02 unity 3_d_part_1
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Unity 3D is a game engine that allows users to create 3D games. The main components of a Unity project include scenes stored in the project view, game objects organized in the hierarchy, and views like the scene view to build levels and the game view to test games. Key concepts include parenting game objects to link their transformations and using the transform tools to move, rotate, and scale objects in the scene view.
![• The Toolbar consists of five basic controls. Each relate to different
parts of the Editor.
• Transform Tools -- used with the Scene View
• ]
Transform Gizmo Toggles -- affect the Scene View display
•
Play/Pause/Step Buttons -- used with the Game View
•
Layers Drop-down -- controls which objects are displayed in Scene View
•
Layout Drop-down -- controls arrangement of all Views](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/02unity3dpart1-180425072255/85/02-unity-3_d_part_1-8-320.jpg)
02 unity 3_d_part_1
- 2. Start->Programs->Unity on Windows, or Applications->Unity on Mac. The Unity Editor will appear. Take your time to look over the Unity Editor interface and familiarize yourself with it. The Main Editor Window is made up of several Tabbed Windows, called Views. There are several types of Views in Unity, each with a specific purpose.
- 3. EveryUnityprojectcontainsanAssetsfolder.The contentsof thisfolderare presentedin the Project View.Thisiswhere you store allthe assetsthat make up your game, like scenes,scripts,3D models, textures, audiofiles,and Prefabs. If you right-clickon any assetin the ProjectView,you can choose RevealinExplorer(RevealinFinderon Mac) to actuallysee the assetitselfin your filesystem. Important Note:You shouldnever move projectassetsaroundusingthe OS sincethis willbreak any metadataassociatedwiththe asset.. Always usethe ProjectViewto organizeyour assets. To add assetsto your project,you can drag anyfilefrom your OS intothe ProjectView,or useAssets- >Import NewAsset.Your assetis nowready to be usedin your game.
- 4. • Scenes are also stored in the Project View. Think of these as individual levels. For example, the Islands Scene loads by default when Unity first launches. To create a new Scene, use Control-N (Command-N on Mac). To save the current Scene into the Project View, use Control-S (Command-S on Mac). • Some game assets need to be created from within Unity. To do this, use the Create drop-down, or right click->Create. • The Create drop-down • This will allow you to add scripts, Prefabs, or folders to keep your project organized. You can rename any asset/folder by pressing F2 on Windows, or Enter on Mac, or with two paced clicks on the asset name. If you hold the Alt key while you expand or contract a directory, all subdirectories will also be expanded or contracted.
- 5. • The Hierarchy contains every GameObject in the current Scene. Some of these are direct instances of asset files like 3D models, and others are instances of Prefabs -- custom objects that will make up much of your game. You can select and Parent objects in the Hierarchy. As objects are added and removed from the scene, they will appear and disappear from the Hierarchy as well.
- 7. Parenting • Parenting • Unity uses a concept called Parenting. To make any GameObject the child of another, drag the desired child onto the desired parent in the Hierarchy. A child will inherit the movement and rotation of its parent. You can now expand and contract the parent to see its children in the Hierarchy without affecting your game. Parenting is one of the most important concepts to understand when using Unity. When a GameObject is a Parent of another GameObject, the Child GameObject will move, rotate, and scale exactly as its Parent does. Just like your arms are attached to your body, when you turn your body, your arms move because they're attached. Any object can have multiple children, but only one parent. You can create a Parent by dragging any GameObject in the Hierarchy View onto another. This will create a Parent-Child relationship between the two GameObjects.
- 8. • The Toolbar consists of five basic controls. Each relate to different parts of the Editor. • Transform Tools -- used with the Scene View • ] Transform Gizmo Toggles -- affect the Scene View display • Play/Pause/Step Buttons -- used with the Game View • Layers Drop-down -- controls which objects are displayed in Scene View • Layout Drop-down -- controls arrangement of all Views
- 9. • The Scene View is your interactive sandbox. You will use the Scene View to select and position environments, the player, the camera, enemies, and all other GameObjects. Maneuvering and manipulating objects within the Scene View are some of the most important functions in Unity, so it's important to be able to do them quickly.
- 10. • Hold the right mouse button to enter Flythrough mode. This turns your mouse and WASD keys (plus Q and E for up and down) into quick first-person view navigation. • Select any GameObject and press the F key. This will center the Scene View and pivot point on the selection. • Use the arrow keys to move around on the X/Z plane. • Hold Alt and click-drag to orbit the camera around the current pivot point. • Hold Alt and middle click-drag to drag the Scene View camera around. • Hold Alt and right click-drag to zoom the Scene View. This is the same as scrolling with your mouse wheel. • You might also find use in the Hand Tool (shortcut: Q), especially if you are using a one-button mouse. With the Hand tool is selected,
- 11. Click-drag to drag the camera around. Hold Alt and click-drag to orbit the camera around the current pivot point. Hold Control (Command on Mac) and click-drag to zoom the camera. In the upper-right corner of the Scene View is the Scene Gizmo. This displays the Scene Camera's current orientation, and allows you to quickly modify the viewing angle. You can click on any of the arms to snap the Scene Camera to that direction and change it to Isometric Mode. While in Isometric Mode, you can right-click drag to orbit, and Alt-click drag to pan. To exit this mode, click the middle of the Scene Gizmo. You can also Shift-click the middle of the Scene Gizmo any time to toggle Isometric Mode. Gizmo shape
- 12. Gizmo Display Toggles • he Gizmo Display Toggles are used to define the location of any Transform Gizmo. Gizmo Display Toggles Position: Center will position the Gizmo at the center of the object's rendered bounds. Pivot will position the Gizmo at the actual pivot point of a Mesh. Rotation: • Local will keep the Gizmo's rotation relative to the object's. • Global will clamp the Gizmo to world space orientation.
