Achievements of MDGs in Bangladesh

Achievements of MDGs in
Bangladesh
A Presentation on

The Presenters!
Group – F
MSS 171611
MSS 171612
MSS 171626
MSS 171637
MSS 171649

Topic we’re trying to cover…
 What is MDG?
 What are the countries under MDGs?
 The Goals of MDGs!
 MDGs and Bangladesh!
 Achievements of MGDs in Bangladesh!
 Criticism of MDGs!
 Conclusion

What is MDG?
 The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight goals with measurable targets and
clear deadlines for improving the lives of the world's poorest people.
 To meet these goals, leaders of 189 countries signed the historic millennium declaration
at the United Nations Millennium Summit in 2000.
 MDGs have 8 goals, 18 targets and 48 indicators to measure progress towards the
MDGs.
 From January 2008, 21 targets and 60 indicators have been re-set and used to monitor
the MDGs.

What are the countries under MDGs?
 MDGs were adopted by 189 UN Member States in 2000.
 Total 147 heads of the UN member state were present there.
 Not only for the underdeveloped countries.
 All the UN member states who were agreed on the MDGs are
under the targets.

The Goals!
 Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger
 Millions continue to live in hunger and poverty, lacking access to basic services
 Despite remarkable progress, about 800 million people continue to live in
absolute poverty and suffer from hunger. More than 160 million children below
5-years have inadequate height for their age because of insufficient food.
 Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education
 In 2015, 57 million children of primary school age do not attend school.
 Compared to children in the richest households, those in the poorest
households are four times more likely to be out of school. Under-five mortality
rates are nearly twice as high for children in the poorest households compared
to the wealthiest households.

The Goals!
 Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women
 Gender inequality persists. Women in many parts of the world continue to face
discrimination in access to economic assets, work, and participation in public
and private decision-making. They are also more likely to live in poverty
compared to men.
 Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality
 Reducing child mortality is one of the most important goal set to achieve the
MDGs. It is a key indicator to development and must be achieved.

The Goals!
 Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health
 The maternal mortality ratio in developing nations is 14 times higher than in
the developed nations.
 Just 50 percent of pregnant women in developing countries can receive the
recommended minimum of 4 antenatal care visits.
 Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases
 An estimated 36 percent of the 31.5 million people living with HIV in
developing nations were said to be receiving ART in 2013.

The Goals!
 Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability
 Close to 5.2 million hectares of forest cover were lost in 2010.
 Climate change and environmental degradation undercut progress achieved
 Global emissions of carbon dioxide have increased by more than 50 percent
since 1990.
 Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development
 Conflict remains the greatest threat to human development.
 By 2015, conflicts had forced nearly 60 million people to leave their homes –
the highest number recorded since the Second World War.

Poverty and
Hunger
Primary
Education
Child
Mortality
Maternal
Health
Partnership for
Development
HIV/AIDS and
other Diseases
Empower
Women
Environmental
Sustainability
By
2015
191
Member
States

MDGs and Bangladesh
 Bangladesh successful in 5 MDGs, behind in 3.
 Bangladesh has made considerable progress in achieving the Millennium Development
Goals (MDGs), particularly in poverty alleviation. The goal was to reduce poverty to 29
percent by the year 2015. Two years ahead of time, in 2013, it has been possible to
bring this down to 26.2 percent.
 Among the eight goals of MDG, it will be possible to fully meet the targets set for
reducing infant mortality and improving maternal health. The goals which will not be
fully met are eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, achieving universal primary
education, achieving gender equality and empowerment of women. However,
Bangladesh is considering the achievements made in these sectors to be successful.

Achievements of MDGs in Bangladesh!
 Achievement on Goal – 1: Eradicating Extreme Poverty and Hunger
 The progress made in poverty reduction so far is not
sufficient to achieve the objective of halving poverty by
2015.
 In 1990, poverty ratio in the country was 50%. The
MDG target for Bangladesh is to bring it down to 25% in
2015.
 This requires poverty to decline at the annual rate of
1.41% from now up to 2015, whereas in the most recent
five years poverty has fallen at the rate of just 1.06%.

