2015 10 06_sem_pref_watanabe_chile_presentationoct2015(part2)
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This document provides examples of precast and prestressed concrete structures including: 1. A design example of the connection between a precast half beam unit and a cast-in-place floor slab involving shear design. 2. An example of a 38-story precast reinforced concrete residential building constructed in 17 months using precast elements. 3. An example of a 5-story precast reinforced concrete warehouse building that includes base isolation. 4. An example of an 8-story precast prestressed concrete office building in Hokkaido with seismic energy dissipation provided by column hinges, oil dampers, and ultra-low yield steel coupling beams.
2015 10 06_sem_pref_watanabe_chile_presentationoct2015(part2)
- 1. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 5. Design Example of Precast Connection 6. Example of Precast Reinforced Concrete Building 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building 8. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Stadium 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake Resume In Japan, catfish is being handed down to cause earthquakes 44
- 2. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 5. Design Example of Precast Connection Design of the interface between half-precast beam unit and cast-in-situ floor slab for shear Design for shear under service load condition Design for shear at ultimate limit state for seismic loading Roughened concrete surface for better shear resistance (5 mm roughness) Half precast beam unit with protruded stirrups 45
- 3. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 5. Design Example of Precast Connection Cast-in-place concrete 4-D32 bars 70 mm Precast half beam unit 4-D32 bars b=500 mm 80 mm 520 mm 250 mm D=800 mm 80 mm x B=2100 mm G 5 mm roughness D+L=242+113=355 kNm 355 kNm D+L=95+48=143kNm1450l mmΔ = 213 kN 213 kN Moment diagragm Shear force diagragm 138 kN 564 kN Moment diagragm Shear force diagragm 2200l mmΔ = 1444 kNm 1100 kNm Clear beam length 7250 mm Searvice load condition Ultimate limit state for seismic load condition Concrete strength Precast unit Cast-in-situ ' 24cf MPa= Longitudinal reinforcement D32 bar Nomical yield strength Over strength 1.25yo yσ σ= 390y MPaσ = Stirrup 4-D13, spacing 150 mm Slab reinforcement D10 bar 295y MPaσ = 1.3yo yσ σ= Nomical yield strength Over strength Nomical yield strength 295y MPaσ = t Design of the interface between half-precast beam unit and cast-in-situ floor slab for shear Design interface Design range Design range 46
- 4. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete 3 7 10 2 213 10 7.53 10 500 4.483 10 0.716 / d y xy V S bI N mm τ × × × = = × × = 2 2 0.5 0.5 ( ) 0.5 1.0(0.00667 295 0) 0.999 / 0.716 / u s y op N mm N mm τ µ σ σ= + = × × + = > For service load condition Design shear stress (elastic theory) 0.5 times of shear friction strength (slip < 0.5mm) Part 2 - 5. Design Example of Precast Connection Design of the interface between half-precast beam unit and cast-in-situ floor Eq. 5 0.5 mm roughness 1.0µ = 47
- 5. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete 4 794 1.25 390 10 127 1.3 295 2035000 T N Δ = × × × + × × × = 2 2 /( ) 2035000/(500 2200) 1.85 / 2.00 / xy T b l N mm N mm τ = Δ Δ = × = < Tension force change 2 ( ) 1.0(0.00667 295 0) 2.00 / u s y op N mm τ µ σ σ= + = × + = Design shear stress Shear friction strength For ultimate limit state under earthquake load Over strength factor of Re-bar Yield strength Part 2 - 5. Design Example of Precast Connection Design of the interface between half-precast beam unit and cast-in-situ floor (5) 48
- 6. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Wall-beam unit Columnunit ColumnunitColumnunit ColumnunitColumnunit 8 shear keys =length of a shear key at its bottom (200mm) =width of a shear key (150mm) ix iw345y MPaσ = Beam reinforcement 8 D25 bars + Slab bars 10 D13 bars 295y MPaσ = Wall-beam unit Vertical reinforcement 22 D25 bars D25 bar Horizontal reinforcement 28 D13 bars D13 bar Concrete ' 36cf MPa= 11500wl mm= Design moment, shear and wall axial force for lateral seismic load 75220dM kNm= 92850dM kNm= 111500dM kNm= 2900wh mm= 2900wh mm= 2900wh mm= 6430dhV kN= 6080dhV kN= 5660dhV kN= 2309dN kN= 58810dM kNm= Horizontal joint Vertical joint Part 2 - 5. Design Example of Precast Connection Design of precast wall system Structural analysis is conducted as a monolithic construction 49
