8- java language basics part2

LANGUAGE BASICS PART2
JAVA
BY AMR ELGHADBAN

JAVA : Language Basics Part2
Operators Precedence
postﬁx expr++ expr--
unary ++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ !
multiplicative * / %
additive + -
shift << >> >>>
relational < > <= >= instanceof
equality == !=
bitwise AND &
bitwise exclusive OR ^
bitwise inclusive OR |
logical AND &&
logical OR ||
ternary ? :
assignment = += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= >>>=

JAVA :Language Basics part2
OPERATORS
▸ Operators are special symbols that perform speciﬁc
operations on one, two, or three operands, and then return
a result.
▸ The operators in the following table are listed according to
precedence order.
▸ The closer to the top of the table an operator appears, the
higher its precedence.
▸ Operators with higher precedence are evaluated before
operators with relatively lower precedence.

OPERATORS
▸ In general-purpose programming, certain operators tend
to appear more frequently than others.
▸ for example, the assignment operator "=" is far more
common than the unsigned right shift operator ">>>".

OPERATORS
▸ The Simple Assignment Operator
▸ One of the most common operators that you'll encounter
is the simple assignment operator "=". You saw this
operator in the Bicycle class; it assigns the value on its
right to the operand on its left:
▸ int cadence = 0;
▸ int speed = 0;
▸ int gear = 1;

OPERATORS
▸ The Arithmetic Operators
▸ Java provides operators that perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and
division.
▸ The only symbol that might look new to you is "%", which divides one operand by
another and returns the remainder as its result.
Operator Description
+ Additive operator (also
- Subtraction operator
* Multiplication operator
/ Division operator
% Remainder operator

▸ class ArithmeticDemo {
▸ public static void main (String[] args) {
▸ int result = 1 + 2;
▸ // result is now 3
▸ System.out.println("1 + 2 = " + result);
▸ int original_result = result;
▸ result = result - 1;
▸ System.out.println(original_result + " - 1 = " + result);
▸ original_result = result;

▸ result = result * 2;
▸ System.out.println(original_result + " * 2 = " + result);
▸ result = result / 2;
▸ System.out.println(original_result + " / 2 = " + result);

▸ result = result + 8;
▸ System.out.println(original_result + " + 8 = " + result);
▸ result = result % 7;
▸ System.out.println(original_result + " % 7 = " + result);
▸ }
▸ }

▸ This program prints the following:
▸ 1 + 2 = 3
▸ 3 - 1 = 2
▸ 2 * 2 = 4
▸ 4 / 2 = 2
▸ 2 + 8 = 10
▸ 10 % 7 = 3

▸ You can also combine the arithmetic operators with the simple assignment operator to
create compound assignments. For example, x+=1; and x=x+1; both increment the
value of x by 1.
▸ The + operator can also be used for concatenating (joining) two strings together, as
shown in the following ConcatDemo program:
▸ class ConcatDemo {
▸ public static void main(String[] args){
▸ String ﬁrstString = "This is";
▸ String secondString = " a concatenated string.";
▸ String thirdString = ﬁrstString+secondString;
▸ System.out.println(thirdString);
▸ }
▸ }
▸ By the end of this program, the variable thirdString contains "This is a concatenated
string.", which gets printed to standard output.

OPERATORS
▸ The Arithmetic Operators
▸ Java provides operators that perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and
division.
▸ The only symbol that might look new to you is "%", which divides one operand by
another and returns the remainder as its result.
Operator Description
+ Unary plus operator indicates positive value
(numbers are positive without this,- Unary minus operator negates an expression
++ Increment operator, increments a value by 1
- - Decrement operator, decrements a value by 1
! Logical complement operator, inverts the

▸ class UnaryDemo {
▸ public static void main(String[] args) {
▸ int result = +1;
▸ System.out.println(result); // result is now 1
▸ result--;
▸ result++;
▸ result = -result;
▸ System.out.println(result); // result is now -1
▸ boolean success = false;
▸ System.out.println(success); // false
▸ System.out.println(!success); // true } }

▸ The increment/decrement operators can be applied
before (prefix) or after (postfix) the operand.
▸ The code result++ and ++result will both end in result
being incremented by one.
▸ The only difference is that the prefix version (++result)
evaluates to the incremented value, whereas the postfix
version (result++) evaluates to the original value.
▸ If you are just performing a simple increment/decrement,
it doesn't really matter which version you choose.
▸ But if you use this operator in part of a larger expression,
the one that you choose may make a significant difference.

