27-2 Milestone ThreeDestiny NanceSouthern New Hamp.docx
- 1. 2 7-2 Milestone Three Destiny Nance Southern New Hampshire University CJ 500 October 3rd, 2022 6-2 Legal Policy Short Paper Police brutality is a going concern even in the current adage of civilization. The use of force has been the go-to option for the longest time due to its efficacy in establishing order, but it is not without its consequences. Many individuals have suffered the atrocities of the police. At some point, particular races appeared to be more targeted by such brutality, making it an even more pressing social concern matter. It is thus vital that an amicable solution is proposed, one that would be sustainable in years to come. Research demonstrates a lot of mistrust between the public and law enforcers. A matter that intrinsically breeds resistance (Ehrenfeld & Harris, 2020). Hence my proposed solution to this problem is for the police department to adopt a 'hands-off policy. This is especially vital for the foot police who do the actual chasing and arresting. Adopting the approach will mean that the officers explain to the suspect reason for arrest and its importance in achieving law and order rather than using force with little explanation. However, this approach depends on the fact that the citizens are reasonable, which may not be true among actual criminals. Applying a hands-off policy to curb crime will likely reduce
- 2. police brutality significantly. Police officers who use brutality inherently conclude a particular individual has done a particular crime and is likely to resist arrest. However, it is more often not the case. In instances where an actual crime has been committed, the suspects are still entitled to give their perspectives and have their dignity as humans upheld (Ehrenfeld & Harris, 2020). Thus, this approach would mean misunderstandings between an officer and an individual are eliminated. Besides, it guarantees fair treatment from the time of arrest; therefore, one is less likely to resist. On the contrary, using force suggests oppression and victimization, which only scales up the brutality. Therefore, exploring ways to make such interventions feasible is essential. A couple of actions must encourage a buy-in attitude regarding the hands-off policy. The first one is to do public desensitization. The bad publicity already out there creates a general assumption that the police force is to be feared (Schwartz, 2020). Rather, the view should be that of a complementary unit of society just like any other. The public should be aware of the new measures taken and encourage them to be willing to talk to the officers should they encounter them. The second action is to change the officers' training which inculcates a sense of superiority over the civilians. Law enforcers should be educated to teach the law and pride in breeding fear and anxiety among civilians. Implanting these two goals creates a path for a less brutal police department. A hands-off policy must be made sustainable to reap its maximum benefits. Thus, the curriculum of the police training should be adjusted to make more room for psychological training that enhances their interactive social skills. Whereas the officers are bound to meet hardcore criminals, most of the time, it would be the regular citizens (Schwartz, 2020). Thus, a significant proportion of the training should be targeted to caring for this part of the population rather than the few
- 3. mastermind criminals. Several parameters would demonstrate the success of the policy. Key among them is monitoring the incidences of violence between officers and the public during arrests which is expected to decrease. The second pointer is a regular opinion poll regarding the subject matter with an expected improvement in public trust, as demonstrated by positive reviews (Schwartz, 2020). Having these parameters in mind will ensure that regular updates are made in the interest of the public as well as ease the work of the police. References Ehrenfeld, J. M., & Harris, P. A. (2020). Police brutality must stop. American Medical Association, 29. https://www.ama-assn.org/about/leadership/police- brutality-must-stop? Schwartz S. A. (2020). Police brutality and racism in America. Explore (New York, N.Y.), 16(5), 280–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2020.06.010 Week 3 Assignment Our Blind Spot about Guns Article by Nicholas Kristof Analysis Joselyne Sanchez
- 4. Keiser University Lowrie Fawley English Composition I ENC 1101 October 15, 2022 Our Blind Spot about Guns Article by Nicholas Kristof Analysis Gun regulation is perhaps one of the most controversial issues in America today. A section of Americans supports regulations, while others oppose them. Recently, there has been a rise in gun-related deaths attributed mainly to the mass shootings that have been on the rise. In his article, Our blindspot about Guns, Kristof ( 2014) argues that guns, just like cars, should be regulated as this will reduce gun- related deaths by a third. Kristof (2014) argues that guns, like vehicles, need to be regulated in his article. He further states that since cars have been regulated, the number of deaths linked to cars has dramatically reduced. He argues that if cars meant for transportation can be regulated, how about guns used primarily to kill? He adds that gun related deaths have significantly increased in the past years. He argues that when the question of gun regulation is brought up, people are quick to justify how cars kill people, and the same cars are not confiscated after that. This, he argues, shows how people have a blind spot for gun regulation in America. Kristof argues that regulating guns may not prevent people from killing, but it will reduce the number of deaths caused by guns every year. In a nutshell, Kristof argues that gun restrictions and regulations should be increased, just like cars, to reduce the number of deaths caused by guns.
