![ABAP Core Data Services
Technical Description
• Technologically agnostic definition of
database views
• CDS borrowed heavily from SQL-Standard
• Supports functions of ANSI-SQL
• DDIC Object [DDLS] with can only be viewed
and edited with ADT
• Generates database native artefacts (DDL-
Statements) during activation
Context of Availability
• 1st introduction of CDS with NetWeaver 7.40
SP5 on AnyDB
• Parameter-Views came up with 7.40 SP8
(DBMS compatibility unknown at that time)
• General availability of CDS for AnyDB (incl.
Parameter-Views) since NetWeaver 7.50
! DO NO MIX UP ABAP WITH HANA CDS !
It’s a total different technology](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ridderabapcoredataservicessitfra2017-170327205503/85/Daniel-Ridder-ABAP-Core-Data-Services-No-Pain-No-Gain-3-320.jpg)
![DROP TABLE "Z_DATATABLE“
error in DDL statement for "Z_DATATABLE“
SQL-error "-478-[IBM][CLI Driver][DB2] ALTER,
DROP, OR REVOKE AFFECTING OBJECT TYPE FUNCTION
CANNOT BE PROCESSED BECAUSE OBJECT
SAPR3.Z_DATAVIEW OF TYPE FUNCTION IS DEPENDENT ON
IT" in DDL statement for "Z_DATATABLE"
--------------- DB-ROLLBACK() ---------------
error in DDL, nametab for "Z_DATATABLE" not
activated
…after activation on Oracle:
Here comes DB2 on zOS
Problem description
• Extending/Modifying a database table during
SAINT yields to an upgrade error during
activation phase
DBMS- specific Lifecycle management
Trans.
Table
Trans.
Table
CDS View
W. Parameters
<dependency>
Unhandled
dependencies between
native artifacts!
“[IBM][CLI Driver][DB2] SQL0101N The statement is too
long or too complex.”](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ridderabapcoredataservicessitfra2017-170327205503/85/Daniel-Ridder-ABAP-Core-Data-Services-No-Pain-No-Gain-11-320.jpg)
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Daniel Ridder ABAP Core Data Services No Pain, No Gain
- 1. ABAP Core Data Services No Pain, No Gain Hitchhiker's Guide to ABAP CDS since NetWeaver 7.40 SAP Inside Track 2017, Frankfurt Daniel Ridder @nielseabap
- 2. What’s CDS? A beginners perspective
- 3. ABAP Core Data Services Technical Description • Technologically agnostic definition of database views • CDS borrowed heavily from SQL-Standard • Supports functions of ANSI-SQL • DDIC Object [DDLS] with can only be viewed and edited with ADT • Generates database native artefacts (DDL- Statements) during activation Context of Availability • 1st introduction of CDS with NetWeaver 7.40 SP5 on AnyDB • Parameter-Views came up with 7.40 SP8 (DBMS compatibility unknown at that time) • General availability of CDS for AnyDB (incl. Parameter-Views) since NetWeaver 7.50 ! DO NO MIX UP ABAP WITH HANA CDS ! It’s a total different technology
- 4. What’s the idea? Accessing data Programming model Business Objects
- 5. Back to good software design Data access via OpenSQL Business Objects Performing with itabs Abstraction via API-Design
- 6. In the beginning the business object was created. This has made a lot of people very angry and been widely regarded as a bad move. Persistance Business Object Attributes Locking Links to other Business Objects Access via API ∙ BOPF ∙ SADL ∙ OpenSQL • Don’t go back to the old days… • 1st define your business object/data model • Make it accessible via API • OpenSQL is still an API, but… • do not code logic into the statement • use CDS Views instead – “The truth lays inside the views”
- 7. Consumption and Use-Cases • CDS may act as a read-only BO • Is the 1st choice for analytical processes • Enables full code pushdown of business logic to the database • Can be consumed in different ways • ABAP • OData via Annotation or SAP Gateway • BEx BW Tools • … CDS Function Module SAP BW VirtualProvider SAP BEx Query Business User SAP BEx Tools Fiori App SAP Gateway ABAP Floorplan Manager No embedded BW in S/4HANA !
