175760591-Concepts-in-Dental-Public-Health-Ch-1.ppt

175760591-Concepts-in-Dental-Public-Health-Ch-1.ppt

• 1.
  Concepts In DentalPublic Health Chapter 1 History and Principles of Dental Public Health
• 2.
  What Is Health? “Healthis a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” (WHO –World Health Organization)
• 3.
  What Is PublicHealth? “The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical health and efficiency through organized community efforts.” (Winslow,1920) “Public health is people’s health. It is concerned with the aggregate health of a group, a community, a state, or a nation.” (Knutson, 1955)
• 4.
  What Is DentalPublic Health? The science and art of preventing and controlling dental diseases and promoting dental health through organized community efforts. It is that form of dental practice that serves the community as a patient rather than the individual. It is concerned with dental health education of the public, with applied dental research, and with the administration of group dental care programs, as well as the prevention and control of dental diseases on a community basis. (ABDPH – American Board of Dental Public
• 5.
  Outside Groups  Healthcare provider groups  Citizen coalitions  Philanthropic organizations  Third-party payers  Schools  Faith organizations  Businesses
• 6.
  Remember!  The mostdistinctive difference between public health and private practice is the concept of the community as the patient.
• 7.
  Skills Used InDental Public Health  Assessing/diagnosing oral health needs  Planning/implementing/evaluating oral health programs  Providing educational services  Applying research  Using epidemiology  Formulating policy  Advocating  Understanding health care organization
• 8.
  Core Functions ofPublic Health  Assessment  Policy Development  Assurance
• 9.
  Assessment  Public healthagencies regularly and systematically collect, assemble, analyze, and make information available on the health of a community.
• 10.
  Policy Development  Publichealth agencies serve the public interest by promoting the use of scientific knowledge in the development of comprehensive public health policies.
• 11.
  Assurance  Public healthagencies assure their constituents that services necessary to achieve goals are provided.  These services must be made available to every member of the community.
• 12.
  The Purpose ofPublic Health  Prevent epidemics and spread of disease  Protects against environmental hazards  Prevents injuries  Promotes/encourages healthy behaviors  Responds to disasters  Assures quality and accessibility of health services
• 13.
  What Is APublic Health Problem? Two Criteria: 1. A condition or situation that is a widespread actual or potential cause of morbidity or mortality. 2. A perception by the public, government, public health authorities that the condition is a public health problem.
• 14.
  Examples of PublicHealth Problems  Bioterrorism  West Nile Virus  SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)  Auto safety  Water purification  Oral disease
• 15.
  Phases of PublicHealth  First Phase (1849-1900)  Public health dealt with elimination and control of disease b/c of rapid growth of industry and crowded and poor working conditions.
• 16.
  Phases Of PublicHealth  Second Phase (1880-1930)  Population based prevention strategies  Immunizations  Reduction of effects of diseases
• 17.
  Phases Of PublicHealth  Third Phase (1930-1975)  Treatment of disease through complex medical treatments  Infectious diseases eradicated  Cures for acute health problems
• 18.
  Phases Of PublicHealth  Fourth Phase  We are in it now!  Technology used in treatment  Longer life expectancy = more health issues  Encourage healthy lifestyle choices (not smoking)  Global issues
• 19.
  ADHA Role inPublic Health  Mission: “to improve the public’s total health.”  Early profession of dental hygiene was prepared to provide education and treatment in the community setting.
• 20.
  Public Health Achievements Vaccination  Motor vehicle safety  Workplace safety  Infectious disease control  Reduction in death from CHD and stroke  Safer and healthier food  Healthier mothers and babies  Family planning  Fluoridated drinking water  Tobacco use recognized as a health hazard
• 21.
  Healthy People 2020 Comprehensive, nationwide, health promotion and disease prevention plan  1200 (approx) objectives  42 focus areas (including dentistry)  Progress tracked by National Center for Health Statistics
• 22.
  Surgeon General’s ReportOn Oral Health  Released in May 2000  First report from Surgeon General on oral health in 50 year history  Primary message is that oral health is a part of general health and well-being of patients  States that there are profound disparities in oral health in America. (children, elderly, disabled, ethnic groups)
• 23.
  Public Health Infrastructure See textbook page 11  15 departments of government  Public health falls under Department of Health and Human Services  IMPORTANT: Global health also affects the health of the local population. (ie AIDS, and SARS)