- 5. Kristof (2014) uses comparison and contrasting strategies in his writing. He compares car regulations to gun regulations. He argues that fatality rates have been reduced by 95 percent due to car regulations. He then argues that the same margin would reduce gun-related deaths if guns were regulated like cars. By comparing and contrasting Kristof's measures and strict regulations on cars have reduced car-related deaths by a considerable margin, Kristof proves that when the same is done on guns, the same effect will be achieved. Another strategy used by Kristof uses cause and effect. He argues that the lack of regulations on gun usage has led to increased gun-related deaths. Therefore guns should be restricted and regulated. Kristof’s writing strategies are very effective. The compare and contrasting strategy are effective because it gives the reader a clear picture of what would happen if guns were regulated. To do this, Kristof gives the statistics of car-related deaths in the 1920s, which by 2014 would have translated to 715,000 deaths. He points out that car deaths have been reduced by more than 95%. Kristof's use of such raw data gives the reader a more precise picture than generic words such as 'many' or 'a lot.' He then argues that 10,000 deaths would be saved each year if guns were regulated. The combination of compare and contrast strategy and statistics is more effective and convincing than if the author had just given reasons why guns should be regulated. I agree with Kristof’s argument that gun use should be regulated in America. It makes no sense that cars used primarily for transport are regulated, yet guns for killing are not regulated. ( "Regulate Guns for Safety." 2014) In recent years, gun deaths have increased because guns are in the hands of the wrong people. Mass shootings in schools and public places are just an example of how guns are in the hands of the wrong people and this needs to be addressed. According to Greene-Collozzi and Silva (2022), approximately 634 firearms were used in 348 mass shootings between 1966-2018. The sheer number of guns used in these mass shootings supports my argument that insufficient gun regulation in America has led to increased mass shootings
- 6. in the recent past. In this study, Greene-Collozzi and Silva(2022) examine the guns used in the 348 mass shootings. They examined the type and number of guns used, the legality and attainment strategies, the regulations in place at the time of the shootings, the impact of these shootings on gun regulations and lastly, the impact of these regulations on the casualties. They found out that single handguns were mainly used during mass shootings, though, in some shootings, two to three firearms were used. Secondly, they also established that 70% of the guns used were legally obtained. Lastly, they also established that the existing gun regulations at the time of these mass shootings had little effect on the mass shootings. Only purchasing permits significantly affected the casualties. States which had purchasing permits and registration limits recorded fewer mass shootings. Evidence from this study shows that the majority of gun regulations as they are do little to prevent mass shootings and gun-related violence. These regulations are either ineffective or too few to effect any change. It means that more purchasing permits and registration limits should be implemented throughout the states if any change is to be observed. In his article, Kristof's target audience is the government. The government and, more specifically, congress are responsible for implementing laws that regulate the purchase, ownership and use of guns. Kristof (2014) poses a question at the end of the article asking why politicians can't be reasonable when dealing with guns as they were when regulating cars. One argument that is often used against gun control and regulation is that gun regulations do not affect criminals but law-abiding citizens. They argue that criminals do not follow these regulations when obtaining guns, but they find ways of obtaining guns illegally. What they fail to recognize is that these criminals often obtain these guns illegally because there are a lot of guns in circulation. If the government tightened gun purchase and registration regulations, fewer guns would be in circulation, making it even harder for criminals to access them.