- 7. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete whV whV wh wh wh wl w wh w h V l wl uT ccV (a) Truss mechanism and induced force to horizontal bars (b) Interstory arch mechanism Compression stress field Horizontal shear Vwh is resisted by shear friction Compressive force of arch is pull back by beam bars, a part of wall horizontal bars and slab bars Horizontal component of concrete compression is sustained by wall horizontal reinforcement Part 2 - 5. Design Example of Precast Connection Assumed shear transfer mechanism Lateral shear force carried by Truss Mechanism Lateral shear force carried by Arch Mechanism 50
- 8. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete min( , )uh wh arch cc ctV V V V V= + + =shear strength of horizontal joint (wall and column bottom) =shear strength provided by wall bottom interface =shear transferred by inter-story arch action =shear strength of compression column at the bottom of compression arch strut =shear strength of tension column ccV archV whV uhV ctV Part 2 - 5. Design Example of Precast Connection Assumed shear transfer mechanism (12) 51
- 9. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete ( ) 0.6(11154 345 2309000) 3694000 wh v y dV a N N µ σ= + = × + = ∑ 4056 345 (1270 3556) 295 3694 (2990/11500) 1891000 w arch h y wh w h V a V l N σ= − = × + + × − × = ∑ min( , ) 3694 min(1891,3080) 1063 6648 6430 uh wh arch cc ctV V V V V kN kN = + + = + + = > Shear strength at wall bottom interface Possible lateral shear by arch mechanism Total sectional area of wall vertical reinforcement Wall axial force Total sectional area of horizontal reinforcement (Wall, Beam and Slab) Necessary horizontal force for truss mechanism (From equilibrium of a wall panel for shear) Shear strength at horizontal joint Design lateral shear at horizontal joint Part 2 - 5. Design Example of Precast Connection (13) (14) (12) 52
- 10. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete dv e gV V V= + 111500 58810 2.9 1527 3 2.9 11.5 w e w hM V kN h l Δ − = = × = Δ × 1527 260 1787dv e gV V V kN= + = + = joint shear due to wall vertical load taken as 260 kN considered wall height, in this example it was taken as three stories { } ' 1 1 0.1 0.1 36 200 150 8 4056 345 (1270 3556) 295 3687 1787 n m u c i i j y i j V f w x a kN kN σ = = = + = × × × × + × + + × = > ∑ ∑ joint shear due to lateral seismic loadDesign shear moment change along a wall height hΔ Shear strength of joint with keys and joint re-bar (Proposal of Dr. Mochizuki) Design shear for vertical joint Part 2 - 5. Design Example of Precast Connection (11) (15) (16) 53
- 11. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 6. Example of Precast Reinforced Concrete Building 38 storied condominium building, Building height 130.7m Courtesy of Dr. Masaru Teraoka at Fujita Corporation Building A 54
- 12. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 6. Example of Precast Reinforced Concrete Building 38 storied condominium building, Building height 130.7m Assembling of beam and column units Casting concreteCast-in-situ construction Floor Concreting Beam erection Column erection Erection of balcony element Placing precast floor units Assembling of precast floor and balcony units Construction period of skeleton frame 17 months (max. 5 days/floor) Building A 55
- 13. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 6. Example of Precast Reinforced Concrete Building 38 storied condominium building, Building height 130.7m Building A 56
- 14. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 6. Example of Precast Reinforced Concrete Building 38 storied condominium building, Building height 130.7m Building A 57
- 15. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 6. Example of Precast Reinforced Concrete Building Base isolated 5 storied warehouse Base isolation Short Grout injection Mechanical anchor Lap splice Bottom bar of beam Support steel angle Hole for beam longitudinal bar PCa柱 Half precast beam unit Building B 58
- 16. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Column base Erection of column 1 Set of steel angle for beam support Erection of beam 1 Part 2 - 6. Example of Precast Reinforced Concrete Building Base isolated 5 storied warehouse Erection of column 2 Erection of beam 2 Building B 59
- 17. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete 17 横河電機相模原事業所新築工事 Part 2 - 6. Example of Precast Reinforced Concrete Building Base isolated 5 storied warehouse Building B 60
- 18. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building 8 story Office Building Total height: 34.57 m Total floor area: 6970 m2 Construction period: 11 months Courtesy of Dr. Tsutomu Komuro at Taisei Corporation Building E 8 story office building in Hokkaido 61
- 19. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Building E AHUEPS AHUEPS WC PS DS 18,600 39,600 ATRIUM OFFICE MM OFFICE OFFICE OFFICE OFFICE OFFICE CRINIC・ESTHETIC RESTAURANT APAREL SHOP MECHANICAL PARKING LOT EV HALL MDF ROOM ATRIUM 4100 100 47004600390039003900390039003900 34500 G.L. 1800 Office area Shopping area Beam * Precast beam unit prestressed by ordinary high strength deformed bar Nominal yield strength 685 MPa 8 story office building in Hokkaido 62