 Achievement on Goal – 2: Achieving Universal Primary Education
Enrollment rates:
 Bangladesh has made good progress in schooling. The gross primary
enrollment rate increased from 61 percent in 1980 to72 percent by
1990, and to 96 percent by 2000. The net primary enrollment is,
however, much lower — in 2000, it was only, 65.4 percent. The
MDG target is to raise the net enrolment rate to 100 percent by 2015.
Primary Completion:
 There are large variations in both net primary enrollment rate and
primary completion rate across regions. For instance, net primary
enrollment rates in the rural areas of some districts such as Faridpur,
Tangail and Jamalpur are only 48 percent, whereas the rural areas of
Khulna, Jessore and Kushtia have net primary enrolment rates of 74
percent.

 Achievement on Goal – 3: Promoting Gender Equality and Empowering Women
 Bangladesh has made tremendous progress in achieving the first
target of removing gender disparity in schooling.
 The female-male ratio of students in primary schools has steadily
increased from about 45:55 in 1990 to 50:50 in 2002.
 At the secondary level, more girls are now enrolled than boys,
thanks to the female secondary stipend programme. Female-male
ratio in secondary schools was 53:47 in 2000 (GOB, 2005).

 Achievement on Goal – 4: Reduce Child Mortality
 Bangladesh has achieved a tremendous
improvement in reducing child mortality within
these years.
 Bangladesh received the UN award for its
remarkable achievements in attaining the
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
particularly in reducing child mortality.

 Achievement on Goal – 5: Improve Maternal Health
 Maternal mortality declined from 322 in 2001 to 194 in
2010, a 40% decline in nine years
 Average annual rate of decline from 1990 has been
about 3.3%, while MDG requirement is 3%
 43.5% of women age 15-49 years with a live birth in
the last 2 years were attended by skilled health
personnel in 2012-2013, which was 24.4% in 2009

 Achievement on Goal – 6: Combating HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases
 Prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Bangladesh currently is less than
0.1% and thus is still below an epidemic level
 Prevalence of malaria per 100,000 population was 441.5 in
2005, which came down to 202 in 2013
 Children U-5 with fever who are treated with appropriate
anti-malarial drugs was 80% in 2008, which was recorded at
89.50% in 2013 and the target is to achieve 90% in 2015 is
almost achieved
 The death rate associated with TB was 61 per 100,000,
populations in 1990. The status is 45 in 2012 on track

 Achievement on Goal – 7: Ensuring Environmental Sustainability
 Only 13.4% of land tree cover with density of 30% and
above and the area having tree cover is much lower than
the target set for 2015 (20%)
 Steady increase in CO2 emission in Bangladesh because
of increasing development interventions and activities. In
2012, the emission was 0.32 MT per capita
 97.9% of the population of Bangladesh is using improved
drinking water source
 55.9% of population is using improved sanitation in 2012-
2013

 Achievement on Goal – 8: Developing a Global Partnership for Development
 Disbursed ODA as a proportion of Bangladesh’s
GDP has declined from 5.59% in FY 90-91 to 1.
78% in 2013-14; annual average of 2.62%
 80% people use mobile phone
 ‘Digital inclusion’
 Challenge – making trade useful for development.

Criticism
 Critics of the MDGs complained of a lack of analysis and justification behind the chosen
objectives, and the difficulty or lack of measurements for some goals and uneven
progress, among others.
 Although developed countries' aid for achieving the MDGs rose during the challenge
period, more than half went for debt relief and much of the remainder going towards
natural disaster relief and military aid, rather than further development.

Conclusion
 Bangladesh has already met several targets of the
MDGs like reducing poverty gap ratio, attaining
gender parity at primary and secondary education,
under-five mortality rate reduction, containing HIV
infection with access to antiretroviral drugs.
 In addition, Bangladesh has made remarkable
progress in the areas of poverty reduction, reducing
the prevalence of underweight children, increasing
enrolment at primary schools and many more.
 But still there are lots of fields where Bangladesh is
in so far than the target. Using the extreme man
power of Bangladesh, the government should move
forward more aggressively to reach to the goal.

Thank You
For your patient hearing!
Questions??

Achievements of MDGs in Bangladesh

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