- 7. Secondly, not only criminals kill using guns; even law-abiding citizens sometimes kill. Homicide cases are on the rise, and many of those cases are people with no criminal record. Guns should be regulated even if it does not affect the acquisition of guns by criminals. In conclusion, Kristof (2014) argues that guns should be regulated like cars. The regulations will help reduce gun-related deaths by a third. In addition, mass shootings and homicide cases will reduce if purchase licenses are required for guns and if the number of registrations per month is reduced. Reference Page Greene-Colozzi, E. A., & Silva, J. R. (2022). Contextualizing firearms in mass shooting incidents: A study of guns, regulations, and outcomes. Justice Quarterly, 39(4), 697-721. Nicholas Kristof, (July 30, 2014). Our Blind Spot About Guns: retrieved from: https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/31/opinion/nicholas-
- 8. kristof-our-blind-spot-about-guns.html ‘Regulate Guns for Safety." New York Times, August 5, 2014, p. A20(L). Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A377335269/OVIC?u=lirn99776&sid=b ookmark-OVIC&xid=723e896d. Accessed October 13, 2022. Week 4 Reflective Learning is an ongoing process. We learn by studying, by creating, and by reflecting on what we have done. In this final essay, you will consider what you have learned in this class, and specifically, what skills you gained in creating the Week Three essay. In 1-2 pages, answer the following questions. · Paragraph 1 - What did you do well? What strength did you recognize in your work? How can will this help you in the future? Draw on a point from your essay and feedback that you received. Refer to a portion of your reading as well. · Paragraph 2 - What area or skill do you think can be improved? How can you do better next time? Draw on a point from your essay and feedback that you received. Refer to a portion of your reading as well. · Paragraph 3 - What would you change if you had the chance to do it over? Refer to a portion of your reading. · Paragraph 4 - What challenges did you face in the research of the topic? What did you learn about the topic you selected? Were there any surprises? Did you find anything unexpected during your research? · Paragraph 5 - Share a final thought about your work. How will your experience in ENC1101 help you with writing in future classes or your career? What advice would you give to an incoming student relevant to the writing of the essay?
- 9. Requirements Answer all questions by writing 3-5 sentences for each. The final submission should be 1-2 pages long. Format your paper following APA guidelines, including a title page, double spacing, 1" margins, no extra line spacing between paragraphs. Include a reference page with your textbook(s). 4 5-2 Milestone Two: Submit Criminal Justice Issue Analysis Destiny Nance Southern New Hampshire University September 25th, 2022 Criminal Justice Issue Question A The selected criminological theory conflict theory that the dominant group can use states the mechanism and the law of its enforcement in the society to help in minimizing the threats to their interest posed by the individual whom they consider as being a threat to the society, such as the minority group like African American. Question B Various factors contribute to police brutality in America, such as the lack of effective training on how to deal with certain issues that contributes to the police officer to use of excess forces while addressing such case example while arresting an individual. There are many cases of lack of accountability and
- 10. prosecution where police have been accused of different offices; however, they are not processed or punished (Richardson et al., 2019). Therefore, making policies to get away with criminal activity such as murder. Question C Police brutality plays a vital role in engendering the lack of public trust and confidence in the law enforcement department. Police brutality also contributes to the police work is more challenging. For example, the public cannot work with the police by reporting crime cases or helping the police get important information during the investigation (Richardson et al., 2019). How does police brutality impact criminal justice. Therefore, making it hard to arrest and prosecute criminals in the community. Question D How the issues of police brutality impact the general public. Police brutality in America is considered a "public health" concern since it affects the health and well-being of the population. When people experience police brutality, they are ill and experience physical and mental stress (Alang et al., 2020). Police brutality contributes to people experiencing mental stress and also physical injuries. Police brutality sometimes contributes to the death of suspects. An example is that of George Floyd. Question F key stakeholders of the issue, identifying both the key people impacted by the issue and those with the power to influence change The key stakeholder in the issues is the police officer, community group, non-governmental organization, government officials, and survivor of police brutality. The key group that is considered to be mainly affected by police brutality is the minority group, such as the African Americans. However, the whole stakeholder can play a vital role in influencing the