- 20. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Before casting concrete (Pretension bed) Yield strength of re-bar 685 MPa After the release of prestressing force Erection of floor beam units After completion Building E 8 story office building in Hokkaido 63
- 21. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Viscous damping of wall columns 3% Total input energy during a design Earthquake 364087kNcm Ultralowyieldstrengthsteelcouplingbeam Oil damper Dissipated energy by column hinge Dissipated energy by oil damper 73%Dissipated energy By steel coupling beams 15% 9% Building E8 story office building in Hokkaido 64
- 22. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Precast Prestressed Concrete Moment Frame with Base Isolation System (Apartment) Courtesy of Kajima Corporation Building C 65
- 23. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Laminated rubber Deformation at major earthquake Response of base Isolated building Response of ordinary building Response story shear Response story shear >> Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Tension due to Overturning moment Ground motion Ground motion Precast Prestressed Concrete Moment Frame with Base Isolation System (Apartment) Building C 66
- 24. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Precast Prestressed Concrete Moment Frame with Base Isolation System (Apartment) Building C 67
- 25. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Precast Prestressed Concrete Moment Frame with Base Isolation System (Apartment) Building C 68
- 26. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Climbing up of the crane system One cycle is for two floors and takes 9 day Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Building C 69
- 27. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Building C Precast Prestressed Concrete Moment Frame with Base Isolation System (Apartment) 70
- 28. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Building C Precast Prestressed Concrete Moment Frame with Base Isolation System (Apartment) 71
- 29. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Building D Precast Prestressed Concrete Moment Frame (Kyoto University Campus) 72
- 30. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Precast Prestressed Concrete Moment Frame (Kyoto University Campus) Post-tensioned precast floor unit with V groove for piping Pre-tensioned precast floor unit 12.2m 12.2m 8m 3.6m Post-tensioned precast column unit Post-tensioned precast beam unit Post-tensioned precast beam unit Building D 73
- 31. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Precast Prestressed Concrete Moment Frame (Kyoto University Campus) Building D 74
- 32. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Precast Prestressed Concrete Moment Frame (Kyoto University Campus) Building D 75
- 33. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 7. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Stadium Soccer stadium in Osaka (seating capacity of 40000) Main stand Back stand Away stand Home stand Building F 76
- 34. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete 10m 30m 33m Roof Seismically isolated roof structure Pile Prestressed concrete pile Pile top; semi-rigid connection Stand structure Beam ; PCa Column ; Cast in-site Footing; PCa Grade Beam; PCa Seismic isolator Soccer stadium in Osaka (seating capacity of 40000) Building F Part 2 - 8. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Stadium 77
- 35. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Soccer stadium in Osaka (seating capacity of 40000) PPC beam PPC beam Part 2 - 8. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Stadium 78 Building F
- 36. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Inclined partially prestressed concrete beams for seats Stadium corner Parallel middle part of Stadium Soccer stadium in Osaka (seating capacity of 40000) Part 2 - 8. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Stadium 79 Building F
- 37. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Soccer stadium in Osaka (seating capacity of 40000) Part 2 - 8. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Stadium 80 Building F
- 38. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 8. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Stadium Nagano winter Olympic stadium (1998) Building G 80-1
- 39. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 8. Example of Precast Prestressed Concrete Stadium Flower Petal Flower Petiole Steel floor beam Spectators seat Flower Petal Nagano winter Olympic stadium (1998) 80-2 Building G