- 13. Perspective Vs Isometric mode Perspective mode. Isometric mode. Objects do not get smaller with distance here!
- 14. • Use the Transform Tools in the Toolbar to Translate, Rotate, and Scale individual GameObjects. Each has a corresponding Gizmo that appears around the selected GameObject in the Scene View. You can use the mouse and manipulate any Gizmo axis to alter the Transform Component of the GameObject, or you can type values directly into the number fields of the Transform Component in the Inspector. • Click and drag in the center of the Gizmo to manipulate the object on all axes at once. • If you have a three button mouse, you can click the middle button to adjust the last-adjusted axis (which turns yellow) without clicking directly on it. • Be careful when using the scaling tool, as non-uniform scales (e.g. 1,2,1) can cause unusual scaling of child objects.
- 16. The Scene View control bar lets you see the scene in various view modes - Textured, Wireframe, RGB, Overdraw, and many others. It will also enable you to see (and hear) in-game lighting, game elements, and sound in the Scene View.
- 17. • Draw Mode The first drop-down is for choosing a Draw Mode. You can choose to view the entire scene Textured, Wireframe, Tex - Wire, Render Paths, or Lightmap Resolution. This has no effect on your game when it is published. Draw Mode drop-down: Textured shows surfaces with their textures on, like in the game. Wireframe shows the wireframes of the meshes in the scene. Tex - Wire shows wireframes on top of the textures. Render Paths shows which rendering paths objects are using. Green: deferred lighting, yellow: forward, red: vertex lit. Lightmap Resolution shows a checkered grid overlaid on the scene that corresponds to the resolution of the lightmaps, to make it easier to see if they have the right resolution.
- 18. • Render Mode • The next drop-down is for choosing one of four Render Modes. You can choose to fill the Scene View with RGB, Alpha, Overdraw, or Mipmaps. Again, this will not affect your published game. • Render Mode drop-down : • RGB is simply all the colors of your game rendered as normal. • Alpha will render all alpha values for fine-tuning transparency or fullscreen effects that make use of alpha values. • Overdraw will indicate how much of the screen is consuming overdraw time. • Mipmaps shows ideal texture sizes -- red means the particular texture is larger than necessary (at the current distance and resolution), while blue means the texture could be larger. Of course ideal texture sizes depend on the resolution the game will run at, and how close the camera can get to the respective surfaces.
- 19. • Scene Lighting, Game Overlay, and Audition Mode Enabling Scene Lighting will override the default Scene View lighting with whatever lights you have positioned to create your final light setup. Enabling Game Overlay will show items like Skyboxes and GUI Elements in the Scene View, and it will also hide the grid. Enabling Audition Mode will make AudioSources in the scene play so they can be heard without going into Play Mode.
- 20. • The Game View is rendered from the Camera(s) in your game. It is representative of your final, published game. You will need to use one or more Cameras to control what the player actually sees when they are playing your game.
- 21. • Game View Control Bar • The first drop-down on the Game View control bar is the Aspect Drop-down. Here, you can force the aspect ratio of the Game View window to different values. It can be used to test how your game will look on monitors with different aspect ratios. • Further to the right is the Maximize on Play toggle. While enabled, the Game View will maximize itself to 100% of your Editor Window for a nice full-screen preview when you enter Play mode. • Continuing to the right is the Gizmos toggle. While enabled, all Gizmos that appear in Scene View will also be drawn in Game View. This includes Gizmos drawn using any of the Gizmos class functions. • Finally we have the Stats button. This shows Rendering Statistics window that is very useful for Optimizing Graphics Performance.
- 22. Game View Stats of your game.
- 24. • Games in Unity are made up of multiple GameObjects that contain meshes, scripts, sounds, or other graphical elements like Lights. The Inspector displays detailed information about your currently selected GameObject, including all attached Components and their properties. Here, you modify the functionality of GameObjects in your scene.
- 25. • Any property that is displayed in the Inspector can be directly modified. Even script variables can be changed without modifying the script itself. You can use the Inspector to change variables at runtime to experiment and find the magic gameplay for your game. In a script, if you define a public variable of an object type (like GameObject or Transform), you can drag and drop a GameObject or Prefab into the Inspector to make the assignment. Click the question mark beside any Component name in the Inspector to load its Component Reference page.
- 26. • Use the Layer drop-down to assign a rendering Layer to the GameObject. Use the Tag drop-down to assign a Tag to this GameObject.
- 27. • Double-clicking an error in the Status Bar or choosing Window->Console will bring up the Console.
- 28. • The Console shows messages, warnings, errors, or debug output from your game. You can define your own messages to be sent to the Console using Debug.Log(), Debug.LogWarning, or Debug.LogError(). You can double-click any message to be taken to the script that caused the message. You also have a number of options on the Console Toolbar. Console control toolbar helps your filter your debug output. Pressing Clear will remove all current messages from the Console. When Collapse is enabled, identical messages will only be shown once. When Clear on play is enabled, all messages will be removed from the Console every time you go into Play mode. When Error Pause is enabled, Debug.LogError() will cause the pause to occur but Debug.Log() will not. Pressing Open Player Log will open the Player Log in a text editor (or using the Console app on Mac). Pressing Open Player Log will open the Editor Log in a text editor
- 29. • The Animation View in Unity allows you create and modify Animation Clips directly inside Unity. It is meant to be a powerful and easy tool that can supplement external 3D animation programs or even be used instead. It is great for creating simple Animation Clips, and has the added benefits of being able to animate variables of materials and components, and add Animation Events to Animation Clips that can call script functions at specific points in time