110622 presentatie ukraineshort
- 1. Targets and criteria for biofuels and bioenergy Visit of Ukrainian delegation By Ralph Brieskorn & Margo Verhagen Project directorate Biofuels The Netherlands June 24, 2011
- 2. Summary • Why Biofuels and Bio energy? • Targets and Concerns • Sustainability Requirements and certification in the EU • Sustainability of biofuels in the Netherlands • Policy developments in the Netherlands • Further perspectives 2 June 24, 2011
- 3. Why bio energy and bio fuels in the Netherlands? • Commitment to the Kyoto Protocol, further GHG reductions in the future: Bio energy large potential and technological/financial interesting opportunities • Biofuels: • Transport accounts for 21% of the EU’s GHG emissions • GHG-emissions in transport sector, by far the largest increase since 1990 The Netherlands today… The Netherlands in… 3 June 24, 2011
- 4. Some facts on bio energy in the Netherlands Year 2009/2010 • 68 PJ Renewable Energy • 3,9% RE of total energy • 75% RE is biomass • Year 2010:4 % biofuels in transport • Evaluation in 2014 for next steps towards 10% goal in 2020 4 June 24, 2011
- 5. EU 2020 Targets Renewable Energy Directive • Minimum of 10% renewable energy in transport in 2020 • Electric, biofuels, biogas • At least applicable to road transport, opt in for shipping/air • Double counting 2nd generation biofuels (waste/residues/cellulosic) Fuel Quality Directive • Life Cycle Analysis, CO2-reduction of 6% compared to 2010 • Looks at the whole chain of production and use of fuels • No double counting 2nd generation biofuels 5 June 24, 2011
- 6. More trade And, the Netherlands is not just an important consumer of biofuels and biomass, but is in Europe also the most important transitcountry for these matters 6 June 24, 2011
- 7. But also concerns about biofuels • Competition with food (price spikes 2007/2008) • Land use change (direct and indirect) • Loss of biodiversity • Loss of GHG sinks • Other sustainability effects: • Locally: soil, water, air • Social (poverty, land rights) 7 June 24, 2011
- 8. Targets vs Concerns European targets & national needs vs Concerns regarding sustainability Sustainability Policy on biofuels and bioenergy - Criteria - Monitoring - Reporting - Certification 8 June 24, 2011
- 9. What does sustainable biofuel/biomass mean? “People, planet, profit” • Socially beneficial? • Environmentally friendly? • Economically feasible? Current biofuel production is not necessarily sustainable; >> Sustainability paradox About: product, the production chain (including transport) and use And about direct and indirect effects 9 June 24, 2011
- 10. EU Sustainability Requirements For biofuels and other bio liquids for energy purposes: • GHG-emissions: > 35% better than fossil equivalent, 2017 50% existing and 60% new installations • Biodiversity: no go areas • Carbon sinks: preservation of status of areas • EU: cross compliance requirements (agriculture and nature protection) • Reporting requirements: food security and food prices, ILO, land security For waste, residues and solid biomass: • Waste and residues (not from agriculture, aquaculture, fishery, forest): only GHG-emission requirement • Solid biomass for energy: possibility of national sustainability requirements 10 June 24, 2011
- 11. Voluntary certification schemes Schemes being developed by consortia / roundtables • Bonsucro (formerly BSI, sugarcane) • ISCC • NTA 8080/8081 – www.sustainable-biomass.org • REDcert – www.redcert.org • RSB – www.rsb.epfl.ch • RSPO (palm oil) • RTRS (soy) – www.responsiblesoy.org Schemes being developed by companies • Abengoa (RED Bioenergy Sustainability Assurance) • Greenergy • French stakeholders – 2BSvs • Nesté Oil • Red Tractor • SEKAB/UNICA – sustainable ethanol initiative 11 June 24, 2011
- 12. Source of biofuels in the Netherlands 2010 • Ethanol: 39% corn, wheat 19%, sugarcane 10% • FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester/biodiesel): 53 % Used Cooking Oils • MTBE: almost 100% glycerine 12 June 24, 2011
- 13. Sustainability reporting biofuels 2010 • 64% biofuels sustainability demonstrated: mainly rapeseed, palmoil, sugar cane, wheat, corn, sugar beet • RTRS, RSPO and some national standards (Belgium, UK, US) • UCO, animal fat, glycerine used double counting verification 13 June 24, 2011
- 14. A Glance at a renewable Transport Mix in 2020 • Electric cars: 200.000 vehicles, 0,5% share in 10% target • Cars on biogas/green gas: 200.000 vehicles, > 0,5% share in 10% target • Second generation biofuels: 2,5%, double counting for a 5% share in the 10% target • Waste and residues, lignocellulosic material • Liquid and gas • First generation biofuels in 2020: 4% of 10% target • Bioreplacement for petrol and diesel • Independent auditing required • Sustainability ensured 14 June 24, 2011
- 15. Policy Developments in the Netherlands • April 2010: Duty charge minus 27% on high blends sustainable ethanol (E85) Sustainability standard: NTA 8080/8081, BSI, RTFO • Implementation of European legislation REDD and FQD • January – March 2011: Legislation has been approved by Parliament and Senate. Into force April 2011 and associated decisions and regulations published in May 2011 • Make it work in practice: operational structure for the administration of sustainable biofuels (Dutch Emission Authority/NEA) 15 June 24, 2011
- 16. Policy Developments in the Netherlands • October 2010: Consultation of the EU Commission on indirect land use change (iLUC). The Netherlands in favour of iLUC-factor and low risk iLUC biofuels • Global sustainability of biofuels/energy/biobased: dialogue with producing countries, subsidy programmes (20 Mln Euro), Global Bio Energy Partnership and roundtables • EU consultation on sustainability criteria for solid biomass for energy purposes. Netherlands in favour 16 June 24, 2011
- 17. Further Policy Perspectives • Parliament voted for: • Possibility for higher percentage of renewable energy in transport coming years and broadening obligation to shipping and air transport • Reassurance of no impacts of biomass use on primary forests • Stimulate more sustainable energy in transport (2nd generation biofuels, biogas, electricity), at least half of 10% in 2020 • Adequate enforcement of current legislation 17 June 24, 2011
- 18. Further Policy Perspectives 3 important perspectives on future policy: • Biobased Economy provides opportunities for the Dutch economic development, innovation, GHG-emission reduction and energy security • Sustainability framework is necessary for a biobased economy in order to protect natural resources, improve social situation and food security • Sustainability frameworks should be completed with ilUC, more efficient agriculture, efficient use of biomass and nature protection 18 June 24, 2011
- 19. Questions? [email protected] [email protected] 19 June 24, 2011