- 11. change needed to address the crime if they all unite and make an effective contribution. Question G Describe strategies that are currently employed to address the issue Criminal justice has played an important role in advocating for the necessary social work camp that are found in different communities, especially in low-income communities in the United States and those close to the borders. To help address the issues of police brutality. Effective training of police officers in regard to having the necessary skill to deal with different issues that may arise while they are executing their role (Nowacki & Willits, 2018). The use of body cam has played a vital role in recording evidence that can be used in the prosecution and accountability of police officers. Question H Assess the effectiveness of the previously identified strategies in addressing the issue, justifying your assessment. Body cam has been considered to provide relevant evidence during the accountability and prosecution of officers that have been involved in cases of police brutality. Effective training has also played a vital role in providing police officers with enough knowledge needed while conducting their duty without violating the right of people (Nowacki & Willits, 2018) . Question I How does your previous assessment impact the specific branches of the criminal justice system? The assessment of police brutality has contributed to the reduction of racial disparity in the criminal justice system. Many cases of police brutality have been linked to racial disparity among minority groups such as African Americans. Since cases of racial discrimination are taken seriously, such as the example of George Floyd, all the law officers involved in the case were prosecuted within a short time. It has also
- 12. contributed to police accountability since reported cases are investigated and the law, and if they are found guilty of police brutality, the individual involved are prosecuted. Reference Alang, S., McAlpine, D. D., & Hardeman, R. (2020). Police brutality and mistrust in medical institutions. Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 7(4), 760-768. Nowacki, J. S., & Willits, D. (2018). Adoption of body cameras by United States police agencies: an organizational analysis. Policing and Society, 28(7), 841-853. Richardson, R., Schultz, J. M., & Crawford, K. (2019). Dirty data, bad predictions: How civil rights violations impact police data, predictive policing systems, and justice. NYUL Rev. Online, 94, 15. ISSUES 2
- 13. 3-2 Milestone One: Submit Selection of Contemporary Criminal Justice Issue Destiny Nance ISSUES 2 Southern New Hampshire University In every other nation, the criminal justice system plays a very huge role in delivering justice and punishing those who break the law. However, all around the globe, there are several issues that almost every other justice system is struggling to deal with. One of the most common issues that are being dealt with is the issue of inordinate/ excessive use of force by law enforcement. In the least technical terms possible, the use of excessive force can be defined as the use of too much force by the police when dealing with people. In most cases, the use of this excess force may end up harming the same people that the police forces are initially supposed to protect. Even though police forces are punishable by the courts of law for use of excessive force, the issue remains one of the major issues that affect the criminal system to date. (Hargreaves‐Heap, 2002). In the modern day, people tend to think that excessive use of force by police officers is an issue of the past and one that no one should talk about. However, this is not all true as discrimination has not ended but has only evolved. In the old days, policemen mainly used excessive force on people of color or even slaves who at that time did not have rights that could make the officers be punished for doing this. However, in the modern days, the issue has evolved all over the globe, there have been cases where policemen have used excessive force on their subjects regardless of their color. One of the things that have made the issue keep changing is the advancement of technology where police officers are expected to wear body cams that will monitor all their actions while on duty. different
- 14. amendments that have been made to the constitution with the main aim of empowering people of color. For quite some time now, people have been fighting against the use of excessive force. However, I believe that recently there might have been a breakthrough all because of technology. technology has changed people's perspectives especially by showing them how brutal police officers can be when they use excessive force. For instance, in the year 2020, a man named George Floyd was murdered by a police officer due to the use of excessive force. The video of the incident went viral and people came together to protest against the issue. This was one of the biggest protests where people protested together regardless of their color, culture, and even location (Hutson, 2009). References Ajilore, O., & Shirey, S. (2017). Do# AllLivesMatter? An evaluation of race and excessive use of force by police. Atlantic Economic Journal, 45(2), 201-212. Hutson, H. R., Anglin, D., Rice, P., Kyriacou, D. N., Guirguis, M., & Strote, J. (2009). Excessive use of force by police: a
- 15. survey of academic emergency physicians. Emergency Medicine Journal, 26(1), 20-22. CJ 500 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric Overview For your final project, you will analyze a contemporary issue in criminal justice and provide an evidence-based recommendation to address the issue, selecting an issue of interest on which to focus your brief. You will analyze how the issue has evolved, apply criminological theories to identify causes of the issue, assess the impact of the issue on the community, and propose strategies to address the issue.
