3. Methods of Drawing Projections
ME119: Engineering Drawing
Reproducing views : step by step draw pairs of view on the
same XY line. To start with A standard FV+TV. In next pair say
turn FV , reproduce it in turned position. Use the previous TV
and new FV to get new TV. In next step, turn around vertical.
Shape of TV does not change but orientation does. Also
distance from HP has not changed. Hence use reproduced TV
and second FV to draw new FV
Auxiliary Plane Projection : Start with a standard position of
the solid. Here instead of reproducing the view, make a new
XY line that satisfies the required condition , again step by
step. So first draw a new XY line to say satisfy inclination with
HP. Next , new XY to satisfy the condition of orientation wrt
VP
4. ME119: Engineering Drawing
X Y
1. Draw the front and top view
of a square prism 40mm side
with its axis perpendicular to
HP and two of its sides parallel
to VP
Simple position
5. ME119: Engineering Drawing
X Y
2. Draw front view and top
view of a hexagonal prism with
two of its faces perpendicular
to HP and VP and its axis
perpendicular to VP. Side of
prism is 30 mm with axis 80
mm long.
6. Y
X
3. Draw the top view and front
view of the frustum with height
of 50 mm and the length of the
side on base equal 50 mm.
ME119: Engineering Drawing
7. X Y
4. Draw projection
of a solid cylinder
diameter 30mm
and height 80mm
inclined at 30
degrees to the HP.
ME119: Engineering Drawing
30
a,1
b,2
c,3
d,4
e,5
f,6
g,7
h,8
e’
1’
2’,8’ 3’,7’ 4’,6’
5’
a’ b’,h’ c’,g’ d’,f’
Here solution uses
method of
reproducing a
view.
8. ME119: Engineering Drawing
X Y
5. Draw from view and top view of a cone
with its axis parallel to HP and inclined at
45 degrees to VP. Diameter of base of
cone is 60mm and length of axis is 80 mm
a’
b’
c’
d’
e’
f’
g’
h’ o’
b,f c,e
a,g d
h
o
Reproduce TV
9. X
Y
X1
Y1
6. Draw cone with base
diameter as 25mm and height
of 70mm. Cone is inclined at
30 degrees to the horizontal
plane. Use auxiliary plane
method
30
ME119: Engineering Drawing
Use auxiliary pla
10. 7. Draw a pentagonal
pyramid with side of base as
25mm and height of 70mm.
Pyramid is inclined at 45
degrees to the HP and the
base on which it rests is
parallel to VP. Use auxiliary
plane method
ME119: Engineering Drawing
X
Y
45
X1
Y1
X2
Y2
Note: Choose X1Y1 as inclined to the axis
at 45⁰ . Take dist from VP as from original
top view. But given the orientation of the
pyramid base in top view the edge
chosen to touch X1Y1 happens to be
perpendicular to VP ( as seen in both top
views). Hence a further turning around
vertical axis is required to satisfy required
condition “parallel to VP”. Take X2Y2
perpendicular to X1Y1. Now take the
distance from X1Y1 line to mark points in
new front view.
a
b
c
d
e
a b,e c,d
f
f
a b
c
d
e
11. ME119: Engineering Drawing
L2
L1
θ
β
β = Apparent Angle
θ = Actual Angle
L1 = Actual Length
L2 = Apparent Length
How to get apparent length/angle from true length/angle and vice versa
Given L1, θ and L2 get β
Given L2, β and L1 get θ
etc
12. • 1.a cone 40 mm diameter and 50 mm axis is
resting on a one generator on H.P.,which
makes 300 inclination with V.P.,Draw its
projections
14. • 2. A cylinder with 50 mm base diameter and
65 mm long axis has a generator in V.P., is
inclined at 450
to H.P., draw its projections.
16. • 3. A tetrahedron with a 75 mm edge, has an
edge on the ground and the faces containing
that edge are equally inclined to the H.P.Draw
its projections when the edge lying on the
ground is perpendicular to the V.P
18. 4. A hexagonal pyramid having a base with a 30
mm side and an 80 mm long axis is freely
suspended from one of the corners of the
base. Draw its projections when its axis is
parallel to the V.P.
20. 5.Draw three views of the frustum of a
hexagonal pyramid, having a base with a 35
mm edge, 20 mm top edge and a 45 mm long
axis, and which has one of its faces on the H.P.
and axis parallel to the V.P.
22. 6.A pentagonal prism, having a base with a 30
mm side,60 mm height ,rests on H.P. on one
of its base edges. Its axis is inclined at 450
to
the H.P. and the edge of the base on which it
rests is inclined at 300
to the V.P., draw its
projections.
24. 7.A cylinder having a 50 mm base dia. And a 70
mm long axis, has a point of its base in the
V.P. its axis inclined at 300
to the V.P. and 450
to H.P. draw its projections
26. 8.a hexagonal pyramid having a base with a 30
mm side and an 65 mm long axis ,rests on an
edge of the base on the H.P. with triangular
face containing that edge perpendicular to
H.P. and parallel to V.P. Draw its projections
so that the base is visible.
28. • 9. Draw the projections of the cone, having a
base with a 50 mm diameter and a 60 mm
axis. when it is resting on the ground on a
point of its base circle with
• (a) The axis inclined 300
to the H.P. and 450
to
the V.P. and,
• (b) The axis inclined at 300
to the H.P. and its
top view is inclined at 450
to the V.P.
30. • 10. a pentagonal prism, having a base with a
25 mm side and a 60 mm long axis, has its axis
inclined at 600
to the H.P. and 300
to the
V.P.,The farthest shortest edge of the prism is
parallel to and 90 mm above the H.P.,while
the nearest corner of the prism is 10 mm in
front of the V.P., draw its projections