▸ The following program, PrePostDemo, illustrates the preﬁx/postﬁx unary increment
operator:
▸ class PrePostDemo {
▸ int i = 3;
▸ i++;
▸ System.out.println(i); // prints 4
▸ ++i;
▸ System.out.println(++i); // prints 6
▸ System.out.println(i++); // prints 6
▸ }
▸ }

▸ The Equality and Relational Operators
▸ The equality and relational operators determine if one operand is
greater than, less than, equal to, or not equal to another operand.
The majority of these operators will probably look familiar to you as
well. Keep in mind that you must use "==", not "=", when testing if
two primitive values are equal.
▸ == equal to
▸ != not equal to
▸ > greater than
▸ >= greater than or equal to
▸ < less than
▸ <= less than or equal to

▸ class ComparisonDemo {
▸ int value1 = 1;
▸ int value2 = 2;
▸ if(value1 == value2)
▸ System.out.println("value1 == value2");
▸ if(value1 != value2)
▸ System.out.println("value1 != value2");
▸ if(value1 > value2)
▸ System.out.println("value1 > value2");
▸ if(value1 < value2)
▸ System.out.println("value1 < value2");
▸ if(value1 <= value2)
▸ System.out.println("value1 <= value2”); } }

▸ Output:
▸ value1 != value2
▸ value1 < value2
▸ value1 <= value2

▸ Another conditional operator is ?:, which can be thought of as shorthand for an if-then-else
statement (discussed in the Control Flow Statements section of this lesson). This operator is also
known as the ternary operator because it uses three operands. In the following example, this
operator should be read as: "If someCondition is true, assign the value of value1 to result.
Otherwise, assign the value of value2 to result."
▸ The following program, ConditionalDemo2, tests the ?: operator:
▸ class ConditionalDemo2 {
▸ int value1 = 1;
▸ int value2 = 2;
▸ int result;
▸ boolean someCondition = true;
▸ result = someCondition ? value1 : value2;
▸ System.out.println(result); } }
▸ Because someCondition is true, this program prints "1" to the screen. Use the ?: operator instead of
an if-then-else statement if it makes your code more readable; for example, when the expressions
are compact and without side-effects (such as assignments).

▸ The following quick reference summarizes the operators supported by the Java programming language.
▸ Simple Assignment Operator
▸ = Simple assignment operator
▸ Arithmetic Operators
▸ + Additive operator (also used for String concatenation)
▸ - Subtraction operator
▸ * Multiplication operator
▸ / Division operator
▸ % Remainder operator
▸ Unary Operators
▸ + Unary plus operator; indicates positive value (numbers are positive without this, however)
▸ - Unary minus operator negates an expression
▸ ++ Increment operator increments a value by 1
▸ -- Decrement operator decrements a value by 1
▸ ! Logical complement operator inverts the value of a boolean
▸ Equality and Relational Operators
▸ == Equal to
▸ != Not equal to
▸ > Greater than
▸ >= Greater than or equal to
▸ < Less than
▸ <= Less than or equal to

▸ The following quick reference summarizes the operators supported by the Java programming
language.
▸ Conditional Operators
▸ && Conditional-AND
▸ || Conditional-OR
▸ ?: Ternary (shorthand for if-then-else statement)
▸ Type Comparison Operator
▸ instanceof Compares an object to a speciﬁed type
▸ Bitwise and Bit Shift Operators
▸ ~ Unary bitwise complement
▸ << Signed left shift
▸ >> Signed right shift
▸ >>> Unsigned right shift
▸ & Bitwise AND
▸ ^ Bitwise exclusive OR
▸ | Bitwise inclusive OR

THANKS
WISH YOU A WONDERFUL DAY
▸ Skype : amr_elghadban
▸ Email :amr.elghadban@gmail.com
▸ Phone : (+20)1098558500
▸ Fb/amr.elghadban
▸ Linkedin/amr_elghadban

8- java language basics part2

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8- java language basics part2