- 16. Professionals in the field of criminal justice are often faced with making difficult decisions related to critical issues in their field. Those that are able to effectively take action to address these issues are seen as leaders in the field. To effectively form conclusions and recommend appropriate action, it is essential that professionals first analyze the background of the issue. Professionals must understand the history of the issue, the contributing factors, and the impact of the issue on the various individuals and groups involved, all through conducting research and applying criminological theories. This information will then inform data- driven recommendations to effectively address the issue. While the scale of these recommendations may vary (as some resolutions may be immediate while others are complete cultural changes), the solutions will all be rooted in data, and the success of results will be continuously monitored. In this assignment, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following course outcomes: for their impact on society issues and core criminological theories for identifying factors that contribute to the issues institutions, individuals, and the ability of key stakeholders to influence change
- 17. agencies in the delivery of criminal justice services -based strategies to address contemporary issues impacting the delivery of criminal justice services The project is divided into three milestones, which will be submitted at various points throughout the course to scaffold learning and ensure quality final submissions. These milestones will be submitted in Modules Three, Five, and Seven. The final case analysis will be submitted in Module Nine. Prompt For this project, you will play the part of a team leader working in a criminal justice agency. You have been asked by the senior leadership to assist with addressing an issue that is negatively impacting the delivery of criminal justice services. You have been asked to write a brief providing an evidence-based recommendation to address the issue, while also detailing your research, which will then inform the solution that the senior leadership will present to the mayor.
- 18. You will select a contemporary issue that is negatively impacting the delivery of criminal justice services to be the focus of your brief, and then research the history of the issue, select a solution, and propose strategies for implementing the solution. Although you may choose your own topic, you may not choose public policy. Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed: I. Introduction A. Describe the criminal justice issue you have selected. Specifically, how is this an issue in the field of criminal justice, what is the general impact of the issue on society, and why does the problem need to be addressed? B. Describe the evolution of the selected issue throughout history, providing specific examples. In other words, how did this become an issue? What factors have caused the issue to evolve? For example, a regulation may have been created in the past to address an issue, but the regulation is now irrelevant. C. Describe the evolution of the historical perception of this
- 19. issue, identifying key events and factors that influenced the public perception. For example, did the public always view the topic as an issue? How has technology impacted public perception? II. Issue Analysis A. Select a criminological theory that informs your understanding of the issue, justifying your selection. B. Identify factors contributing to the issue, justifying your identifications with the selected criminological theory. In other words, what are the factors contributing to the issue? How is the identification of these factors supported by the selected theory? C. Describe how the issue impacts the criminal justice system, providing specific examples of how the branches of the criminal justice system are affected by the issue. For example, how does the issue impact law enforcement, the courts, and corrections? D. Describe how the issue impacts the general public, providing specific examples. Does the issue affect specific populations? E. Determine the key stakeholders of the issue, identifying both the key people impacted by the issue and those with the power to influence change. Justify your selections. F. Describe strategies that are currently employed to address the issue. These strategies may be used in the community with the issue, or in a different community with the same issue. G. Assess the effectiveness of the previously identified strategies in addressing the issue, justifying your assessment. How effectively do the
- 20. strategies combat the issue, and where are there gaps? H. How does your previous assessment impact the specific branches of the criminal justice system? Justify your response. In which branches are the strategies most and least effective? III. Recommendations A. Propose a solution to address the issue in criminal justice, justifying your proposal with your previous research. In your justification, you may consider the complexity of the solution, the possible adverse effects, and the feasibility of the solution in terms of time and resources. B. Apply criminological theory to justify how your proposed solution will address the underlying causes of the issue. C. Outline the immediate actions that will need to be taken to implement the solution, justifying the necessity and feasibility of these actions with evidence. Consider how you will create buy-in among invested parties. D. Outline the long-term actions that will need to be taken to implement the solution, justifying the necessity and feasibility of these actions with evidence. Consider how you will create buy-in among invested parties.