- 8. CDS – phase of activation There is a theory which states that if ever anyone discovers exactly what CDS activation does, it will instantly disappear and be replaced by something even more bizarre and inexplicable…
- 9. Activation of a CDS Parameter-View HDB on NetWeaver 7.50 SP3 • There is no specification of SQL database views supporting parameters • Due to this a parameter view becomes a complex native artifact • A function object with a table as a result set has to be created • On HDB the definition of the function is generated in SQLScript
- 10. There is a theory which states that if ever anyone discovers exactly what CDS activation does, it will instantly disappear and be replaced by something even more bizarre and inexplicable. - There is another theory which states that this has already happened. Activation of a CDS Parameter-View Oracle on NetWeaver 7.40 SP11
- 11. DROP TABLE "Z_DATATABLE“ error in DDL statement for "Z_DATATABLE“ SQL-error "-478-[IBM][CLI Driver][DB2] ALTER, DROP, OR REVOKE AFFECTING OBJECT TYPE FUNCTION CANNOT BE PROCESSED BECAUSE OBJECT SAPR3.Z_DATAVIEW OF TYPE FUNCTION IS DEPENDENT ON IT" in DDL statement for "Z_DATATABLE" --------------- DB-ROLLBACK() --------------- error in DDL, nametab for "Z_DATATABLE" not activated …after activation on Oracle: Here comes DB2 on zOS Problem description • Extending/Modifying a database table during SAINT yields to an upgrade error during activation phase DBMS- specific Lifecycle management Trans. Table Trans. Table CDS View W. Parameters <dependency> Unhandled dependencies between native artifacts! “[IBM][CLI Driver][DB2] SQL0101N The statement is too long or too complex.”
- 12. The walk of pain Avoid ABAP CDS in an heterogeneous DBMS landscape
- 13. CDS on NetWeaver 7.40 “The Walk of pain” Dec 2015 Jun 2016 Nov 2016 2331160 - Renaming of CDS artifacts in customer systems https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/23 31160 Still 3x open incidents in system upgrade process / SPAM breaks • DB2/zOS • DB2 • Upgrade-Performance SAINT/SPAM breaks during activation phase • incorrect order of activation • wrong quantity of activation • problems with cyclic dependencies • problems after renaming of views • SELECT * Problems while upgrading to NetWeaver 7.50: • undocumented change of CDS specification (order of key attributes) SAINT/SPAM breaks during activation phase • incorrect order of activation Development Track
- 14. Small selection of “hitting” notes • Note 2240326 - Cycle problems during activation of CDS views • cycles are subject to “some restrictions” No documentation at that time • Notes 2295005 - Data element change for table does not result in reactivation of all DDL sources during transport 2381956 - Inconsistent 'SELECT *' CDS views 2274996 - Problems with deletion of table or view fields with select * dependencies • „Select-Star is for looser“ • Note 2239157 - Support of database features • „Official“ GA of CDS Views with parameters in NetWeaver 7.50 on AnyDB What about the introduction in 7.40 SP8? • Note 2331160 - Renaming of CDS artifacts in customer systems • CDS Views could be renamed DDLS, CDS-Name, DDIC-Name (DDIC-Rename is always prohibited) • Note 2387971 - Incompatible ABAP changes from Release 7.40 to 7.50 • Since NetWeaver 7.50 all key attributes must be located together at the start of SELECT
- 15. ABAP Core Data Services is a key technology CDS goes further • CDS let you define a VDM – virtual data model under S/4HANA (BO 1st) • HDB supports the definition of ABAP CDS table functions • Which solves a lack of AMDPs • CDS Test Double Framework • The upcoming S/4HANA programming model depends heavily on CDS Views • The draft concept combines CDS and BOPF for transactional Fiori-Applications and is triggered by CDS annotations Recommendations using CDS Recommendations based on our experiences: • CDS > NetWeaver 7.40 > AnyDB • Do not built huge view hierarchies (< 5 level, not more than 10 views) • Do not use parameters! • Avoid cycles in associations • Perform activation tests on each dbms target platform • CDS > NetWeaver 7.50 > AnyDB • We will see… • CDS > NetWeaver 7.50 > HANA • No restrictions • CDS > NetWeaver 7.51 S/4HANA • rocks
- 16. So Long, and Thanks for All the Fish Daniel Ridder @nielseabap