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A time Travel with temporal tables
- 1. SQLDay 2017 A time travel with temporal tables Leonel Abreu Email: [email protected] - Twitter: @leonel_abreu LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/leonel-abreu/
- 2. SQLDay 2017
- 3. SQLDay 2017 Agenda • What’s a Temporal Table? – Advantages and how to use it • It’s useful for – Auditing efects – Disaster Recovery – Trending Analytics • A Short “How to” – Scenario and demo
- 4. What is a temporal table? Also known as System Versioned Because keep changes Just two extra columns To define periods Finally a second table Which contains the history
- 5. Advantages Security Is not possible to modify the historical data Easy to maintain Additional coding to insert/update/delete data is not required Can be used For new tables For existing tables
- 6. Why temporal tables? Auditing All data changes and forensics if necessary Time Travel State of data as of any time in the past Recovering From accidental data changes, as undesired DELETE operations
- 7. Why temporal tables? Calculate Trends over time Also BI Can be used to do SCD Schema included If the table structure is changed, it is also recorded
- 8. SQLDay 2017 • Real data sources are dynamic – Historical data may be critical to business success – Traditional databases fail to provide required insights • Workarounds are… – Complex, expensive, limited, inflexible, inefficient • SQL Server 2016 makes life easy – No change in programming model – New Insights Time Travel Data Audit Slowly Changing Dimensions Repair record-level corruptions Why temporal tables?
- 9. How to start? No change in programming model New Insights INSERT / BULK INSERT UPDATE DELETE MERGE DML SELECT * FROM temporal Querying CREATE temporal TABLE PERIOD FOR SYSTEM_TIME… ALTER regular_table TABLE ADD PERIOD… DDL FOR SYSTEM_TIME AS OF FROM..TO BETWEEN..AND CONTAINED IN Temporal Querying
- 10. How does it work? SQLDay 2017 Temporal table (actual data) Insert / Bulk Insert * Old versions Update */ Delete * History Table
- 11. How does it work? SQLDay 2017 Temporal table (actual data) Temporal Queries * (Time travel,etc.) History Table Regular queries (current data) * Include Historical Version
- 12. Getting insights from temporal – AS OF SQLDay 2017 DepNum DepName MngrID From To A001 Marketing 5 2005 2008 A002 Sales 2 2005 2007 A003 Consulting 6 2005 2006 A003 Consulting 10 2009 2012 DepNum DepName MngrID A001 Marketing 5 A001 Marketing 6 A002 Sales 2 A002 Sales 5 A003 Consulting 6 A003 Consulting 10 DepNum DepName MngrID From To A001 Marketing 6 2008 ∞ A002 Sales 5 2007 ∞ A001 A002 A003 period of validity current time ∞ ∞ Department (current) Department (history) Department (current + history) 2005 2015 SELECT * FROM DepartmentSELECT * FROM Department FOR SYSTEM_TIME BETWEEN '2006.01.01' AND '2007.01.01' SELECT * FROM Department FOR SYSTEM_TIME CONTAINED IN ('2007.01.01', '2009.01.01') SELECT * FROM Department FOR SYSTEM_TIME AS OF '2006.01.01' A001 A002 A003 “Get actual row versions”AS OFBETWEEN..ANDCONTAINED IN
- 13. SQLDay 2017 SELECT * FROM Department FOR SYSTEM_TIME AS OF '2010.01.01' Facts: 1. History is much bigger than actual data 2. Retained between 3 and 10 years 3. “Warm”: up to a few weeks/months 4. “Cold”: rarely queried Solution: History as a stretch table: PeriodEnd < “Now - 6 months” Azure SQL Database
- 14. SQLDay 2017 demo
- 15. SQLDay 2017 Q & A
- 16. Further Information SQLDay 2017 • Querying Data in a System-Versioned Temporal Table – https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/tables/querying- data-in-a-system-versioned-temporal-table • Modifying Data in a System-Versioned Temporal Table – https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/tables/modifying- data-in-a-system-versioned-temporal-table • Changing the Schema of a System-Versioned Temporal Table – https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/tables/changing- the-schema-of-a-system-versioned-temporal-table
- 17. SQLDay 2017
Editor's Notes
- #9: Source: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn935015(v=sql.130).aspx
- #10: Source: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn935015(v=sql.130).aspx
- #11: Source: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn935015(v=sql.130).aspx
- #12: Source: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn935015(v=sql.130).aspx
- #13: Source: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn935015(v=sql.130).aspx
- #14: Source: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn935015(v=sql.130).aspx