The document discusses different types of streams in Java including file, byte, character, and standard streams. File streams allow reading and writing of files and include classes like FileInputStream and FileOutputStream for bytes and FileReader and FileWriter for characters. Byte streams handle 8-bit bytes while character streams handle 16-bit Unicode. Standard streams in Java are System.in for input, System.out for standard output, and System.err for errors. Sample code is provided to write to and read from files.