- 21. E. Determine the types of data necessary to assess whether or not your solution is successful in addressing the issue, justifying your determinations. How will you measure your success of the solution? Milestones Milestone One: Selection of Contemporary Criminal Justice Issue In Module Three, you will select a contemporary issue that is negatively impacting the delivery of criminal justice—one that will be the focus of your final case analysis and recommendation brief. In this draft, you will demonstrate your understanding of the issue and its history, evolution, and development. You will need to focus on past and future criminological theories and policies behind these issue. Given your analysis of the issue, discuss the impact on society and what problems need to be addressed to remedy the negative ramifications. This milestone must be formatted according to APA style. Cite your sources within the text
- 22. of your paper and on the reference page. This milestone will be graded with the Milestone One Rubric. Milestone Two: Criminal Justice Issue Analysis In Module Five, you will submit your in-depth analysis on the contemporary criminal justice issue that you have selected. This analysis will identify factors contributing to the issue by examining the criminological theories behind the issue. Specifically, what criminological theory forms your understanding of the issue? Indicate the impact of this issue on the criminal justice system. For example, how does the issue impact law enforcement, the courts, and corrections? Address the negative impacts of the issue on the criminal justice system, general public, and specific populations. Then, identify strategies to influence change. Be sure to cite any data you have analyzed so far; you will rely upon this data to provide recommendations to your criminal justice issue in both the Module Six Short Paper and your Milestone Three submission in Module Seven. This milestone must be formatted according to APA style. Cite your sources within the text of your paper and on the reference page. This milestone will be graded with the Milestone Two Rubric. Milestone Three: Preliminary Recommendations to the Mayor In Module Seven, you will submit a draft of your preliminary recommendations to the mayor based on your criminal justice issue selection and analysis. These recommendations will inform the mayor and other senior leadership about a course of action to solve the issue you selected. Based entirely on your research and the analysis you provided in Milestone Two, propose a strategy to implement a solution to the issue. Assess the strategy's potential for success, but also identify possible hurdles and obstacles to the implementation of the
- 23. recommendations you have proposed. This milestone must be formatted according to APA style. Cite your sources within the text of your paper and on the reference page. Instructor feedback to this milestone should be applied to the final project, due in Module Nine. This milestone will be graded with the Milestone Three Rubric. Final Submission: Final Issue Analysis and Recommendation Brief In Module Nine, you will submit your final issue analysis and recommendation brief. It should be a complete, polished artifact containing all of the critical elements of the final product. It should reflect the incorporation of feedback gained throughout the course. All of the components of the final project will be used for your portfolio. This submission will be graded with the Final Project Rubric.
- 24. Deliverables Milestone Deliverable Module Due Grading One Introduction: Selection of Contemporary Criminal Justice Issue Three Graded separately; Milestone One Rubric Two Criminal Justice Issue Analysis Five Graded separately; Milestone Two Rubric Three Preliminary Recommendations to the Mayor Seven Graded separately; Milestone Three Rubric Final Submission: Final Case Analysis Nine Graded separately; Final Project Rubric Final Project Rubric Guidelines for Submission: Your submission must include reference to recent peer-reviewed articles, be 5–7 pages in length (in addition to the title page and references) and must adhere to standard formatting (Times New Roman, 12 point font, one-inch margins), using the most recent version of the APA style manual for the citations. Critical Elements Exemplary (100%) Proficient (90%) Needs Improvement (70%) Not Evident (0%) Value
- 25. Introduction: Issue Meets “Proficient” criteria and response is especially clear and detailed Describes the criminal justice issue, providing specifics around how it is an issue in the field, the general impact on society, and why the problem needs to be addressed Describes the criminal justice issue, describing how it is an issue in the field, the general impact on society, and why the problem needs to be addressed, but with gaps in detail, specificity, or accuracy Does not describe the criminal justice issue 6.4 Introduction: Evolution of the Issue Meets “Proficient” criteria and demonstrates keen insight into the evolution of the selected issue throughout history Describes the evolution of the selected issue throughout history, providing specific examples
- 26. Describes the evolution of the selected issue throughout history, but with gaps in examples, detail, or accuracy Does not describe the evolution of the selected issue throughout history 6.4 Introduction: Evolution of Perception Meets “Proficient” criteria and demonstrates keen insight into the evolution of historical perception of the issue Describes the evolution of historical perception of the issue, identifying key events and factors that influenced the public perception Describes the evolution of historical perception of the issue, but with gaps in identification of key events and factors that influenced the public perception, detail, or accuracy Does not describe the evolution of historical perception of the issue
- 27. 6.4
