zingiberales Genera : Elettaria Amomum
- 3. introduction World’s 3rd most expensive spice and known as ‘Queen of Spices’. First introduced in Guatemala by Oscar Majus Kloeffer. It is now biggest producer and exporter followed by India. Cineole and α- terpenyl acetate is index of aroma flavour in cardamom.
- 4. distribution Indigenous - southern stretch of evergreen forest of western Ghats. In India – cultivation takes place mostly in Kerala(60%), Karnataka(32%) and Tamilnadu(8%). Total area under cardamom in India is estimated to be approximately 69000 ha. Green cardamom – highest quality found.
- 5. habitat It is a Shade bearer species. Grows well in well distributed rainfall areas (1500- 3000 mm in western Ghats.) Temperature required 10˚- 35˚C. Suitable soils – sandy clay to sandy clay loam texture, acidic (pH 4.5-5.8) Raised by suckers or seedlings of high yielding varieties.
- 7. varieties Two varieties are observed:- 1) Elettaria cardamomum :- Var. major comprised of wild indigenous types of Srilanka. 2)Elettaria cardamomum :- Var. minor comprised of cultivars like Mysore, Malabar and Vazhukka.
- 8. CULTIVAR MALABAR:- Medium sized with height of 2-3m on maturity. This type is considered less susceptible to thrips. Mostly cultivated in Karnataka. Can thrive under low rainfall and short duration rainfall.
- 9. Cultivar vazhukka :- It is natural hybrid of Malabar and Mysore types. Cultivated in Kerala and Tamilnadu. Robust as cv. Mysore.
- 10. Cultivar Mysore :- This type are robust with height of 3-4m. Thrive well under assured, well distributed rainfall conditions. Mostly cultivated in Kerala.
- 11. uses A well known spice used in Indian cooking. Effective remedy against halitosis, tooth, gum and oral disorders. Volatile oil in cardamom is ideal solution for host of digestive problems and Aromatherapy. Can act as a diuretic and also helps in relieving nephritis.
- 12. It contains IC3( indole-3-carbinol) and DIM( diidolylmethane) , these phytochemicals are cancer fighters. (CHITTARANJAN NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE) Antioxidant properties are used to treat Parkinson’s disease. Good source – potassium, calcium and magnesium. Increases Glutathione , an antioxidant enzyme found naturally in our body.
- 13. Brown / Black cardamom Cardamom powder Green cardamom
- 14. Thank you