- 40. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Extra Precast Prestressed Concrete Wind Tower Mr. MAEDA, Takashi Daiwa CorporationRendering by Ai YAMADA WATANABE, Fumio Professor Emeritus, Kyoto University Executive Technical Advisor of Takenaka Mr. OHTA, Yoshihiro Takenaka Corporation Miss TSUMURA , Chikako Takenaka Corporation Miss YAMADA , Ai Takenaka Corporation Prof. NISHIYAMA , Minehiro Kyoto University Prof. KONO, Susumu Tokyo Institute of Technology Rendering by YAMADA, AiRendering by Ai YAMADA Precast Concrete Wind Turbine Tower assembled by Spiral Prestressing System Basic Research is going on 81
- 41. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake Damage during the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake Damage due to ground motion 81-1 Acc. Spectrum in Fukushima Prefecture 500 1000 pSa(cm/s/s) 1500 2000 2500 Aizu-Wakamatsu FKS023 Nihon-Matsu FKS019 Souma FKS001 Yanagawa FKS002 Furudono FKS002 Iidate FKS004 Fukushima FKS003 Period (s) Epicenter 2011, March 11 14:46 pm Mw=9.0
- 42. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake Damage during the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake Damage due to ground motion Damage to soft first story Damage at intermediate story Shear failure of columns with poor lateral reinforcement 82
- 43. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Damage during the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake Damage due to ground motion Sukagawa city hall building Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake 83
- 44. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake Prestressed concrete industrial building 84 Damage during the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake Damage due to ground motion
- 45. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake Prestressed concrete industrial building 85 Damage during the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake Damage due to ground motion
- 46. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake Falling down of glass window and ceiling 86 Damage during the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake Damage due to ground motion
- 47. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Height (m) 0 10 20 30 40 Measured Data From Homepage of Building Research Institute, Japan Max. Run-up height：40m Average Run-up height：20m Average Tsunami Height：10m Inundation height： 10m-height of soil surface Run-up height Tsunami height Height of Tsunami Run-up height Inundation height High water mark Tide Level Tide gage station Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake 87 Damage due to Tsunami http://www.coastal.jp/ttjt/
- 48. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake Difference between Tsunami and Normal wave Normal wave Tsunami Courtesy of Dr. Inoue at Takenaka Corporation
- 49. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake Damage due to Tsunami Minamisannriku in Miyagi Prefecture 87-1
- 50. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete 宮城県女川町 June 5, 2011 Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake Damage due to Tsunami 87-2 Onagawa in Miyagi Prefecture
- 51. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Damage during the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake Damage due to tsunami Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake 70m 87-3 Onagawa in Miyagi Prefecture Onagawa in Miyagi Prefecture
- 52. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete 4階建てRC建物が流される (4m x 4.5m x 12m) Damage during the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake Damage due to tsunami Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake 87-4 Pile foundation: Pull out and Fracture Onagawa in Miyagi Prefecture
- 53. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Damage during the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake Damage due to tsunami Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake 88 Onagawa in Miyagi Prefecture Fracture of anchor bolts due to water pressure and buoyancy
- 54. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Damage during the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake Damage due to tsunami Part 2 - 9. Structural Damage in Past Earthquake 残っているＳＣＳ版 合計 6枚 Neighboring building Remained only one precast prestressed roof slab 89 Onagawa in Miyagi Prefecture
- 55. ReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcreteReinforcedconcretePrecastandprestressedconcrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete Precast and prestressed concrete Reinforced concrete I would express my hearty sympathy to the Chilean people who suffered the heavy losses during the great earthquake on September 16. Thank you for your attention CHILE JAPAN 1.76 million < 127 million 756000 km2 > 378000 km2 20000 km