- 29. Issue Analysis: Select Theory Meets “Proficient” criteria and demonstrates keen insight into the selection of relevant criminological theories to inform understanding of issues Selects a criminological theory that informs the understanding of the issue, justifying selection Selects a criminological theory that informs the understanding of the issue, but with gaps in detail, accuracy, or justification Does not select a criminological theory that informs the understanding of the issue 6.4
- 30. Issue Analysis: Factors Contributing to the Issue Meets “Proficient” criteria and demonstrates keen insight into the application of criminological theory to identify causes of issues Identifies factors contributing to the issue, justifying identifications with the selected criminological theory Identifies factors contributing to the issue, but with gaps in detail, logic, justification, or appropriate application of criminological theory Does not identify factors contributing to the issue 6.4 Issue Analysis: Criminal Justice System Meets “Proficient” criteria and demonstrates keen insight into the impact of the issue on the criminal justice system Describes how the issue impacts the criminal justice system,
- 31. providing specific examples of how the branches of the criminal justice system are affected Describes how the issue impacts the criminal justice system, but with gaps in examples, detail, or accuracy Does not describe how the issue impacts the criminal justice system 6.4 Issue Analysis: General Public Meets “Proficient” criteria and demonstrates keen insight into the impact of the issue on the general public Describes how the issue impacts the general public, providing specific examples Describes how the issue impacts the general public, but with gaps in examples, detail, or accuracy Does not describe how the issue impacts the general public 6.4
- 32. Issue Analysis: Stakeholders Meets “Proficient” criteria and demonstrates keen insight into identifying the key stakeholders of the issue Determines the key stakeholders of the issue, identifying both the key people impacted, as well as those with the power to influence change, justifying selections Determines the key stakeholders of the issue, identifying both the key people impacted, as well as those with the power to influence change, but with gaps in justification, detail, or logic Does not determine the key stakeholders of the issue 6.4 Issue Analysis: Strategies Meets “Proficient” criteria and demonstrates keen insight into the strategies currently used to address the issue Describes strategies currently employed to address the issue
- 33. Describes strategies currently employed to address the issue, but with gaps in detail or accuracy Does not describe strategies currently employed to address the issue 6.4 Issue Analysis: Effectiveness Meets “Proficient” criteria and demonstrates keen insight into the strengths and weaknesses of identified strategies in addressing issues Assesses the effectiveness of identified strategies in addressing the issue, justifying assessment Assesses the effectiveness of identified strategies in addressing the issue, but with gaps in justification or logic Does not assess the effectiveness of identified strategies in addressing the issue 6.4 Issue Analysis:
- 34. Branches Meets “Proficient” criteria and demonstrates keen insight into the impact of identified strategies on the specific branches of the criminal justice system Explains how the previous assessment of strategies impacts the specific branches of the criminal justice system, justifying response Explains how the previous assessment of strategies impacts the specific branches of the criminal justice system, but with gaps in justification or logic Does not explain how the previous assessment of strategies impacts the specific branches of the criminal justice system 6.4
- 35. Recommendations: Solution Meets “Proficient” criteria and demonstrates keen insight in proposing evidence-based
- 36. strategies to address issues in criminal justice Proposes a solution to address the issue in criminal justice, justifying proposal with previous research Proposes a solution to address the issue in criminal justice, but with gaps in justification, logic, or detail Does not propose a solution to address the issue in criminal justice 4.8 Recommendations: Theory Meets “Proficient” criteria and demonstrates keen insight into the application of criminological
- 37. theory to justify proposed solutions Applies criminological theory to justify how the proposed solution will address the underlying causes of the issue Applies criminological theory to justify how the proposed solution will address the underlying causes of the issue, but with gaps in appropriate application, detail, or logic Does not apply criminological theory to justify how the proposed solution will address the underlying causes of the issue 6.4 Recommendations: Immediate Actions
- 38. Meets “Proficient” criteria and actions are especially well supported with evidence Outlines immediate actions that will need to be taken to implement the solution, justifying necessity and feasibility of actions with evidence Outlines immediate actions that will need to be taken to implement the solution, but with gaps in justification, detail, or accuracy Does not outline immediate actions that will need to be taken to implement the solution 4.8 Recommendations: Long-Term Actions
- 39. Meets “Proficient” criteria and actions are especially well supported with evidence Outlines the long-term actions that will need to be taken to implement the solution, justifying the necessity and feasibility of the actions with evidence Outlines the long-term actions that will need to be taken to implement the solution, but with gaps in justification, detail, or accuracy of outlined actions Does not outline the long-term actions that will need to be taken to implement the solution 4.8 Recommendations: Data to Assess